山西地震台网地震预警时间及盲区半径分析

影响地震预警能力的关键技术指标是预警时间及预警盲区。通过分析山西地震台网勘选完成的1 101个预警台站布局,计算地震台站平均台间距,根据预警盲区半径与台间距关系式得出盲区半径。根据计算结果及相关分布图,分析认为,在预警区内,平均台间距及盲区半径分布与地震活动的相关性较高,勘选完成的地震预警台站布局比较合理。     

烟台三菱水泥有限公司燕地石灰石矿山资源综合利用情况分析

烟台三菱水泥有限公司燕地石灰石矿,位于山东省栖霞市臧家庄镇燕地村东。矿山南北长约1000m,东西宽300～500m,属水泥厂石灰石原料专用矿山,矿山固定资产1．32亿元,各类机械设备以进口为主,功能齐全,性能优良。矿山总体为凹陷露天开采,公路运输开拓,开采工艺为：钻孔→爆破→采装→运输→破碎→均化堆积。采用垂直走向拉开段沟,水平分层,由上而下的开采方法,台段高度10m,同时生产的平台2～3个。     

Geochemical and statistical analysis of trace metals in atmospheric particulates in Wuhan, central China

The geochemical characteristics of trace metals (As, Cr, Co, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) in PM10 in Wuhan, the biggest metropolitan in central China, as well as their sources and contributions were analyzed. As PM10 has been the principal contaminant of air in Wuhan for years, concentrations of trace metals were measured in PM10 using high-volume samplers at one urban (Hankou) and one industrial (Changqian) site in Wuhan between September 2003 and September 2004. Based on the results, PM10 in Wuhan is characterized by relatively high levels of As, Cd, Mn, Pb and Zn compared with other Asian cities. The time-series of these elements indicated that As, Cu and Zn at both sites have similar trends, whereas Pb levels showed different patterns due to different emission sources. Factor analysis was applied to the datasets focusing on the apportionment of the mass of selected trace metals. Results indicate that Pb, Cd and As have a common source (smelting) at both sites, whereas the sources of Ni vary from coal combustion and steel in Changqian to mineral and traffic in Hankou.     

西藏阿里札达盆地上新世-早更新世河湖相地层层序地层分析

根据札达盆地河湖相剖面地层岩性、粒度、沉积构造、古生物等反映的沉积岩相,以及不整合面等沉积特征,可将札达盆地上新世—早更新世河湖相地层,初步划分为两个三级层序(Ⅰ、Ⅱ)。层序Ⅰ代表上新统地层层序,并进一步区分出退积准层序组和进积准层序组。对应上新世湖相沉积由低位体系域—湖泊扩张体系域—湖泊收缩体系域的演化,反映湖泊由源区水系冲积亚相—滨湖三角洲亚相—滨浅湖亚相—半深湖亚相—滨浅湖亚相的湖泊,由扩张到萎缩的一个完整的发展演化旋回。层序II代表下更新统地层层序,反映一个盆地受构造和气候(冰期—间冰期)双重控制的夭折型冰湖形成演化的由冰水冲积相到冰湖沉积相的不完整沉积旋回,为青藏高原新近系上新统与第四系的研究与划分提供了重要依据。     

Identifying sources and hazardous risks of heavy metals in topsoils of rapidly urbanizing East China

With rapid economic and social development, soil contamination arising from heavy metals has become a serious problem in many parts of China. We collected a total of 445 samples (0–20 cm) at the nodes of a 2 km×2 km grid in surface soils of Rizhao city, and analyzed sources and risk pattern of 10 heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn). The combination of Multivariate statistics analysis and Geostatistical methods was applied to identify the sources and hazardous risk of heavy metals in soils. The result indicated that Cr, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, and As were mainly controlled by parent materials and came from natural sources. Cd and Hg originated from anthropogenic sources. Pb and Zn, belonging to different groups in multivariate analysis, were associated with joint effect of parent materials and human inputs. Ordinary Kriging and Indicator Kriging suggested that single element and elements association from the same principal components had similar spatial distribution. Through comprehensive assessment on all elements, we also found the high risk areas were located in the populated urban areas and western study area, which could be attributed to the higher geological background in the western part and strong human interference in the eastern part.     

井水位前驱波普遍性问题的探讨

以山西、河北、内蒙等地5口映震能力较强的地下水位观测井为研究对象,对井水位前驱波普遍性问题进行了探讨.结果表明,强震井水位前驱波现象较为普遍,其比例可达65.1％(41/63);相同地震不同观测井前驱波特征各不相同,同一观测井在不同地震前的特征也各异,这可能与不同观测井具有不同的井-含水层结构以及不同地震前有着不同的震源参数有关;与单井水震波相比,震前有前驱波记录的次数略低于水震波,其比例在39.7％～50.7％之间;震前有前驱波记录的观测井占研究区观测井总数的比例可达66.7％.