等距等高电磁波测距三角高程测量及精度分析

介绍了等距等高电磁波测距三角高程测量的原理，详细深入地分析了这种高程测量方法的精度，通过计算和作图表示，可直观地反映在不同条件下的精度变化情况，讨论了代替国家等级水准测量的范围和条件，可供生产实际和进一步研究参考。     

广西地面观测场四周障碍物影响分析

引入障碍物遮挡率和遮挡程度两种评定方法 ,对广西各站观测场四周障碍物进行分析 ,结果表明 :广西地面观测场四周障碍物影响程度属于轻度或以下的台站占 5 0 % ;属于中度影响占 15 % ;达到重度占 35 %。     

新疆东昆仑木孜塔格蛇绿混杂岩中发现富Nb玄武岩

富Nb 玄武岩以相对高的TiO2 含量、低的LILE/HFSE和LREE/HFSE比值以及(La/Nb)MN＜2为特征,是岛弧环境的典型产物。首次报道发现于新疆东昆仑木孜塔格蛇绿混杂岩中的富Nb玄武岩,并分析了它们的典型地球化学特征和构造环境,表明了它们形成在岛弧环境。     

川滇密西西比河谷型铅锌矿床成矿流体来源研究:流体Na-Cl-Br体系的证据

应用流体包裹体滤液分析方法，测定了川滇7个MVT铅锌矿床成矿流体的Na,Cl,Br含量，结果表明成矿流体的x(Na/Br)和x(Cl/Br)的平均值分别为185和73，并与高度蒸发浓缩的残留海水的x(Na/Br)和x(Cl/Br)相近。成矿流体的Na,Cl含量呈正相关，在lgNa-lgCl图解中呈线性分布。根据这些事实以及矿床地质特征，认为原始成矿卤水起源于蒸发浓缩的残留海水，原始含矿卤水与富含有机质的大气降水混合导致矿质沉淀而成矿。     

四川石棉县首次发现独特的自然铂矿床

攀西地区大片前震旦纪结晶基底杂岩中产出有众多的前晋宁期层状侵入体，其间可见钒钛磁铁矿化，铬铁矿化，最近在石棉境内新发现一处含铂矿化体呈层状，网脉状产于层状侵入体中，且多以自然铂单矿物存在。伴生主要矿物为磁铁矿，钛铁矿，黄铁矿，黄铜矿等。初步认为该矿床类型属产于层状铁质基性-超基性岩与铜硫化物-钡钛磁铁矿有关的构造-热液再活化型自然铂矿床。     

Study of the Earth’s free core nutation by tidal gravity data recorded with international superconducting gravimeters

By stacking high-precision tidal gravity observations obtained with superconducting gravimeters at six stations in China, Japan, Belgium, France, Germany and Finland, the local systematical discrepancies in the parameter fitting, caused by atmospheric, oceanic tidal loading and the other local environmental perturbations, are eliminated effectively. As a result, the resonance parameters of the Earth’s free core nutation are accurately determined. In this study, the eigenperiod of free core nutation is given as 429.0 sidereal days, which is in agreement with those published in the previous studies. It is about 30 sidereal days less than those calculated in theoretical models (about 460 sidereal days), which confirms the real ellipticity of the fluid core of the Earth to be about 5% larger than the one expected in assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium. The quality factor (Q value) of free core nutation is given as about 9543, which, compared with those determined before based on the body tide observations, is much larger, but more close to those obtained using the VLBI observations. The complex resonance strength is also determined as (−6.10×10⁻⁴, −0.01 ×10⁻⁴)°/h, which can principally describe the deformation characteristics of an anelastic mantle.     

Natural hydraulic cracking: numerical model and sensitivity study

Natural hydrofracturing caused by overpressure plays an important role in geopressure evolution and hydrocarbon migration in petroliferous basins. Its mechanism is quite well understood in the case of artificial hydraulic fracturing triggered by high-pressure fluid injection in a well. This is not so for natural hydraulic fracturing which is assumed to initiate as micro-cracks with large influence on the permeability of the medium. The mechanism of natural hydraulic cracking, triggered by increasing pore pressure during geological periods, is studied using a fracturing model coupled to the physical processes occurring during basin evolution. In this model, the hydraulic cracking threshold is assumed to lie between the classical failure limit and the beginning of dilatancy. Fluid pressure evolution is calculated iteratively in order to allow dynamic adjustment of permeability so that the fracturing limit is always preserved. The increase of permeability is interpreted on the basis of equivalent fractures. It is found that fracturing is very efficient to keep a stress level at the rock’s hydraulic cracking limit: a fracture permeability one order of magnitude larger than the intrinsic permeability of the rock would be enough. Observations reported from actual basins and model results strongly suggest that natural hydraulic cracking occurs continuously to keep the pressure at the fracturing limit under relaxed stress conditions.     

山西北部至晋冀蒙交界地区几次中强地震前4.0级地震活动的研究

对山西北部至晋冀蒙交界地区中强地震前的 4 .0级地震进行了研究 ,得出其特征为异常增强—异常平静—信号地震的结论 ,认为该区某些 4 .0级地震活动似可作为某些中强地震的前兆地震而进行进一步的研究。     

Sedimentary cycles of trace elements in Salawusu River Valley since 150 ka BP

The paper makes some analyses on 11 trace elements in the Milanggouwan stratigraphical section in the Salawusu River valley, which is regarded as a prototype geology-palaeoclimate record since 150 ka BP. The results show that the content and variation of trace elements has experienced remarkably regular changes in the pace with coarse and fine sedimentary cycles of palaeo-aeolian sands to its overlying fluvio-lacustrine facies or/and palaeosols. The trace elements with chemical properties of relatively active (V, Sr, Cu, Ni, As) and relatively stable (P, Pb, Rb, Mn, Nb, Zr) are a manifestation of the corresponding 27 changeable cycles between peak and valley values, appearing a multi-fiuctuational process line of relative gathering and migration since then. The low numerical value distribution of these two types of trace elements in the aeolian sand facies represents erosion and accumulation under wind force during the cold-dry climate. Whereas their enrichments in both fluvio-lacustrine facies and palaeosols are related to the valley’s special low-lying physiognomic position between the Ordos Plateau and the Loess Plateau under the warm and humid climate conditions. The above relatively migrated and gathered change of the trace elements is the result of 27 climatic cycles of cold-dry and warm-humid, which is probably caused by repeated alternations of winter monsoon and summer monsoon in the Mu Us Sandy Land influenced by the climate vicissitudes in northern hemisphere during glacial and interglacial periods since 150 ka BP.     

中国加入WTO对长江三角洲地区产业发展的影响

加入WTO对中国的经济运行环境和区域经济走势将带来深远的影响。长江三角洲地区是我国最有潜力和条件参与较高层次国际竞争的地区之一，但是该地区计划经济体制的影响较深，区域经济发展的问题和制约因素突出。因此，利用新的视角开展中国加入WTO对长江三角洲地区产业发展的影响的综合研究，对我国21世纪地区经济的发展和走向具有重要的指示意义。本文通过对长江三角洲地区产业发展的现状和主要问题作了探讨，并在此基础上，对中国加入WTO对长江三角洲地区产业的冲击力进行了评估和判断。本文认为，为应对中国加入WT0后所带来的冲击，抓住发展机遇，提高区域整体竞争力，长江三角洲地区各城市有必要形成共识，规范和统一地方政府行为，在充分发挥市场机制作用的条件下，对区域产业调控机制和模式作重新构思，以进行区域产业分工体系和区域产业分布格局跨省市、全区域的合作与协同调整。