Preference of echo features for classification of seafloor sediments using neural networks

Selection of a set of dominant echo features to classify seafloor sediments using a multilayer perceptron neural network is investigated at two acoustic frequencies (33 and 210 kHz). Several sets of inputs with different combinations of two, three, four, five, and six echo features are exploited with three-layer neural networks. The performances of the networks are analyzed to assess the most discriminating set of echo features for classification of seafloor sediments. The results of the overall average performances reveal that backscatter strength and time spread are the two most important echo features at 33 kHz, whereas backscatter strength has higher discriminating characteristics at 210 kHz for seafloor sediment classification. In addition, a set of four echo features consisting of backscatter strength, time-spread, statistical skewness, and Hausdroff dimension gives the highest success at both the acoustic frequencies.     

Multielement analysis of deep-sea sediments by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Marine sediments were dissolved by HNO3-HF-HCIO4 in a sealed container at low pressure; I-IF was evaporated in an open container and salts were dissolved in HCl by heating, then transferred to 2% HNO3 solution. A total of 45 elements, including Li, Be, So, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cd, In, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, TI, Pb, Bi, Th and U, were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Condi-tions and sample experiments showed that this procedure defines a good experimental method which has the advantages of clear interference, easy operation and reliable results. The concentrations of the 45 elements could be used for resource exploration, envi-ronmental assessment and academic research.     

赤道海洋波动弱非线性动力学系统浅析

通过对连续层化条件下赤道海洋波动及相关环流特征尺度和物理量的尺度分析,全面分析了赤道海洋波动及其相关环流所属动力学系统的性质。分析结果表明,该系统为以参数ε为表征的弱非线性动力学系统,在此基础上建立了适合描述赤道波非线性效应的动力学模型。     

复方新诺明在鲈鱼体内的药物代谢动力学研究

首次报道了用高效液相色谱法研究鲈鱼口服复方新诺明的药物代谢动力学特征。结果表明 ,鲈鱼单次口服剂量为200×10-6的复方新诺明后 ,其血液药物浓度 时间数据符合一室开放动力学模型。药物代谢动力学参数 :吸收速率常数 (ka)为0.096h -1、达峰时间 (Tmax)为21.479h,峰浓度 (Cmax)为50.768μg/ml、吸收半衰期 (T(1/2)Ka)为7.250h、消除半衰期 (T(1/2)K)为38.299h,药时曲线下面积 (AUC)为4138.400(mg·h)/L。鲈鱼口服药物0.5h后在肌肉、血液、肝脏、肾脏4种组织中就可以检测到药物的存在。药物在16h采样点4种组织里的浓度达最高。药物在肌肉、血液、肝脏中的平均回收率约80%～90 % ,该方法的检测限可达0.05×10-6。     

黄渤海近海海藻养殖规模及固碳强度时空分布

定量研究黄渤海近海大型经济海藻的面积、产量及其固碳能力和空间分布,对海洋牧场建设和海藻固碳强度研究具有重要意义。基于2001—2016年《中国渔业统计年鉴》和2016年《山东渔业统计年鉴》数据,对2001—2015年黄渤海近海和全国近海养殖大型经济海藻的产量、面积及结构进行了对比分析,采用CCI指数计算了黄渤海近海及全国近海大型经济海藻的固碳能力,并分析了2016年山东省养殖海藻的空间分布特征。研究表明:2001—2015年海藻养殖面积、产量整体呈上升趋势,其中全国海藻养殖面积在2005—2007年,产量在2006—2007年出现间断性下降,黄渤海海藻养殖面积在2005—2007年,产量在2001—2003年、2005—2008年出现阶段性下降;黄渤海近海海藻养殖产量占全国近海海藻养殖产量年均约45.53%,固碳总量占全国海藻固碳总量年均约51.75%,其中裙带菜,海带及紫菜为黄渤海海藻养殖的主要经济藻类;以山东省为典型省份的海藻固碳强度在海岸带间表现出明显的空间分布差异,其中威海市荣成区域人工养殖海藻固碳总量最多。     

城中村研究热点及区域差异——基于CiteSpace的文献计量分析

借助可视化工具CiteSpace,以中英文城中村研究文献的关键词为对象进行知识图谱分析,并对我国东、中、西部地区代表性城市城中村研究热点的差异进行深入挖掘。结果表明：“改造”和“住房”是城中村研究绕不开的主题,此领域研究从早期较为重视形成机制和改造模式分析转向对社区治理、社会融合、城市更新等主题的探讨,而在区域层面又呈现差异化的研究倾向,主要包括以北京为代表的人口疏解目标下流动人口聚居区研究、以上海为代表的城市更新背景下社会融合和绅士化研究、以深圳为代表的城市空间重构下制度创新与社区支持研究、以广州为代表的政府主导下多目标可持续研究以及以武汉和西安为代表的城中村改造模式研究。未来城中村研究应树立空间公平的价值取向,强调多元治理的路径选择,重视定量分析的方法创新。在区域扩展上,中西部快速城市化地区潜在的和显现的城中村值得学界关注。     

An analysis of the spectrophotometric and photometric observations of comets 1967II, 1968I, 1968V,and 1968VI

Emission fluxes of CN, C₂ and C₃ carbon-bearing molecular species observed in the coma of comets Rudnicki (1967II), Ikeya-Seki (1968I), Whitaker-Thomas (1968V), and Honda (1968VI) are analysed in the framework of Haser model. CN, C₃ and C₃ production rates are determined using recently derived fluorescence efficiencies. The dependence of CN, C₂ and C₃ production rates on the heliocentric distance and the possible correlations among these radicals is studied. It is shown that comets Ikeya-Seki (1968I) and Honda (1968VI) have the same mean color indices (B-V) and (U-B).     

Modulation of ionospheric conductivities during high-power wave propagation

Enhancement of conductivity tensor modification within the ionospheric plasma by electron density modulation through the temperature dependence of the recombination rates of different ionspecies caused due to electron temperature modulation during high-power wave propagation is studied. Variation of Hall and Pedersen conductivities of the ionosphere has been investigated in the height range between 85 km to 250 km. The generation of waves at the modulation frequency and its harmonics in the ELF, VLF bands in the process is discussed.