我国天然钠质膨润土

膨润土又称膨土岩或斑脱岩,是以蒙脱石类矿物为主要成分的粘土岩,是一种含水的铝硅酸盐矿物。 蒙脱石颗粒极细,由于晶格置换晶层表面带有大量负电荷,能吸附可交换性阳离子。以吸附钠离子为主时称为钠质膨润土,以吸附钙离子为主时称为钙质膨润土。此外,还有过渡类型。钠质膨润土具有高的电动电位和极强的水化能,在物性上优于钙质膨润土,从而有广泛应用价值。在冶金工业中用于球团矿的粘合剂。     

An efficient probabilistic design approach for tunnel face stability by inverse reliability analysis

In order to maintain the safety of underground constructions that significantly involve geo-material uncertainties, this paper delivers a new computation framew...     

甘肃北山红岩井西南似斑状二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

在1∶5万红泉等5幅区域地质调查中,对红岩井西南似斑状二长花岗岩体进行了岩石地球化学和锆石U-Pb测年研究,并在该岩体中获得了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为（402.2±4.4）Ma,属早泥盆世。岩石化学和地球化学特征表明似斑状二长花岗岩体富Si（SiO2为68.12%~75.76%）、富碱（ALK=7.69%~9.91%）,铝饱和指数A/CNK＝1.02~1.05,里特曼指数σ＝1.8~3.8,平均为2.38;属钙碱性准铝质S型花岗岩系列;ΣREE＝175.4~296.76,球粒陨石标准化分布模式图上显示具海鸥型特征,富集HFSE、Y,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、Eu、P、Ti。构造图解反映出该花岗岩体形成于同碰撞-碰撞后,结合测区的地质特征及同位素年代特征,说明北山主造山期应为加里东末期。     

离子交换法处理含砷废水的小试/中试试验

利用选择性复合树脂处理含砷废水,使出水水质达到国家《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838 2002),同时从选择性复合树脂和阳离子柱上交换下来的离子可以生成H2O和中性盐类,无二次污染.研究采用201×7苯乙烯系强碱凝胶型树脂(Ⅰ)和D301大孔弱碱阴离子交换树脂(Ⅱ)作为比选树脂,通过小试试验选择具有较高交换容量的201×7苯乙烯系强碱凝胶型树脂用于放大规模的现场中试.实验所用选择性复合树脂制作成本及整个中试系统价格低廉,适合大规模工厂应用.     

Seismoelectric and electroseismic responses to a point source in a marine stratified model

We investigate the seismoelectric/electroseismic wavefields excited by a point source in an air/seawater/three-layered porous medium configuration containing a hydrocarbon layer. The results show that if an explosive source for excitation is used, receivers at seafloor can record the coseismic electromagnetic fields accompanying the P, S, fluid acoustic waves and the interface responses converted from the acoustic waves at seafloor interface and from the seismic waves at the interfaces beneath the seafloor. Employing a vertical electric dipole source shows that, with the exception of the interface responses converted from electromagnetic waves at seafloor, the interface responses converted from transmitted electromagnetic waves at the interfaces beneath the seafloor can also be identified. Given that the strength of the explosive source is within excitation capability of industry air guns, the generated interface responses from the hydrocarbon layer can be detected by current electromagnetic sensors considering the low ambient noise at the seafloor. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of the seismoelectric method applied to marine hydrocarbon exploration. Electroseismic modelling results suggest that it is not practical to employ this method to prospect marine hydrocarbon layer due to the weak interface response signal, unless a much larger current is injected into seafloor.     

危机黄金矿山增储的主要评价途径

通过研究实例较系统地讨论了危机矿山增储的主要评价途径 ,在充分分析区域成矿地质背景的基础上 ,以成矿地质条件为依据 ,突破旧观念 ,对控矿因素进行优势分析 ,设计一套科学的评价途径 ,是危机黄金矿山增储评价不可缺少的几个环节。     

低频前驱波传播机理的研究现状

本文从低频前驱波传播的理论与实验等方面对其传播机理的研究现状进行了简要概述。断裂预扩展、过热液体暴沸、粘滑地震前的预滑等均可能产生低频前驱波;微破裂集结、均匀和非均匀断层滑动失稳成核、声透射等实验均证实了岩石在大破裂前确实能够产生一种长周期、小振幅的低频事件;低速断层、壳内低速层、承压含水层、水体大连通性好的灰岩含水层、大气中的声波导层有利于低频前驱波传播。     

趋磁细菌多样性及其环境意义

趋磁细菌是一类特殊的微生物,它们在体内合成有生物膜包裹、粒度均一(35 ～ 120 nm)、结晶程度高、晶形特殊、呈链状排列的磁小体,其化学成分主要是磁铁矿( Fe3O4)或胶黄铁矿(Fe3S4),因此,它们能沿地磁场磁力线定向游弋.研究表明,趋磁细菌广泛分布在淡水和海洋环境中,细胞数量可达105～ 107个/ml,其多样性和地理分布与环境有密切关系.磁小体在趋磁细菌死后可以保存在沉积物中,化石磁小体对沉积物磁学性质有重要贡献,而且趋磁细菌活动在全球铁元素循环和维持生态系统功能等方面发挥重要作用.本文综述了近年来趋磁细菌多样性、地理分布格局、环境磁学以及古环境重建等方面的研究进展.值得指出的是,化石磁小体可作为重构古环境的生物标志物,应予以重视.