深孔及松软地层大口径绳索取心钻具的研究与应用

为解决深孔大口径及松软地层取心难的问题,推进取心钻探技术的发展,研发了一套大口径绳索取心钻具。着重介绍了大口径绳索取心钻具的结构特点、技术参数、技术创新及使用效果。应用结果表明,该大口径绳索取心钻具结构合理、各机构动作可靠、岩心采取率高,能够满足深孔及松软地层的取心要求。     

枣庄市山亭区新农村建设中存在的问题及对策

加快新农村建设步伐是党中央、国务院的一项重大决策。近年来,各地立足实际,完善措施,不断推进新农村建设,有效地改善了农民的生产生活条件。但由于缺乏科学规划,造成设施不配套、土地不能充分利用等状况。枣庄市山亭区提出了以宅基地换房的方式,可以破解用地难题,促进农村新型社区建设。     

Optical dating of sand wedges and ice‐wedge casts from Qinghai Lake area on the northeastern Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau and its palaeoenvironmental implications

Sand wedges and ice‐wedge casts in the Qinghai Lake area on the northeastern Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau (QTP) occur within alluvial gravel or river terrace deposits. In this study, we report the results of quartz Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating of the infill of five relict sand wedges and one ice‐wedge cast. Combining our dating results with previously published luminescence ages of permafrost wedges in the Qinghai Lake area, we show that sand/ice wedges formed at c. 62 ka, c. 45 ka and between 30 and 15 ka, and that the mean annual air temperature (MAAT) was depressed by at least ～3°C relative to present during the sand/ice‐wedge formation periods. This new work is partially corroborated by post‐LGM proxy records from lakes and aeolian deposits reported from the northeastern QTP. It also significantly extends the palaeoenvironmental record in the region in the period before the LGM, when other proxy records are rare, allowing a better understanding of the palaeoenvironmental conditions on the northeastern QTP.     

The yield of ionization in critical ionization velocity space experiments

We compare the conditions in laboratory and space critical ionization velocity (CIV) experiments. One significant difference that comes to light is the rapid expansion of the neutral cloud in space experiments, which does not take place in the laboratory. This has important ramifications for the ultimate ionization yield if there is a time delay in the ignition of the CIV discharge. We find that a simple kinetic model implies that the delay time of CIV ignition is a critical factor in determining the ultimate yield of the experiment. Although the delay time is difficult to calculate precisely, we provide some estimates that predict low CIV yield for typical space experimental geometries, densities and expansion rates. We examine the possibility of the variation of experimental conditions to maximize yield, but find that natural limitations in the design of space experiments may lead to low yields in the best of circumstances. This implies that experiments to date neither prove nor disprove the relevance of the CIV process to cosmology.     

震害现场紧急卫星通讯系统的研究和建设

本文研究了应用VSAT技术建立大震现场紧急通讯系统的设计和实施方案,规定了该系统应实现的功能。在此基础上,提出了建立我国未来陆地地震救灾移动卫星通讯计划,并对一些关键技术和为移动用户可能提供的通讯业务进行了讨论。     

基于部分模糊度解算的BDS/GPS组合RTK算法

GNSS多频率组合RTK定位逐步进入实际应用,存在模糊度维数增多、搜索空间增大,导致模糊度搜索运算量增大及模糊度固定效率低等问题。文中提出一种多星座部分模糊度解算算法,该算法综合考虑卫星高度角、模糊度固定成功率及Ratio值来筛选卫星进行模糊度解算。通过一组动态跑车实验分析表明:相比于全模糊度解算(FAR),部分模糊度解算(PAR)可以有效地提高BDS/GPS组合RTK的模糊度固定率,其模糊度固定率从79.9%(FAR)提高到99.1%(PAR),且PAR算法定位结果可靠性更高。     

Intra-continental Orogeny: Insights from Magnetotelluric Data into the Mesozoic Uplift History of the Eastern Jiangnan Orogen in South China

Despite extensive efforts to understand the tectonic evolution of the Jiangnan Orogen in South China, the orogenic process and its mechanism remain a matter of dispute. Previous geodynamic studies have mostly focused on collisional orogeny, which is commonly invoked to explain the Jiangnan Orogen. However, it is difficult for such hypotheses to reconcile all the geological and geophysical data, especially the absence of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks. Based on the magnetotelluric data, we ...     

Mapping soil liquefaction susceptibility across Europe using the analytic hierarchy process

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - Mapping the susceptibility of earthquake-induced soil liquefaction at the continental scale is a challenge. Susceptibility of soils to liquefaction is the...     

High effectiveness of GRACE data in daily-scale flood modeling: case study in the Xijiang River Basin,China

Natural Hazards - The U.S. 2020 hurricane season was extraordinary because of a record number of named storms coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. This study draws lessons on how individual...