Site selection for offshore facilities

A simplified input-output process is used to describe the end-members of two methods of site selection: one in which the structure controls the site and the other in which the site controls the structure. Most site selection processes are combinations of these two methods. Factors ranging from atmospheric, oceanic, and seafloor conditions to marine biota, constructional, and political-demographic-geographic are tabulated to show the variety that may be considered in the site selection process. The bathymetric, geological-geophysical, and geotechnical components of siting surveys are reviewed, together with location control. The state-of-the-art of siting all kinds of structures on the continental margins and deepsea floor beyond the continental margin could be improved in almost all areas to increase the reliability of operations at sea and to decrease costs.     

复杂多通道带乘性噪声系统的最优固定域平滑算法

研究 1种在更弱的乘性噪声限制条件下系统的状态最优估计算法。在最优滤波算法的基础上 ,进一步给出了在线性最小方差意义下最优的固定域平滑算法。针对该算法所进行的仿真研究已表明该算法的有效性     

我国“海洋1”号卫星(HY-1)CCD图像数据定量化条带消除研究

条带(striping)对于大量的航天和航空传感器来说是一种普遍存在的现象,任何使用多个探测器进行数据获取的遥感器图像数据中均存在条带.目前消除条带的算法主要是针对光机扫描仪,对于CCD相机工作做得比较少.针对HY-1CCD线阵推扫式多光谱相机的特点,以及发射前辐射定标的结果,对遥感器图像数据中的条带问题进行了预研,提出了一种定量化的消条带算法.该方法根据卫星数据特性求出各探测器间的均衡化曲线以反映探测器之间的差异,并据此来消除条带.实验结果表明该方法能够有效解决CCD相机的条带问题,而且可以保持数据原有的物理意义,并可与在轨辐射校正衔接,保证发射前后定标算法的一致性.     

大亚湾大鹏澳水体石油烃含量变化及其与环境因子的关系

根据对该水体中石油烃及各种环境因子DO、COD、BOD5、DIP、DIN、Chl-a含量的测定结果，描述了石油烃的分布特征讨论了环境因子和石油烃含量之间的关系，结果表明，石油烃的含量在海域中呈现出由湾内向湾外逐渐降低的趋势，且环境因子和石油烃含量之间存在着一定的线性关系。     

中国对虾微卫星DNA的筛选

于2000年2月以中国科学院海洋研究所水族楼暂养的中国虾对材料，采用常规方法从尾部肌肉中提取DNA，构建小片段部分基因组文章，采用人工设计合成的（CT）7，（AT）7重复征段作引物，利用RCR法对中国对虾小片段部分基因组文库进行筛,一实验首冼 对中国对虾中获得31个微卫星序列，分别分析于18个阳性重组克隆中，其中perfect共23个，占74％，imperfect2个，占7％，compound perfect1个，占3％，compound imperfect5个，占16％，结果还表明，在中国对虾基因组DNA中，（CT）n,(AT)n)形式的微卫星序列的含量非常丰富。     

红树植物拟海桑钙调蛋白基因的克隆及分析

钙调蛋白（Calmodulin)是生物细胞内一种重要的调控蛋白，通过其与靶酶的相互作用控制细胞正常的生长和发育，作者以高抗盐红树植物海桑属拟海桑（Sonnera-tia paracasolaris)总DNA为模板，参考GenBank上植物钙调蛋白基因序列合成5′端和3′端引物，利用多聚酶链式反应（PCR）扩增了拟海桑钙调蛋白基因，与克隆载体pBsk( )重组，转化Escherichia coliDH5α得到重组克隆子，DNA序列分析表明，所得片段的编码区在核苷酸序列上与迄今已知的几种植物钙调蛋白基因有很高的同源惺 ，同源率在85%以上；与水稻、苹果，衣藻等相似，其基因编码区被一个位于第75位核苷酸之后的内含子所中断。     

四烷铵络合碘对球形棕囊藻去除作用的研究

研究了四烷铵络合碘对赤潮生物球形棕囊藻Phaeochystis globosa的灭杀和控制作用。结果表明,四烷铵络合碘对球形棕囊藻具有明显的抑制和杀灭作用。当藻细胞起始密度为1.5×106cells.ml-1时,低于15 mg.L-1的四烷铵络合碘溶液对球形棕囊藻生长有一定的抑制作用,高于25 mg.L-1的四烷铵络合碘溶液对球形棕囊藻有显著的杀灭作用。四烷铵络合碘具有高效、低毒、药效期长等优点,可能是一种较理想的除藻剂。     

Separating climate change and human contributions to variations in streamflow and its components using eight time‐trend methods

Separating impacts of human activities and climate change on hydrology is essential for watershed and ecosystem management. Many previous studies have focused on the impacts on total streamflow, however, with little attentions paid to its components (i.e., baseflow and surface run‐off). This study distinguished the contributions of climate change and human activities to the variations in streamflow, baseflow, and surface run‐off in the upstream area of the Heihe River Basin, a typical inland river basin in northwest China, by using eight different forms of time‐trend methods. The isolated contributions to streamflow variation were also compared with those obtained by two Budyko‐based approaches. Our results showed that the time‐trend methods consistently estimated positive contributions of climate variability and human activities to the increases in streamflow and its components but with obviously varying magnitudes. With regard to streamflow, the time‐trend method double‐mass‐curve–Wei, with a physical basis, produced a reasonable smaller contribution of human activities than climate changes, inconsistent with the Budyko‐based approaches. However, all the other time‐trend methods led to contrary results. The contributions to baseflow variation diverged more significantly than those to streamflow and surface run‐off, ranging from 24% to 92% for human activities and from 8% to 76% for climate variability. In terms of surface run‐off, most of the time‐trend approaches produced smaller contributions of human activities (ranging from 21% to 49%) than climate change. The uncertainties associated with the various time‐trend approaches and the baseflow separation algorithm were revealed and discussed, along with some recommendations for future work.     

Excel在形变观测数据处理中的应用

利用Excel的数据处理功能以及自带的"Visual Basic "语言进行二次开发,然后以宏的形式连接在Excel界面上,实现了形变观测数据的处理.     

Diagenesis of Paleogene sandstone from Kong 1 Member of Southern Kongdian in Huanghua depression

Huanghua depression is one of the richest areas in petroleum and natural gas in China.The Paleogene mainly consists of sandstone with facies of river,delta,fan delta and littoral-shallow lacustrine.Diagenesis played an important role in the properties of reservoir rocks.Applying X-ray diffraction,on the basis of analyzing many cores and thin sections,the authors studied diagenesis of Paleogene sandstone reservoir rocks in kong1 Menber of southern Kongdian in Huanghua depression.Diagenetic complexity shows that the sandstone in this area underwent compaction,cementation,isolation,recrystallization during the burying of sediments,and the first three compose the major diagenesis.The compaction and cementation led to decreasing porosity,and the solution of unsteady minerals also results in increasing in porosity.