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901.
高强度人类活动对泉州湾滨海湿地环境的影响及其对策 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
由于滨海湿地丰富的资源和优越的环境,人们对其进行了大规模的开发利用,导致了滨海湿地的丧失与生态退化。滨海湿地位于陆地-海洋-大气相互作用最活跃的地带,具有非常重要的生态意义。总结泉州湾滨海湿地水动力、地貌、生态、环境质量的特征,分析围填海、养殖、污染物排放及人工生态工程等对滨海湿地的影响。结果表明,随着社会经济的快速发展以及人类活动的显著增强,泉州湾滨海湿地面积减小,输水及输沙的路径和方式发生变化,湿地环境质量显著下降,生物多样性及生物量减少。为了实现泉州湾滨海湿地的可持续发展,提出了如下对策:(1)加强围海造地的科学管理,提倡新的围海造地方式;(2)开展海岸整治与生态修复,建设特色湿地公园;(3)挖掘海洋文化特色,发展生态旅游。本研究揭示高强度人类活动对滨海湿地环境的影响,为开展滨海湿地研究、整治与修复,为制定滨海湿地开发利用与保护对策提供科学依据。 相似文献
902.
903.
904.
准噶尔盆地环玛湖地区三叠系百口泉组物源分析 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
通过对百口泉组重矿物特征研究、古流向分析、砾石成分特征研究及地层含砂率特征研究,讨论了环玛湖地区百口泉组沉积时期的物源方面和母岩性质。采用重矿物Q型聚类分析,结合重矿物ZTR等值线图以及地层倾角测井古流向分析,指出环玛湖地区百口泉组存在3大物源体系,分别为北部夏子街物源、西部黄羊泉物源以及东部夏盐物源;通过砾岩成分以及重矿物组合类型研究,认为北部物源和西部物源成分存在差异:北部夏子街物源及夏盐物源成分以凝灰岩和中酸性火山喷出岩为主;西部黄羊泉物源成分以凝灰岩、沉积岩和花岗岩为主。西部物源中花岗岩岩屑含量较高,致使储层刚性颗粒含量高、抗压实能力强,这是西部扇体储层物性普遍优于北部扇体储层物性的原因之一。各物源方向及物源体系与扇三角洲的推进方向具有较好的一致性,因此,利用多种方法结合来划分环玛湖地区百口泉组沉积时期物源是十分有效的。 相似文献
905.
A series of swelling tests is performed on a typical Nanyang expansive soil with medium swelling capacity compacted at various initial densities and water contents. The swelling tests are separately conducted using the conventional oedometer to confine the lateral swelling of the soil specimens, and using the GDS triaxial apparatus to allow the free volumetric swelling. The multiple nonlinear mathematical method is adopted to obtain the lateral swelling model (i.e. K-0 model), which fully considers the coupled effect of initial degree of compaction, moisture content and overburden pressure on the swelling strain. Also, an empirical model for the relationship between spherical stress and volumetric strain is proposed by triaxial swelling test. Based on the K-0 swelling model, a formula is proposed to quantitatively evaluate the swell potential, and also a theoretical calculation method is derived to determine the processing layer thickness of expansive soil slope. Based on the assumption that volumetric swelling strain only changes with spherical stress and is not affected by the deviatoric stress, the correlations between the K-0 model and triaxial model are analyzed, and a method to calculate the volumetric swelling strain by only employing the K-0 model is given. Experimental results show that the proposed K-0 model with multifactor coupling is reasonable to predict the swelling potential of compacted expansive soil. It is found that the key factor to link the K-0 model and triaxial swelling model is assuming an average static lateral pressure coefficient. The average static lateral pressure coefficient tends to decreases with increasing overburden pressure by inversion method. This tendency of average static lateral pressure coefficient is believed to rely on the fact that lateral swelling pressure decreases with the increase of overburden pressure. 相似文献
906.
惯性导航作为一种独立、便捷、稳定的导航方式,在众多对导航定位有特殊要求的领域正发挥着难以替代的作用。但惯性导航的误差会随时间逐渐积累,以至于出现较大偏差,直接影响了导航定位效果,因而在实际应用中是否能准确快速实时修正定位误差至关重要。针对目前普遍使用的轨迹匹配方法 ICCP算法,在数字化路网中惯导机动载体的路径匹配基础上对该算法的几个主要环节进行了改进。最后对照实验进行验证,实验表明,改进后算法的效率和精度有了显著提高。 相似文献
907.
Xiang Huang Zhizhong Wang Jianhua Guo 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(7):1426-1449
This study introduces a transition probability-based Bayesian updating (BU) approach for spatial classification through expert system. Transition probabilities are interpreted as expert opinions for updating the prior marginal probabilities of categorical response variables. The main objective of this paper is to provide a spatial categorical variable prediction method which has a solid theoretical foundation and yields relatively higher classification accuracy compared with conventional ones. The basic idea is to first build a linear Bayesian updating (LBU) model that corresponds to an application of Bayes’ theorem. Since the linear opinion pool is intrinsically suboptimal and underconfident, the beta-transformed Bayesian updating (BBU) model is proposed to overcome this limitation. Another type of BU approach, conditional independent Bayesian updating (CIBU), is derived based on conditional independent experts. It is shown that traditional Markovian-type categorical prediction (MCP) is equivalent to a particular CIBU model with specific parameters. As three variants of the BU method, these techniques are illustrated in synthetic and real-world case studies, comparison results with both the LBU and MCP favor the BBU model. 相似文献
908.
Semi-urbanization and evolving patterns of urbanization in China: Insights from the 2000 to 2010 national censuses 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Based on the prefecture-level data of the 2000 and 2010 national censuses, the spatial evolution of China’s semi-urbanization is analyzed in this study. The stages of urbanization are re-examined by considering semi-urbanization. Nine types of urban development are presented according to the relations between semi-urbanization and urbanization, and China’s urbanization is divided into five stages, namely, high incoordination, incoordination, low coordination, coordination, and high coordination. Results show that China’s semi-urbanization rate varies significantly from one area to another; its order in 2010 from the highest to the lowest value was as follows: east, middle, west, and northeast. Urbanization and semi-urbanization rates in inland cities increase much faster than those in coastal cities. In addition, semi-urbanization displays a spatial pattern similar to that of urbanization across China, with the sole exception of the northeastern region. Through a spatial autocorrelation analysis, the spatial concentration of semi-urbanization is determined to be increasing. High-value concentration areas are expanding in the coastal east, whereas low-value concentration areas are growing in the northeast. Lastly, the evolution of China’s urbanization model suggests a weakening trend of coordination between urbanization and semi-urbanization over the studied decade. Semi-urbanization can be viewed as a special production of China’s hukou system, which restricts the permanent settlement of migrants in cities. As such, China’s semi-urbanization trend is expected to exhibit a reversed U-shaped pattern as urbanization and citizenization develop. 相似文献
909.
910.