徐闻8种珊瑚共附生真菌的分离及初步鉴定

从徐闻珊瑚保护区的8种珊瑚中分离共附生真菌,以获得珊瑚共附生可培养真菌的多样性信息。选用5种培养基,采用平板涂布法培养分离共附生真菌,并进行形态鉴定。8种珊瑚共分离121株真菌,鉴定了其中97株真菌,分属于14个属,青霉属和枝孢霉为优势种属,其次是曲霉属和木霉属。二异角孔珊瑚上分离出22株,数量最多;盔型珊瑚上分离菌株数量最少仅8株。除优势种属外,不同珊瑚样品上真菌种类分布有较大差异,炭角菌属和葡萄穗霉菌属均来源于盔形珊瑚,镰刀菌属在盔形珊瑚和角孔珊瑚上较为常见,盔形珊瑚样品上还分离出2株散囊菌属,1株节菱孢属,因此盔形珊瑚的种群最为丰富;不同培养基分离真菌的能力不同,淀粉培养基分离的菌株最多占所有分离菌株的30.6%,CDA培养基最少,但种类特异。     

滇西动态重力网的分形特征及空间分辨力

介绍了用分形学描述地球物理观测网非均匀分布和联合应用分形特征与Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ定理确定最佳网格距的方法。研究了滇西动态重力网的分形特征，它的分形维Ｄｆ＝１．２７，最佳网格距ｒ０＝２８ｋｍ。讨论了１９８６年至１９９４年间网区发生的８次Ｍｓ＞５．０级地震前重力场变化的可信性，指出这些变化的波长均大于１００ｋｍ，至少２倍于网的最小空间分辨力，因而是可信的     

广东沿海牡蛎体Ni含量水平及其时空变化趋势

198 9～ 1997年间 ,为实施“南海贻贝观察”计划 ,对广东沿海 12个地点近江牡蛎体内的 Ni含量水平进行了连续监测 ,结果全部牡蛎样品均检出 Ni,含量范围为 0 .17～ 2 .37mg/kg(湿重 ) ,总平均值为0 .58mg/kg。污染评价结果显示 ,广东沿海 Ni含量总体上处于微污染—轻污染水平。牡蛎体 Ni平均含量呈珠江口海区 >粤西海区 >粤东海区的分布格局 ,其最高值出现在深圳湾、唐家湾和湛江港。 70年代后期至 1991年 ,牡蛎体的 Ni含量呈明显下降趋势 ,此后 Ni含量年际间虽有波动 ,但无显著差异     

国家自然科学基金地理科学申请代码的调整优化

学科申请代码调整优化是国家自然科学基金委员会"科学基金学科布局改革"任务的重要组成部分和切入点。本文回顾了地理学科申请代码的历史沿革,系统梳理了当前版本地理学科申请代码存在的问题,论述了新版(2021版)申请代码体系的架构理念、遵循原则、形成过程,着重阐释了新申请代码的历史沿革、科学内涵与学科定位。新版申请代码体系较以往版本有以下4个显著特征:①逻辑更自洽,一级代码名称由"地理学(D01)"改为"地理科学(D01)";②学科更融合,取消三级申请代码,仅设二级申请代码,更能体现学科的交叉融合;③领域更全面,针对学科发展趋势及经济社会发展需求,增加了"灾害地理""土地科学""地理大数据与空间智能"等新兴学科、领域的代码;④技术更重视,增设"地理观测与模拟技术",鼓励面向地理科学问题研究所需关键工具、仪器的研制。     

Linkage between winter air temperature over the subtropical Western Pacific and the ice extent anomaly in the Sea of Okhotsk

This study deals with the correlation between ice extent in the Sea of Okhotsk and the interannual variability of winter (December–February) air temperature over the subtropical Western Pacific from 1979 to 2008. The analysis indicates that the increase in sea ice extent coincides not only with cooling over the Sea of Okhotsk and the adjacent area, but also with significant warming over the subtropical Western Pacific that extends from the surface to the middle troposphere. This meridional dipole pattern of tropospheric temperature anomalies (cooling in the high latitudes and warming in the low latitudes) primarily results from dynamical processes driven by the large-scale atmospheric circulation change. A heat budget diagnosis reveals that when ice extent in the Sea of Okhotsk increases by one standard deviation, the tropospheric air temperature over the subtropical Western Pacific rises by about 0.25°C. It also suggests that the adiabatic heating and stationary eddy heat flux convergence may be the most important factors, which account for 30 and 15% of the warming, respectively. In addition, these two factors also coordinate to result in significant cooling over the Sea of Okhotsk and the adjacent regions.     

Tracking historical storm records from high-barrier lagoon deposits on the southeastern coast of Hainan Island,China

The relationship between storm activity and global warming remains uncertain. To better understand storm–climate relationships, coastal lagoon deposits are increasingly being investigated because they could provide high-resolution storm records long enough to cover past climate changes. However, site-specific sediment dynamics and high barriers may bias storm reconstructions. Here, we aimed to investigate these factors through the reconstruction of five distinct storm records (XCL-01, XC-03, XC-06, XC-07, XC-08) from different water depths in a lagoon with a high barrier (i.e., Xincun Lagoon of Hainan Island). Sediment cores were characterized using high-resolution grain size and XRF measurements, to identify storm events. These data were coupled with a numerical simulation to obtain bed shear stress data with high-spatial resolution to better understand storm-induced sediment transport mechanisms. 210Pb dating and Pb pollution chronostratigraphic markers indicated that the chronology of the storm deposit sequences of the cores span the period between 117 a and 348 a. The grain size and XRF results indicated numerous, highly variable and short-duration fluctuations, suggesting that storm-induced coarse-grained sediments were deposited at these core sites. The inconsistent storm events recorded in these cores suggest that these sites have different preservation potentials for storm deposits. However, the consistence between storm sediment records and historical documents for Core XCL-01 indicates that high-barrier lagoons could provide long-term storm event records with high preservation potential.     

蓝田膨润土的发现及其物化性能研究

蓝田膨润土系笔者首次发现,本文初步研究了该膨润土的成分、属性、物化性能及其地质特征等。经研究认为,蓝田膨润土属钙镁基土,是比较少见的类型;除含大量蒙脱石外,还含一定数量的有益组分——凹凸棒石和高岭石;物化性能尚好;沉积成因,具有一定的规模和应用价值,建议应进一步进行普查找矿和应用开发研究。     

海洋动物体石油烃污染评价标准参考值的探讨

目前,国内外尚无颁布任何海洋生物石油污染评价标准,为了满足海洋生物石油污染评价的需要,本文采用综合分析与毒理学分析相结合的方法,探讨和提出了海洋动物石油污染评价标准参考值,海洋鱼类、贝类和甲壳类的石油污染评价标准参考值（干重）分别为１５、７０ 和２５ ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ。     

末次冰盛期时吉兰泰盐湖的湖泊状态与古气候特征

通过现代季风边缘区的吉兰泰盐湖钻孔JLT11-A孔沉积岩芯的矿物分析,结合地层盘星藻的含量探讨末次冰盛期(LGM)时湖泊的状态和古气候特征。结果显示:在LGM时吉兰泰湖泊沉积矿物主要是石英、长石为主的碎屑岩沉积,含量在85%左右,显示出陆源碎屑矿物的高输入状态,可能指示区域寒冷干旱的环境;其次是以方解石为主的碳酸盐的沉积,含量约为10%;氯化物为主的石盐类矿物一般不足5%,但持续存在,指示湖泊仍然有较高的盐度,因此地层中的淡水藻类盘星藻可能是由河流输入。由于陆源碎屑矿物输入强烈,矿物组合可能难以直接指示吉兰泰盐湖湖水状态。区域的干冷的气候与大多数的古气候记录一致,而与新疆西部的冷湿的环境不同。对比邻近区域的古气候研究结果发现,本区域在LGM时段夏季降水相对于冰消期偏多,而相对于MIS3阶段晚期偏少,整体夏季风减弱。吉兰泰盐湖末次冰盛期到末次冰消期以来矿物组合的变化表明,湖泊环境可能受到夏季太阳辐射、全球与区域温度变化以及夏季风强弱变化的影响。