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171.
Miguel Tupinambá Monica Heilbron Claudio Valeriano Rubem Porto Júnior Fátima Blanco de Dios Nuno Machado Luiz Guilherme do Eirado Silva Júlio Cesar Horta de Almeida 《Gondwana Research》2012,21(2-3):422-438
The ca. 790–600 Ma Rio Negro Complex (RNC) of the Ribeira belt (Brazil) consists of a plutonic portion of a magmatic arc built by the E-vergent subduction of the ESE border of the São Francisco paleoplate during the amalgamation of Western Gondwana.The plutonic series comprises low- to medium-K granitoids (ca. 790–620 Ma) and high-K granitoids and shoshonite rocks (ca. 610–605). The age span of 185 m.y. is suggestive of a long history of arc-related magmatism, continuously or not in time. The Nd isotopic signatures of the RNC consist of εNd(t) ratios from ? 3 to + 5 for the medium-K series shoshonite series and from ? 14 to ? 3 for the younger high-K group. This time-dependent trend of Nd isotopes is indicative of progressive maturity of the arc over time. The same evolution is indicated by Sr data, as the medium-K rocks have 87Sr/86Sr initial ratios < 0.705 while the high-K rocks yield values between 0.705 and 0.710. The predominance of intermediate rocks over mafic ones suggests an initial intra-oceanic to transitional stage, possibly developed in a distal portion of a passive margin, such as the Japanese arc, evolving to a more developed, differentiated felsic rock associations.The role of transform fault zones, such as the Luanda shear zone, is emphasized in order to explain the consumption of a wide oceanic plate in the inner portion of Western Gondwana. 相似文献
172.
173.
Michael Wiedenbeck L. Paul Bédard Roxana Bugoi Mary Horan Kathryn Linge Silke Merchel Luiz F. G. Morales Dany Savard A. Kate Souders Paul Sylvester 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2014,38(4):467-512
Advances in the chemical, crystallographic and isotopic characterisation of geological and environmental materials can often be ascribed to technological improvements in analytical hardware or to innovative approaches to data acquisition and/or its interpretation. This biennial review addresses key laboratory methods that form much of the foundation for analytical geochemistry; again, this contribution is presented as a compendium of laboratory techniques. We highlight advances that have appeared since January 2012 and that are of particular significance for the chemical and isotopic characterisation of geomaterials. Prominent scientists from the selected analytical fields present publications they judge to be particular noteworthy, providing background information about the method and assessing where further opportunities might be anticipated. In addition to the well‐established technologies such as thermal ionisation mass spectrometry and plasma emission spectroscopy, this publication also presents new or rapidly growing methods such as electron backscattered diffraction analysis and atom probe tomography – a very sensitive method providing atomic scale information. 相似文献
174.
Galina P. Bulanova Michael J. Walter Chris B. Smith Simon C. Kohn Lora S. Armstrong Jon Blundy Luiz Gobbo 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2010,160(4):489-510
We report on a suite of diamonds from the Cretaceous Collier 4 kimberlite pipe, Juina, Brazil, that are predominantly nitrogen-free
type II crystals showing complex internal growth structures. Syngenetic mineral inclusions comprise calcium- and titanium-rich
phases with perovskite stoichiometry, Ca-rich majoritic-garnet, clinopyroxene, olivine, TAPP phase, minerals with stoichiometries
of CAS and K-hollandite phases, SiO2, FeO, native iron, low-Ni sulfides, and Ca–Mg-carbonate. We divide the diamonds into three groups on the basis of the carbon
isotope compositions (δ13C) of diamond core zones. Group 1 diamonds have heavy, mantle-like δ13C (−5 to −10‰) with mineral inclusions indicating a transition zone origin from mafic protoliths. Group 2 diamonds have intermediate
δ13C (−12 to −15‰), with inclusion compositions indicating crystallization from near-primary and differentiated carbonated melts
derived from oceanic crust in the deep upper mantle or transition zone. A 206Pb/238U age of 101 ± 7 Ma on a CaTiSi-perovskite inclusion (Group 2) is close to the kimberlite emplacement time (93.1 ± 1.5 Ma).
Group 3 diamonds have extremely light δ13C (−25‰), and host inclusions have compositions akin to high-pressure–temperature phases expected to be stable in pelagic
sediments subducted to transition zone depths. Collectively, the Collier 4 diamonds and their inclusions indicate multi-stage,
polybaric growth histories in dynamically changing chemical environments. The young inclusion age, the ubiquitous chemical
and isotopic characteristics indicative of subducted materials, and the regional tectonic history, suggest a model in which
generation of sublithospheric diamonds and their inclusions, and the proto-kimberlite magmas, are related genetically, temporally
and geographically to the interaction of subducted lithosphere and a Cretaceous plume. 相似文献
175.
The role of hydrothermal fluids in assisting the activity of strike-slip faults is investigated using a range of new geological, geophysical, and geochemical data obtained on the Argentat fault, Massif Central, France. This fault zone, 180-km-long and 6 to 8 km-width, has experienced coeval intense channeling of hydrothermal fluids and brittle deformation during a short time span (300–295 Ma). According to seismic data, the fault core is a 4-km-wide, vertical zone of high fracture density that rooted in the middle crust (~ 13 km) and that involved fluids in its deeper parts (9–13 km depth). If stress analyses in the fault core and strain analyses in the damage zone both support a left-lateral movement along the fault zone, it is inferred that hydrothermal fluids have strongly influenced fault development, and the resulting fault has influenced fluid flow. Fluid pressure made easier fracturing and faulting in zones of competent rocks units and along rheological boundaries. Repeated cycles of increase of fault-fracture permeability then overpressure of hydrothermal fluids at fault extremity favored strong and fast development of the crustal-scale strike-slip fault. The high permeability obtained along the fault zone permitted a decrease of coupling across the weak fault core. Connections between shallower and lower crustal fluids reservoirs precipitate the decrease of fault activity by quartz precipitation and sulfides deposition. The zones of intense hydrothermal alteration at shallows crustal levels and the zones of fluid overpressure at the base of the upper crust both controlled the final geometry of the crustal-scale fault zone. 相似文献