基于我国首颗全极化雷达卫星高分三号(GF-3)和Landsat8数据,研究浓密植被覆盖地表土壤水分反演方法。为了提高浓密植被覆盖地表土壤水分反演精度,首先利用PROSAIL模型、实测植被参数及Landsat8光学数据分析了8种植被指数与植被冠层含水量的相关性,从中优选出归一化差异水指数(NDWI5)用于反演植被冠层含水量,并通过分析植被含水量和植被冠层含水量的关系,构建植被含水量模型;然后结合植被含水量反演模型和简化MIMICS模型校正了植被对雷达后向散射系数的影响,最后基于AIEM建立裸土后向散射系数模拟数据集,发展一种主动微波和光学数据协同反演浓密植被覆盖地表土壤水分模型,并以山东省禹城市为研究区,实现了玉米覆盖下HH、VV和HH+VV 3种模式土壤水分反演。实验结果表明: ① NDWI5为最佳植被指数,对于去除植被影响有较好效果;② 基于此方法,利用GF-3和Landsat8卫星数据反演得到的土壤水分具有较高的精度;③ 相比HH和VV两种极化模式,HH+VV双通道模式对土壤水分反演结果更好,决定系数(R2)为0.4037,均方根误差(RMSE)为0.0667 m 3m -3。 相似文献
The distribution of borehole temperature at four high-altitude alpine glaciers was investigated. The result shows that the temperature ranges from -13.4℃ to -1.84℃, indicating the glaciers are cold throughout the boreholes. The negative gradient (i.e., the temperature decreasing with the increasing of depth) due to the advection of ice and climate warming, and the negative gradient moving downwards relates to climate warming, are probably responsible for the observed minimum temperature moving to lower depth in boreholes of the Gyabrag glacier and Miaoergou glacier compared to the previously investigated continental ice core borehole temperature in West China. The borehole temperature at 10m depth ranges from -8.0℃ in the Gyabrag glacier in the central Himalayas to -12.9℃ in the Tsabagarav glacier in the Altai range. The borehole temperature at 10 m depth is 3-4 degrees higher than the calculated mean annual air temperature on the surface of the glaciers and the higher 10 m depth temperature is mainly caused by the production of latent heat due to melt-water percolation and refreezing. The basal temperature is far below the melting point, indicating that the glaciers are frozen to bedrock. The very low temperature gradients near the bedrock suggest that the influence of geothermal flux and ice flow on basal temperature is very weak. The low temperature and small velocity of ice flow of glaciers are beneficial for preservation of the chemical and isotopic information in ice cores. 相似文献
Improving the engineering properties of low-strength soft clay in an environmentally friendly way becomes a challenge in coastal areas. Conventional ground treatment techniques for marine clay using cement can cause significant environmental pollution. In this study, the potential use of industrial waste residue-based binder (IWRB), a silicate-based chemical modified by a powdery polymer, as a substitute for Portland cement (PC) is investigated. Collected marine clay was treated with various IWRB-to-PC ratios (0:8, 4:4, 2:6 and 8:0 wt. %) to measure the mechanical properties, through unconfined compression (UC) test and one-dimensional consolidation (ODC) test, and the microstructural and mineralogical characters, through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The strength and the deformation of specimens treated with mixed IWRB and PC in a ratio of 1:1 were similar to those improved with PC alone, but the toughness was significantly improved. The microstructural results demonstrated that the cementitious compounds (C–S–H and C–A–S–H) increased significantly in the early curing stage of marine clay treated with IWRB, contributing to the improvement of mechanical properties. It is suggested that IWRB can be an effective substitute for PC to reduce the cost and environmental pollution.