数据银行技术在物探数据管理中的应用现状

随着石油勘探开发的发展,要求人们从大量的新、旧资料中快速获取有用的信息.数据银行技术给用户提供了一个高性能的存贮管理系统,提供更安全的快速联机访问,可以大幅度降低存贮、维护资料成本,节省寻找资料时间,帮助地学家更好地作出决策.它提供了一个经济而有竞争力的服务.本文对数据银行技术的有关方面进行了简要的综述.     

Evaluation of diffuse and preferential flow pathways of infiltrated precipitation and irrigation using oxygen and hydrogen isotopes

Subsurface-water flow pathways in three different land-use areas (non-irrigated grassland, poplar forest, and irrigated arable land) in the central North China Plain were investigated using oxygen (¹⁸O) and hydrogen (²H) isotopes in samples of precipitation, soils, and groundwater. Soil water in the top 10 cm was significantly affected by both evaporation and infiltration. Water at 10–40 cm depth in the grassland and arable land, and 10–60 cm in poplar forest, showed a relatively short residence time, as a substantial proportion of antecedent soil water was mixed with a 92-mm storm infiltration event, whereas below those depths (down to 150 cm), depleted δ¹⁸O spikes suggested that some storm water bypassed the shallow soil layers. Significant differences, in soil-water content and δ¹⁸O values, within a small area, suggested that the proportion of immobile soil water and water flowing in subsurface pathways varies depending on local vegetation cover, soil characteristics and irrigation applications. Soil-water δ¹⁸O values revealed that preferential flow and diffuse flow coexist. Preferential flow was active within the root zone, independent of antecedent soil-water content, in both poplar forest and arable land, whereas diffuse flow was observed in grassland. The depleted δ¹⁸O spikes at 20–50 cm depth in the arable land suggested the infiltration of irrigation water during the dry season. Temporal isotopic variations in precipitation were subdued in the shallow groundwater, suggesting more complete mixing of different input waters in the unsaturated zone before reaching the shallow groundwater.

     

大营子蚀变岩型金矿床地质特征及控矿因素的研究

大营子蚀变岩型金矿主档是冀北地区新发现的一种金矿类型。矿体赋存于太古代角闪角变质岩系，特别是变质闪长岩体周边及内侧，受ＮＥ、ＮＮＥ向剪切破碎带控制，常在其傍侧断裂形成羽状矿脉。     

赤峰—朝阳地区金矿成矿物理化学条件研究

系统论述了区内各大类金矿的成矿温度，成矿压力，各种气体的逸度、ｐＨ值，金离子及其配合物的活度，讨论了金的迁移形式，推测了区内各类矿液中金的沉淀机制。     

The geological background of the May 12, 2008 Ms 8.0 Wenchuan catastrophic earthquake,Longmen Shan,Western China

The Longmen Shan fault zone is located at the particular boundary between the Triassic Songpan-Ganzi orogen of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the stable Sichuan basin of the Yangtze platform. There are four major active faults and three tectonic nappes in this region. According to an analysis of neotectonics and historical earthquakes, the Longmen Shan fault zone presents a high level of seismic hazard. The rupture system that hosted the Wenchuan earthquake is characterized by thrust and dextral strike-slip movement.     

Experimental study on the deterioration and natural remediation of the Ariake Sea tidal mud caused by the sea laver treatment acid practice and the upward seepage of pore water liquid

This study presents a laboratory study of the following two aspects: (1) the influence of sea laver treatment acid on the geoenvironmental properties of Ariake Sea tidal mud, and (2) the natural remediation effect on the sea laver treatment acid contaminated Ariake Sea tidal mud caused by the upward seepage of pore water liquid in the mud. Firstly, the mechanisms of the transport of sea laver treatment acid in the Ariake Sea tidal mud and the generation mechanisms of the upward seepage flow in the Ariake Sea tidal mud are discussed. Secondly, a series of one-dimensional laboratory infiltration tests were carried out to investigate the deterioration of the Ariake Sea tidal mud caused by the sea laver acid treatment practice. Test results reveal that the acid treatment practice caused considerable change in the geochemical properties of the mud in terms of increase in sulfide content and decrease in pH value. After the treatment by the sea laver treatment acid, the sulfide content of the mud even exceeded the safe limit value for the benthos, which represents undesirable living condition for benthos. Thirdly, series of laboratory fresh seawater infiltration tests for the deteriorated Iida site mud were conducted to illustrate this natural remediation efficiency. It is found that with the infiltration of the fresh seawater, the sulfide content of the Iida site mud was considerably reduced and pH value increased to an acceptable range for benthos living in the tidal flat mud. With the increase in the infiltration time and the hydraulic gradient, the remediation efficiency could be increased.     

“含煤系统”地质要素分析及描述

在构建＂含煤系统＂及子系统的基础上,分析了＂含煤系统＂的主要地质要素以及＂含煤系统＂中各地质作用类型。研究表明：＂含煤系统＂的构建关键是系统边界的确定,由于＂含煤系统＂具有特定的地区、地层与时代范围,因此可以通过研究煤系形成时代、展布范围等基本地质要素进行分类和描述。     

我国南方主要锰矿找矿远景区内弧形构造带特征及其找矿预测

我国南方主要锰矿找矿远景区中,大多发育由锰矿控矿褶皱、破矿断裂为主组成的控矿弧形构造带,为逆冲-推覆（重力滑覆）褶断构造带,其低角度的叠瓦状逆冲断层、双重逆冲构造常常造成含锰岩系地层的多次上、下重叠,较多较好地保存了原生锰矿层,但有些破矿断层将含锰岩系错断至深部,被保存下来成为隐伏矿。本文综合归纳逆冲推覆（重力滑覆）构造特征及控矿特征;研究了分布在湘西-滇东一带的湘黔渝毗连区、湘中、黔东南-湘西南、桂中、湘中南、桂西南、滇东南等主要锰矿找矿远景区中发育的弧形逆冲推覆（重力滑覆）构造带特征;对湘西-滇东地区发育的6个主要锰矿找矿远景区内弧形构造带进行了找矿预测,圈定找矿靶区50余处,预测锰矿石资源量26亿吨,为未来锰矿深地探测及资源基地综合调查评价提供新的找矿思路及调查评价方向。     

四川赤普铅锌矿床含矿岩系的研究及在找矿评价中的意义

赤普铅锌矿床含矿岩系为上震旦统灯影组海相碳酸盐岩系，含矿岩石主要为一套砾屑白云岩。本文详细地讨论了该矿床含矿岩系的岩相、岩性及其含矿性等特征，并划分了含矿层位；为矿区扩大找矿远景和评价提出了理论依据。