三肇凹陷东部姚家组一段物源体系分析

三肇凹陷东部姚家组一段葡萄花油层为本区主要储层和含油层位,也是区内目前增储上产的重要目的层。储层的分布与物源有密切的联系,物源体系分析是油气勘探的一项重要工作。本文通过岩心观察描述以及分析化验资料的综合研究,从重矿物组合、ZTR指数变化特征、泥岩颜色区域分布以及砂体展布特征等方面对物源方向进行了分析,确定了三肇凹陷东部姚家组一段葡萄花油层物源体系,并对每个物源的影响范围和强度变化进行了综合分析和厘定,为下一步沉积体系的精细研究和储层预测奠定了基础。     

青海五龙沟地区1:5万遥感信息找矿勘查与靶区预测研究

在青海五龙沟地区开展15万遥感信息找矿勘查与靶区预测研究,是以矿化蚀变的遥感异常提取为主线,结合成矿源场、成矿位场遥感信息的解译,通过遥感与地质、矿产、化探等多源信息的空间集成和综合分析,进行15万遥感岩石地层-构造-蚀变岩填编图与遥感找矿预测,优选出了13处新的找矿靶区.经有关地勘单位野外实地检查,取得了很好的应用效果,并证明了该方法的有效性.     

Lateral extrusion along the Altyn Tagh Fault,Qilian Shan (NE Tibet): insight from a 3D crustal budget

The lithospheric strike‐slip Altyn Tagh Fault has accommodated hundreds of kilometres of displacement between the Qaidam and Tarim blocks since its Eocene reactivation. However, the way the deformation is accommodated in the Qilian Shan and further east remains uncertain. Based on 360 km of north‐eastward migration of the relatively rigid Qaidam block along the Altyn Tagh Fault and 3D isovolumetric balancing of the crustal deformation within the Altyn Tagh Fault–Qilian Shan system, we demonstrate that 250 ± 28 km (43.8–49.4%) of N20E directed crustal shortening and an additional ~250–370 km of eastward motion of the Qilian Shan crust must be accounted for by strike‐slip faulting in the Qilian Shan and crustal thickening in the Qinling area, as well as by extension in the adjoining North China block graben systems.     

花鲈和鲈鱼群体的遗传分化研究

利用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)技术对3个中国花鲈(Lateolabrax maculatus)群体(威海,舟山和北海)和4个日本鲈鱼(L.japonicus)群体(东京湾、山口、有明海和八代海)进行了遗传分化研究。18条随机引物在7个群体中共扩增出159条谱带,其中多态性谱带133条(83.65%)。花鲈和鲈鱼群体间的平均等位基因数和平均有效等位基因数分别为1.836 5和1.524 2,Nei’s多样性指数和Shannon多样性信息指数分别为0.3075和0.4586。花鲈和鲈鱼群体内的遗传多样性分别为0.3156~0.3669和0.2982~0.5150。UPGMA聚类分析显示,舟山、威海和北海3个花鲈群体亲缘关系较近并形成一分支,而日本有明海与八代海的鲈鱼群体同花鲈关系较远,它们与另2个鲈鱼群体(东京湾和山口)形成另一分支。本文结果进一步从分子水平上支持将中国产花鲈和日本的鲈鱼划分为2个种的观点,并且RAPD数据表明花鲈和鲈鱼群体内都出现了明显的遗传分化。     

New Early Cretaceous paleomagnetic results from Qilian orogenic belt and its tectonic implications

Lower Cretaceous red sedimentary rocks from the depositional basin of East Qilian fold belt have been collected for a paleomagnetic study. Stepwise thermal demagnetization reveals two or three components of magnetization from dark red sandstones. Low-temperature magnetic component is consistent with the present Earth Field direction in geographic coordinates. High-temperature magnetic components are mainly carried by hematite. The mean pole of 19 sites for high-temperature magnetic components after tilt-correction is λ=62.2°N, φ=193.4°E, A95=3.2°, and it passes fold tests at 99% confidence level and reversal tests at 95% confidence level. The paleopole is insignificantly different from that of Halim et al. (1998) from the same sampling area at the 95% confidence level. Compared with paleomagnetic results for North China, South China, and Eurasia, our results suggest that no significant relative latitudinal displacement has taken place between Lanzhou region and these blocks since Cretaceous time. Remarkably, the pole of Lanzhou shows a 20° clockwise rotation with respect to those of North China, South China, and Eurasia. Geological information indicates that the crustal shortening in the western part of Qilian is greater than that in eastern part. In this case, the clockwise rotation of sampling area was related to India/Eurasia collision, and this collision resulted in a left-lateral strike-slip motion of the Altun fault in north Tibetan Plateau after the Cretaceous.     

南极海冰与西北太平洋台风

本文利用最大熵谱分别计算了南极４个区海冰和西北太平洋台风发生频数的变化周期，并对前３年的南极海冰强弱和当年的台风发生频率数进行了逐月时间序列相关分析。     

青藏高原多年冻土层中地下冰储量估算及评价

过去几十年来,沿青藏公路/铁路多年冻土区已经完成了数千个钻孔的钻探工作.经过仔细筛选,对其中的697个钻孔剖面的地下冰分布状况和其中9261个重量含水量的分布特征进行了分析.在水平方向上,依据地下冰的分布特征,把青藏公路/铁路沿线的多年冻土划分成少冰冻土、多冰冻土、富冰冻土、饱冰冻土和含土冰层5个含冰量类别,并详细统计了各类冻土沿公路所占里程.在垂向上,将每个钻孔划分出3个深度段:即多年冻土上限以下1m范围内、上限下深1～10m段及上限下10m以下段,统计了各深度地下冰储量.青藏公路沿线多年冻土的平均厚度为38.79m,平均含水量为17.19%,据此初步估算出青藏高原多年冻土区地下冰的总储量为9528km3.     

中国含金矽卡岩矿床的分布和主要地质特征

夕卡岩金矿床主要分布于中国东部，特别是在长江中下游地区，并常和夕卡岩铜（铁或多金属）矿床共生。它们产生的有利构造环境为地台边缘的拗陷和褶皱带以及地台内部的深大断裂附近地区，主要控矿地导炭－二叠纪和三叠纪碳酸盐岩，有关侵入岩为钙－碱性闪长岩，石英阀长岩，石英二长闪长岩，花岗闪长岩，二长花岗岩及共浅成相，大多属燕山期，含金夕卡岩以钙夕卡岩为主，镁夕卡岩次之，在夕卡岩及其邻近的围岩中叠加有较强的退化热液     

Processes of initial collision and suturing between India and Asia

The initial collision between Indian and Asian continents marked the starting point for transformation of land-sea thermal contrast, uplift of the Tibet-Himalaya orogen, and climate change in Asia. In this paper, we review the published literatures from the past 30 years in order to draw consensus on the processes of initial collision and suturing that took place between the Indian and Asian plates. Following a comparison of the different methods that have been used to constrain the initial timing of collision, we propose that the tectono-sedimentary response in the peripheral foreland basin provides the most sensitive index of this event, and that paleomagnetism presents independent evidence as an alternative, reliable, and quantitative research method. In contrast to previous studies that have suggested collision between India and Asia started in Pakistan between ca. 55 Ma and 50 Ma and progressively closed eastwards, more recent researches have indicated that this major event first occurred in the center of the Yarlung Tsangpo suture zone (YTSZ) between ca. 65 Ma and 63 Ma and then spreading both eastwards and westwards. While continental collision is a complicated process, including the processes of deformation, sedimentation, metamorphism, and magmatism, different researchers have tended to define the nature of this event based on their own understanding, an intuitive bias that has meant that its initial timing has remained controversial for decades. Here, we recommend the use of reconstructions of each geological event within the orogenic evolution sequence as this will allow interpretation of collision timing on the basis of multidisciplinary methods.     

不同掏蚀深度下古城墙的稳定性数值分析

以浙江良渚古城的宽顶古场面墙稳定性问题为研究对象,本文针对古城墙可能出现的不同深度的风沙掏蚀的实际工况,通过有限差分软件FLAC3D,建立计算模型进行了稳定性分析,探讨了不同掏蚀深度下城墙破坏机理和规律.研究表明:当城墙墙根掏蚀深度不是很大时,城墙整体稳定,土体开始出现比较小的位移量,掏蚀部位及其周围出现局部塑性破坏现象.随着掏蚀深度的增加,城墙塑性破坏区域不断向城墙体内部、顶部及顶部后缘范围发展,城墙上的土体位移量随着掏蚀深度的增加而呈数量级的增加,直至城墙出现整体崩塌破坏.掏蚀作用加剧了地震作用下城墙体的破坏,在掏蚀部位形成潜在破坏口,内部形成塑性贯通区,造成墙体整体崩塌.