类脂化合物单体碳稳定同位素在古气候环境研究中的意义

类脂化合物极大地扩展了全球变化研究的深度，尤其是单体碳稳定同位素技术在古气候、古环境重建上有着重要作用。基于近些年来国内外的最新研究成果，就类脂化合物单体碳同位素在古气候环境方面的应用研究进行了较为全面的评述。已有研究表明利用类脂化合物单体碳同位素组成可以追溯到海洋和湖泊环境中陆源有机质的物源，其母源区历史时期 C3、C4植被的变迁以及区域性的古气候、古环境重建。     

Factorial and indicator kriging methods using a geographic information system to delineate spatial variation and pollution sources of soil heavy metals

This study uses factorial and indicator kriging methods with a geographic information system (GIS), to overlay and delineate the variation and pollution sources of soil heavy metals in fields in the north of Changhua County, Taiwan. Accordingly, the spatial variation and pollution probability patterns of soil cadmium, chromium and copper are estimated to support further environmental monitoring, remediation and planning. The overlay maps of industrial plants, irrigation channels and kriging estimates, constitute a GIS. This reveals that the short- and long-range variations and soil pollution by Cd, Cr and Cu strongly corresponded to the locations of irrigation systems and industrial plants in the area of study. The maps also verify most locations of suspected pollution sources from the GIS database. Moreover, the probability spatial patterns estimated by indicator kriging, based on the pollution thresholds of Cd, Cr and Cu, were also highly correlated with irrigation channels and industrial plants. The GIS, with factorial and indicator kriging under different combinations of variations and pollution probabilities of soil Cd, Cr and Cu, provide alternative scenarios for delineating the areas that contain high variation and high pollution probability of these heavy metals, to enable decision makers to identify pollution sources, and to further investigate and remedy soil pollution.     

福清沙浦——平潭马腿推覆型韧性剪切带基本特征

福清沙浦－－平潭马腿推覆型性剪切带位于福建东南沿海褶皱变质带的北段，在“三山、平潭、高山、观音澳”幅１：５万区调工作中，我们首次发现并肯定了该推覆型韧性剪切带的存在，并作了详细的工作。     

中国含金矽卡岩矿床的分布和主要地质特征

夕卡岩金矿床主要分布于中国东部，特别是在长江中下游地区，并常和夕卡岩铜（铁或多金属）矿床共生。它们产生的有利构造环境为地台边缘的拗陷和褶皱带以及地台内部的深大断裂附近地区，主要控矿地导炭－二叠纪和三叠纪碳酸盐岩，有关侵入岩为钙－碱性闪长岩，石英阀长岩，石英二长闪长岩，花岗闪长岩，二长花岗岩及共浅成相，大多属燕山期，含金夕卡岩以钙夕卡岩为主，镁夕卡岩次之，在夕卡岩及其邻近的围岩中叠加有较强的退化热液     

路南石林形成过程与环境变化

石林是一种巨型石牙类型。在赤道热带巴布亚新几内亚和沙捞越等地的类似形态,称“针（剑）状喀斯特”。纬度较低的路南石林是处在低海拔时古热带环境下形成的。在热带强烈的“双重剥蚀作用”,尤其在土下溶蚀作用下,本区同时发生夷平作用,形成广大的准平原。在上新世,特别中更新世以后,该区急剧抬升,形成高原,石林过程终止,向剥露与瓦解过程发展。高原上石林及其原野是气候变化、新构造运动和云南高原演化的证据。     

吉林龙冈火山群金龙顶子火山喷发物中幔源包体的基本特征及其地质意义

龙冈火山群金龙顶子火山喷发发生在距今1500年前,其火山喷发物中所含的幔源橄榄岩包体是我国在最新火山喷发物中所发现的幔源包体。这些包体以普遍含有韭闪石为特征。包体的结构和位错构造反映这些包体在上地幔条件下经历过一定程度的变形作用。包体的平衡温度大多数集中在800～950℃之间,只有个别样品温度达到1050℃;平衡压力大多数集中在1.0～1.5 GPa之间。由包体平衡温度、压力得到的上地幔地温线稍低于中国东部由新第三纪包体得到的上地幔地温线,但接近第四纪包体得到的地温线。包体在上地幔条件下变形时的差异应力在30～44MPa,应变速率为10-18s-110-15s-1。角闪石的出现反映上地幔流体的渗透及交代作用。金龙顶子火山发的玄武岩浆直接来自35～50km的上地幔顶部。     

How does resilience matter? An empirical verification of the relationships between resilience and vulnerability

Natural Hazards - The theoretical relationships between resilience and vulnerability have long been debated, but limited research has been done to test their relationships from an empirical...     

陈家岭钒矿选矿工艺试验

采用钙法氧化焙烧——酸浸的方法从钒矿石中浸出钒,克服了钠化焙烧过程中产生的H2S、Cl2,实验了矿石物料粒度、氧化钙添加量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间、漫出温度、浸出时间、酸的浓度、浸出液固比对浸出率的影响,获得了88％的浸出率。实验表明,焙烧温度、酸的浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间、液固比是影响钒浸出率的重要因素。     

Regional differences in the relationship between climatic factors,vegetation, land surface conditions,and dust weather in China’s Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Region

This paper analyzes the regional differences in dust weather and its relationship with climatic factors and vegetation cover, using data at 27 observation stations in the Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Region from 1960 to 2007. There was a decreasing trend in dust weather in the southeast, which was correlated with wind and temperature. In contrast, in the northwest, the number of dusty days did not decrease and was significantly correlated with precipitation and vegetation cover. These results suggest that, in addition to the climate and underlying conditions, physical geographic conditions also influenced the frequency of dust weather.     

内蒙古河套平原高碘地下水的水文地球化学特征

以内蒙古河套平原西北部的高砷地下水分布区为研究区,通过对区内22组地下水和2组地表水中碘含量的测试和分析可知,研究区地下水中碘含量在27.30～1 638.00μg/L,其中,约50%的地下水样品中碘含量超过我国饮用水的标准限定值150μg/L,约84.6%的高碘地下水为高砷地下水。高碘地下水主要分布于研究区北部地下水水流相对滞缓的平原中心地带,以Cl-Na、Cl·HCO₃-Na和HCO₃·Cl-Na型水为主。研究区地下水中碘的富集有两种机制:浅层地下水的蒸发作用和深部富含有机质的、偏还原的地下水环境中的微生物作用。两种机制相比,后者对地下水中碘的贡献更大些,但前者更普遍些。