Current and thermohaline characteristics of the Arabian Sea during January 1998

Based on a ship survey during January 1998, the characteristics of the flow, the thermohaline properties and the volume transport of the Arabian Sea are discussed. A strong westward flow exists between 10.5?N and 11?N, part of which turns to the south as the Somali current near the coast at about 10?N and the rest turns north. At the passage between the African continent and the So- cotra Island, the northern branch separates into two flows: the left one enters the passage and the right one flows eastward along the southern slope of the island. Off the island the flow separates once more, most of it meandering northeast and a small fraction flow- ing southeast. Volume transport calculation suggests that the tidal transport is one or two orders of magnitude smaller than the total transport in this region and it becomes more important near the coast. The average velocity of the flow in the upper layer (0-150 m) is about 20 cm s-1, with a maximum of 53 cm s-1 appearing east of the Socotra Island, and the subsurface layer (200-800 m) has an aver- age velocity of 8.6 cm s-1; the velocity becomes smaller at greater depths. The depth of the seasonal thermocline is about 100 m, above which there is a layer with well mixed temperature and dissolved oxygen. High-salinity and oxygen-rich water appears near the surface of the northern Arabian Sea; a salinity maximum and oxygen minimum at 100 m depth along 8?N testifies the subduction of surface water from the northern Arabian Sea. Waters from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf also influence the salinity of the area.     

天山地区遥感解译及铀矿化地质特征

本文通过卫星照片解译对天山地区的地层进行了划分,尤其是通过线性构造的解译把天山地区分成了若干个不同性质的地块,并对构造规模进行了分级。此外,还讨论了新老构造的继承关系,构造与岩体之间的相互依存关系等。本文又通过环形体的解译进一步确定了火山岩的喷发期次、活动规模及其与铀矿化的关系。通过对花岗岩体侵入期次和相带的划分,进而在解译中配合四道能谱测量判读标志来分析不同影象地质体的可能含铀丰度。另外还探讨了褶皱构造各要素的半定最估算的可能性。     

应用流体包裹体和自生伊利石测年重构鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油藏烃类充注史

中生界侏罗系是鄂尔多斯盆地重要的石油勘探与开发目的层之一,侏罗系油藏受前侏罗纪古地貌影响较为显著。本文通过流体包裹体特征分析、均一化温度测定和包裹体丰度（GOI）分析、定量颗粒荧光（QGF、QGF-E）研究以及储集层自生伊利石K-Ar定年等实验方法和手段的应用,对鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油气包裹体特征进行了精细描述及定量化分析研究,揭示了侏罗系油藏形成时间、充注过程及油气包裹体与油气运移、成藏的关系。研究结果表明：侏罗系油藏存在晚期充注,早期充注少或油藏遭受调整,早期生成的烃类现今仅以沥青的形式赋存,现今烃类流体主要为晚期成藏的产物。侏罗系石油大规模充注期为（108.3±2.0）~（116.5±2.0）Ma（早白垩世中期）,具有垂向运移聚集的特点。鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油藏早期受岩性和构造双重控制,晚期构造活动调整了油气藏的形态及局部富集。侏罗系在晚期成藏过程中没有形成过叠合连片的大规模的油藏,只在局部构造上形成规模较小的“小而肥”的独立油藏。     

Yanshanian Magma-Tectonic-Metallogenic Belt in East China of Circum-Pacific Domain (Ⅰ):Igneous Rocks and Orogenic Processes

Ｙａｎｓｈａｎｉａｎｍａｇｍａ－ｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃ－ｍｅｔａｌｏｇｅｎｉｃｂｅｌｔｏｆｔｈｅＥａｓｔＣｈｉｎａｉｓａｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅｃｉｒｃｕｍ－Ｐａｃｉｆｉｃｄｏｍａｉｎ．Ａｌｏｔｏｆｐａｐｅｒｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｐｕｂｌｉｓｈｅｄｔｏｄｉｓｃｕｓｓ...     

在矿产储量管理上应改革沿用的静态工业指标初探

50年代引进前苏联在地勘工作中用静态法制订工业指标、计算矿产储量,为矿山建设提交可供设计利用的矿产储量方面,曾经起到巨大的推动作用。然而,随着改革、开放,上述方法就不能适应市场经济发展的要求,本文试图在剖析静态法制订工业指标、计算矿产储量的四个弊端的基础上,探讨用贸易指标计算矿产储量来取代以往那种用静态法制订工业指标计算矿产储量的管理方法。     

三家厂铜矿地质地球化学及找矿

易门三家石铜矿位于云南易门铜矿带西部,按产状、矿物组合及成矿作用可分为狮山式和凤山式矿床。矿床地质、地球化学研究结果表明,三家厂铜矿狮山式矿床是沉积岩容矿的海底喷流热水沉积硫化物矿床;凤山式矿床是狮山式矿床经后期构造和热液改造的产物。     

川滇地区震旦系—寒武系界线

川滇地区系指云南东部、东北部,四川西部及西南部的广大地区。南起云南华宁,北至四川峨眉,长600公里,宽40—60公里,沿康滇古陆东缘分布的一个狭长条带。该区震旦纪、寒武纪地层发育完整、岩性单一、厚度大、化石丰富,是我国研究和解决震旦系—寒武系界线的重要地区之一(图1)。在云南东部前人对有关本问题曾进行过一定探讨,前文已有^[1]论述。     

Major element geochemistry of purple soils/rocks in the red Sichuan Basin, China: implications of their diagenesis and pedogenesis

Major element compositions and chemical weathering features of the purple soils and their corresponding rocks in the Red Sichuan Basin, China were studied in this paper to infer the diagenetic features of the purple rocks and the pedogenetic features of the purple soils. The results showed that all of the rock and soil samples, except those from Yibin, have strongly similar major element compositions and the distribution patterns of their major element compositions are similar to those of the upper continental crust. Chemical index of alteration, chemical index of weathering and Na₂O/K₂O indicate that the purple soils and rocks have similar chemical weathering intensities, whereas the Al₂O₃–CaO* + Na₂O–K₂O (A–CN–K) relationship, suggests that chemical weathering was strong during diagenesis of the purple rocks, but weak during pedogenesis of the purple soils. Variations in major element compositions of the purplish rock samples, except that from Yibin, do not primarily reflect differences in compositions of the sediment source, sediment recycling and potassium metasomatism, and therefore the effects of chemical weathering on the major element compositions were mainly dependent on climate condition and the residence time of material exposed to chemical weathering. Chemical weathering of the purple rocks reached only moderate degrees under the general influence of warm and humid climate during Jurassic and Cretaceous. Warmer and more humid climate conditions partly resulted in stronger chemical weathering of rocks in the southern region of the basin than in the central and western region, whereas shorter residence time of material in upslope position partly resulted in weaker chemical weathering of rocks in the eastern region than in the central and western region. The same climate and stable tectonic setting led to comparable chemical weathering intensities of rocks in the Ziliujing and Jiaguan Formations. Gradually colder and dryer climate from Early Jurassic to Middle Jurassic then to Late Jurassic and shorter residence time in tectonically active setting of Middle Jurassic and late Late Jurassic resulted in the following order of chemical weathering intensity of the purple Jurassic rocks: Ziliujing Formation ? Shaximiao Formation ≈ Suining Formation > Penglaizhen Formation.     

珠江口盆地珠一坳陷古近系“源-汇”系统分类及石油地质意义

珠一坳陷深层古近系两套优质生烃层系内发育的储层具有近源成藏的优势,但其非均质性强、低孔渗的特点制约了油气勘探,研究与此直接相关的“源-汇”系统,对于寻找富烃优储耦合的有利区意义重大.以构造运动和盆山地貌为基础,结合断陷湖盆以半地堑为基本单元的结构特点,划分了盆地级、半地堑级和区带级的三级“源-汇”系统.盆地级分为外源、内源型两类,可用来宏观分析优质烃源岩分布;半地堑级分为陡坡、缓坡和长轴型3类,对于定性评价储层优劣具有较大意义;区带级分为迁移型、转换型、稳定型3类,为有利区目标评价和井点选择提供参考.研究认为迁移型和转换型“源-汇”系统可形成良好的生储盖配置,是最为有利的油气富集区,应作为古近系重点勘探对象.      

Fischer图解及其在旋回层序研究中的应用──以北京西山张夏组为例

Ｆｉｓｃｈｅｒ图解（又称为容纳空间图解）为人们研究沉积旋回在空间上的叠置规律、相对海平面变化、层序级次的划分以及地层层序对比等提供了一种客观实用的方法。本文较详细地讨论了该图解的绘制方法及应注意的问题。运用该图解，将北京西山下苇甸剖面张夏组划分为１个大的三级旋回层序和４个四级旋回层序，根据图解反映的相对海平面变化讨论了旋回层序与构造运动间的关系，提出华北板块晚寒武世之前的＂翘翘板运动＂应始于中寒武世张夏期之早期到中期。