Studies on the eggs and larvae,ofSardinella aurita (Cuv. & Val.) in the fishing grounds of Southern Fujian and the Taiwan Bank

In this paper, the morphological characters of eggs and larvae ofSardinella aurita (Cuvier & Valenciennes), its spawning ground, spawning seasons and spawning conditions have been studied. Sardinella aurita likes to breed in the upwelling area and selects the Waixie fishing ground as its main spawning ground. The months from February to September are its spawning seasons, reaching its peak in April. In the main spawning ground, the temperature of the surface layer was found to be 24.4–25.2°C, the salinity 33.87–34.07%. and the depth of water between 34–60m. The distribution of the larvae is closely related to the distribution of plankton, the path of migration of adult fish, and the current direction of the water system. In order to protect fishery resources, it is necessary to prohibit catching the spawning fish in the Waixie fishing ground in April, and the catching of immatures from March to June. This paper was published in Chinese inOcean. Limn. Sinica 14(3): 240–248, 1983.     

HSDPA技术中HARQ协议分析

针对HSDPA的目标,围绕HARQ技术进行研究,给出了N信道停等协议的性能分析及操作原理说明.结论是SAWARQ操作机制简单、信令开销少.而且通过增加并行操作的子信道数,可以做到提高吞吐量,减少传输时延的作用,同时还能降低接收端对缓冲容量的要求.     

Evidence of Traveling Waves in Filament Threads

High-resolution Hα filtergrams (0.2″) obtained with the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope resolve numerous very thin, thread-like structures in solar filaments. The threads are believed to represent thin magnetic flux tubes that must be longer than the observable threads. We report on evidence for small-amplitude (1 – 2 km s⁻¹) waves propagating along a number of threads with an average phase velocity of 12 km s⁻¹ and a wavelength of 4″. The oscillatory period of individual threads vary from 3 to 9 minutes. Temporal variation of the Doppler velocities averaged over a small area containing a number of individual threads shows a short-period (3.6 minutes) wave pattern. These short-period oscillations could possibly represent fast modes in accordance with numerical fibril models proposed by Díaz et al. (Astron. Astrophys. 379, 1083, 2001). In some cases, it is clear that the propagating waves are moving in the same direction as the mass flows.     

Crytic period analysis model of hydrological process and its application

It is difficult to analyse the crytic period of the hydrological process, because hydrological time series is probably characterized by heteroscedasticity. To find out the crytic period, a model is constructed as follows: (1) after using zero‐mean transformation for the data, to do Augmented Dickey–Fuller stationary test for the sequence, to build the corresponding AR(p) model and then to do ARCH effects test and white noise test for residual series; (2) for those time series that cannot pass through ARCH test, using logarithm transformation to reduce the heteroscedasticity, and then to redo step (1) until they pass through ARCH test and stationary test; (3) using periodogram analysis to determine all the possible the prime periods and further to put forward three kinds of tests to determine significance level of those prime periods. As examples, the hydrological processes of streamflow from 1784 to 1997 for the gauging stations of Alaer and Xinquman along Tarim River are analysed. After reducing their heteroscedasticity, AR(4) and AR(2) models are developed, respectively. Our results show that the streamflows from the two gauging stations have the same cryptic period of 42·7 years. Furthermore, the reliability for the crytic period model is testified by variance analysis, which shows that the crytic period model is useful and reliable. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Impacts of salinity parameterizations on temperature simulation over and in a hypersaline lake

In this paper,we introduced parameterizations of the salinity effects(on heat capacity,thermal conductivity,freezing point and saturated vapor pressure) in a lake scheme integrated in the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Community Land Model(WRF-CLM). This was done to improve temperature simulation over and in a saline lake and to test the contributions of salinity effects on various water properties via sensitivity experiments. The modified lake scheme consists of the lake module in the CLM model,which is the land component of the WRF-CLM model. The Great Salt Lake(GSL) in the USA was selected as the study area. The simulation was performed from September 3,2001 to September 30,2002. Our results show that the modif ied WRF-CLM model that includes the lake scheme considering salinity effects can reasonably simulate temperature over and in the GSL. This model had much greater accuracy than neglecting salinity effects,particularly in a very cold event when that effect alters the freezing point. The salinity effect on saturated vapor pressure can reduce latent heat flux over the lake and make it slightly warmer. The salinity effect on heat capacity can also make lake temperature prone to changes. However,the salinity effect on thermal conductivity was found insignificant in our simulations.     

水杨酸对蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa) 生长及抗逆相关基因的影响

以蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)为研究对象, 首先克隆了热激蛋白70(HSP70)和磷 酸甘油酸激酶(PGK)基因全长序列, 然后研究了0-20μg/mL 水杨酸对高温胁迫下HSP70 和PGK 基 因表达, 以及蛋白核小球藻生长、可溶性糖和蛋白含量的影响。结果获得了蛋白核小球藻HSP70 基 因的cDNA 序列2405 bp, 包括60 bp 的5'-非编码区(UTR)、1959 bp 的开放阅读框(ORF)和386 bp 的3'-UTR 和PGK 基因的cDNA 序列1664 bp, 包括35 bp 的5'-UTR, 1398 bp ORF 和231 bp 3'-UTR. 序列比较和分析表明该蛋白核小球藻HSP70 序列与其它绿藻的同源性高达83%-91%, PGK 为 70%-75%.荧光定量PCR 结果显示随着水杨酸浓度的增加, HSP70 和PGK 的表达量在12h 和24h 均有所增加, 而在10 μg/mL 水杨酸浓度下表达量最大, 12h 时分别为对照组的2.57 倍和1.56 倍, 24h 则为1.71 倍和1.79 倍。1-20μg/mL 水杨酸可促进该藻的比生长速率、可溶性糖和蛋白含量的升高。 本文结果表明一定浓度水杨酸对高温胁迫蛋白核小球藻有缓解作用, 且5 和10 μg/mL 水杨酸的效果 最显著。     

我国海洋底栖猛水蚤目两个新记录种

通过对2008 年5 月在江苏平岛潮间带采集的砂质沉积物进行离心提取, 经形态分类学方法 鉴定发现底栖猛水蚤目两个新记录种, 濑户叶足猛水蚤Phyllopodopsyllus setouchiensis Kitazima, 1981 和扎哈美猛水蚤 Ameira zahaae Karanovic & Cho, 2012, 分别隶属于矩头猛水蚤科 Tetragonicipitidae Lang, 1948 和美猛水蚤科 Ameiridae Boeck, 1865.其中, 濑户叶足猛水蚤目前仅在 砂质潮间带环境中发现。扎哈美猛水蚤与韩国海域发现的种形态基本一致。     

HY-2A卫星雷达高度计数据的全球统计评价及质量分析

自HY-2A卫星发射以来,针对HY-2A卫星雷达高度计产品的交叉定标、真实性检验及质量评估工作一直在持续开展。本文主要以HY-2A卫星高度计第44周期的IGDR产品数据为例,通过使用全球分布图、二维直方图和每日均值统计的方法完成了与Jason-2IGDR产品的比对验证,同时对主要环境校正参数及地球物理产品的数据质量稳定性进行了分析,结果显示高度计产品数据质量较稳定,此外利用HY-2A卫星升降轨交叉点海面高度差、与Jason-2卫星交叉点海面高度差以及沿轨海平面异常数据分析的方法进行了HY-2A卫星高度计观测系统的性能评估,结果显示,HY-2A卫星海面高度精度约为7.48cm,精度接近Jason-2,能满足海洋应用与科学研究的需要。     

北冰洋楚科奇海浮游细菌丰度和生产力及其分布特征

2012年夏季中国第5次北极科学考察期间,对北冰洋楚科奇海及其北部边缘海浮游细菌丰度和生产力进行了测定,并将其与环境因子进行了相关性分析。结果显示,楚科奇海浮游细菌丰度的变化范围为0.56×108~6.41×108 cells/dm3,平均为2.25×108 cells/dm3;细菌生产力介于0.042~1.92mg/(m3·d)(以碳计)之间,平均为0.54mg/(m3·d)(以碳计),与已有研究结果基本相当。陆架区细菌丰度和生产力要明显高于北部边缘区,但前者的单位细菌生产力则较低。与环境因子的相关性分析显示,细菌丰度与温度和叶绿素a浓度存在显著正相关(p0.01),表明北极变暖导致的海水升温及浮游植物生物量的增加均会促进细菌的生长,从而进一步提高细菌在海洋生态系统和碳循环中的作用。但陆架区的细菌生产力与环境参数均没有显著相关性,表明其影响因素较为复杂;生产力在北部边缘区则仅与叶绿素a存在显著正相关(p0.01),表明浮游植物生长过程产生的溶解有机碳(DOC)是细菌生长最为主要的碳源,碳源的单一可能制约细菌的生产从而导致该海域无冰状态下细菌丰度的增加不如预期,但融冰过程带来的大量DOC将促进细菌活性的增加。     

长江口九段沙潮沟系统分维研究

以长江口九段沙为研究区,采用2013年8月13日的Landsat-8遥感全色波段得到的九段沙潮沟分布图,利用Horton-Strahler原则将九段沙潮沟进行了分级。然后使用网格法对各个等级的潮沟进行了分维研究,计算了九段沙不同等级的每个潮沟左右两侧的维数值,并结合潮沟的宽度大小,对其维数值进行了比较和分析。研究结果表明,九段沙相同等级潮沟中,潮沟左侧维数的变化范围大于右侧,即潮沟左侧发育的复杂程度大于右侧;不同等级潮沟宽度的最小值变化幅度不大,但潮沟宽度的最大值变化幅度较大;不同等级潮沟宽度的变化和其潮沟左右两侧维数差值变化的相关性较小;不同等级潮沟,无论左侧还是右侧,潮沟维数大小随着潮沟的等级数和潮沟的平均宽度的增大而增大。