基于二维小波变换的FMI图象分割

为了从FMI资料中定量提取参数，一个重要的步骤是从实际FMI资料中分离出反映溶孔、溶洞、裂缝的子图像。本文给出的方法，考虑图像像元邻域的特征，应用二维小波变换求出目标与背景边缘的点集，按这个边缘点集的坐标点所对应的原图像像素灰度值的平均值作为分割阈值进行图像分割。实际资料处理表明，应用这种方法可以从实际的FMI资料中准确地分割出孔洞、裂缝的子图像并且可以按深度段连续自动处理，为后续定量计算参数奠定了良好基础。     

Assessing the Comparability of Ammonium,Nitrate and Sulfate Concentrations Measured by Three Air Quality Monitoring Networks

Airborne fine particulate matter across the United States is monitored by different networks, the three prevalent ones presently being the Clean Air Status and Trend Network (CASTNet), the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environment Network (IMPROVE) and the Speciation and Trend Network (STN). If combined, these three networks provide speciated fine particulate data at several hundred locations throughout the United States. Yet, differences in sampling protocols and samples handling may not allow their joint use. With these concerns in mind, the objective of this study is to assess the spatial and temporal comparability of the sulfate, nitrate and ammonium concentrations reported by each of these networks. One of the major differences between networks is the sampling frequency they adopted. While CASTNet measures pollution levels on seven-day integrated samples, STN and IMPROVE data pertain to 24-hour samples collected every three days. STN and IMPROVE data therefore exhibit considerably more short-term variability than their CASTNet counterpart. We show that, despite their apparent incongruity, averaging the data with a window size of four to six weeks is sufficient to remove the effects of differences in sampling frequency and duration and allow meaningful comparison of the signals reported by the three networks of concern. After averaging, all the sulfate and, to a lesser degree, ammonium concentrations reported are fairly similar. Nitrate concentrations, on the other hand, are still divergent. We speculate that this divergence originates from the different types of filters used to collect particulate nitrate. Finally, using a rotated principal component technique (RPCA), we determined the number and the geographical organization of the significant temporal modes of variation (clusters) detected by each network for the three pollutants of interest. For sulfate and ammonium, the clusters’ geographical boundaries established for each network and the modes of variations within each cluster seem to correspond. RPCA erformed on nitrate concentrations revealed that, for the CASTNet and IMPROVE networks, the modes of variation do not correspond to unified geographical regions but are found more sporadically. For STN, the clustered areas are unified and easily delineable. We conclude that the possibility of jointly using the data collected by CASTNet, IMPROVE and STN has to be weighed pollutant by pollutant. While sulfate and ammonium data show some potential for joint use, at this point, combining the nitrate data from these monitoring networks may not be a judicious choice.     

物理量场配置对豫中地区暴雨落区的影响分析

利用常规探空和地面观测资料以及NCEP 1°×1°6 h再分析资料,对2007年7月4-6日发生在河南中部的一次暴雨过程的环流背景和物理量场进行了诊断分析,重点分析了物理量场配置对豫中地区暴雨落区的影响.结果表明:稳定的西太平洋副热带高压、对流层中层低槽和低空切变线是造成这次暴雨过程的主要影响系统;低空西南急流为强降水的发生提供了充沛的水汽和不稳定能量,暴雨区位于急流出口区北侧,南风分量对降水强度的影响较大;深厚的中低层气旋性辐合、高层反气旋辐散触发了不稳定能量的快速释放;强降水落区与深厚的上升运动有着较好的对应关系.     

改进的能量守恒方法及其在CHAMP重力场恢复中的应用

An efficient method for gravity field determination from CHAMP orbits and accelerometer data is referred to as the energy balance approach. A new CHAMP gravity field recovery strategy based on the improved energy balance approach IS developed in this paper. The method simultaneously solves the spherical harmonic coefficients, daily Integration constant, scale and bias parameters. Two 60 degree and order gravitational potential models, XISM-CHAMPO1S from the classical energy balance approach, and XISM-CHAMPO2S from the improved energy balance, are determined using about one year＇s worth of CHAMP kinematic orbits from TUM and accelerometer data from GFZ. Comparisons among XISM-CHAMPO1S, XISM-CHAMPO2S, EIGEN-CGO3C, EIGEN-CHAMPO3S, EIGEN2, ENIGNIS and EGM96 are made. The results show that the XISM-CHAMPO2S model is more accurate than EGM96, EIGENIS, EIGEN2 and XISM-CHAMPO1S at the same degree and order, and has almost the same accuracy as EIGEN-CHAMPO3S.     

基于交互多模型的水下目标跟踪方法

According to the requirements of real-time performance and reliability in underwater maneuvering target tracking as well as clarifying motion features of the underwater target, an interacting multiple model algorithm based on fuzzy logic inference （FIMM） is proposed. Maneuvering patterns of the target are represented by model sets, including the constant velocity model （CA）, the Singer mode~, and the nearly constant speed horizontal-turn model （HT） in FIMM technology. The simulation results show that compared to conventional IMM, the reliability and real-time performance of underwater target tracking can be improved by FIMM algorithm.     

近30年来深圳河网变化及其生态效应分析

在地形图、河道普查数据、遥感影像等多源数据支持下, 分析了深圳近30 年河网的时空变化规律及其与城市化水平的关系, 在此基础上通过分析植被盖度、生产有机物质的价值、生态系统服务价值、生态资产等指标的变化规律探讨了深圳观澜河流域河网变化的生态效应。 结果表明: (1) 近30 年深圳市河网结构趋于简单化、主干化, 河流支流发展受到较大限制; 河网总长度减少355.4 km, 总条数减少378 条, 河网密度从0.84 km/km² 降低到0.65 km/km²; 以区/ 街道办驻地为圆心, 半径为1-2 km 的圆环区成为河网萎缩、河网消失的主要 区域; 依据流域城市化水平和河流主干是否直接入海等2 个指标可将深圳市9 大流域/ 水系 分为4 种不同的河网变化类型; (2) 当城市化水平低于30%时, 城镇用地扩展与河网萎缩, 尤其是河网支流的萎缩存在显著相关; 当城市化水平大于30%时, 城镇用地扩展对河网的影响较小; (3) 2000-2005 年观澜河流域生态系统功能显著降低, 以生产有机物质价值降低幅度最 大(41%), 植被盖度次之(24%), 单位面积生态资产从2.79 元/m² 降低到2.34 元/m², 总生态 资产减少3136 万元; (4) 河网变化和城市化成为影响生态系统功能的主要因素, 其中河网变化因素和城市化因素对植被盖度降低的贡献率分别为23.1%和35.8%, 对生产有机物质价值减少的贡献率分别为25.1%和32.7%, 对生态系统服务价值减少的贡献率分别为7.7%和 56.2%, 对生态资产减少的贡献率分别为10.6%和52.2%。     

Timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846-031 with insight-HXMT monitoring

We present the observational results from a detailed timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846-031 during its outburst in 2019 with the observations ...     

山东省地震台网中心网站建设

主要介绍了山东省地震中心网站的页面栏目设计和页面具体内容,介绍了网站的具体功能,以及网站制作的技术与方法,通过访问该网站可以了解到山东省地震台网中心的各种信息,并且能够查询到山东省2002年以来大于2.0级的地震.     

Control strategies and experimental verifications of the electromagnetic mass damper system for structural vibration control

The electromagnetic mass damper （EMD） control system, as an innovative active control system to reduce structural vibration, offers many advantages over traditional active mass driver/damper （AMD） control systems. In this paper, studies of several EMD control strategies and bench-scale shaking table tests of a two-story model structure are described. First, two structural models corresponding to uncontrolled and Zeroed cases are developed, and parameters of these models are validated through sinusoidal sweep tests to provide a basis for establishing an accurate mathematical model for further studies. Then, a simplified control strategy for the EMD system based on the pole assignment control algorithm is proposed. Moreover, ideal pole locations are derived and validated through a series of shaking table tests. Finally, three benchmark earthquake ground motions and sinusoidal sweep waves are imposed onto the structure to investigate the effectiveness and feasibility of using this type of innovative active control system for structural vibration control. In addition, the robustness of the EMD system is examined. The test results show that the EMD system is an effective and robust system for the control of structural vibrations.     

Building damage in Dujiangyan during Wenchuan Earthquake

A field damage survey of 1,005 buildings damaged by the Wenchuan Earthquake in Dujiangyan City was carried out and the resulting data was analyzed using the statistical method. It is shown that buildings that were seismically designed achieved the desired seismic fortification target; they sustained less damage than the non-seismically designed buildings. Among the seismically designed buildings investigated, RC frame buildings performed the best in terms of seismic resistance. Masonry buildings with a ground story of RC frame structure were the second best, and masonry buildings performed the worst. Considering building height, multistory buildings sustained more severe damage than high-rise buildings and 2- and 3-story buildings. Compared to residential buildings, public buildings, such as schools and hospitals, suffered more severe damage.