A DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF AIR TEMPERATURE ANOMALY MODE OVER CHINA IN 2009/2010 WINTER BASED ON GENERALIZED EQUILIBRIUM FEEDBACK ASSESSMENT (GEFA) METHOD

By using the observed monthly mean data over 160 stations of China and NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data, the generalized equilibrium feedback assessment(GEFA) method, combined with the methods of EOF analysis, correlation and composite analysis, is used to explore the influence of different SST modes on a wintertime air temperature pattern in which it is cold in the northeast and warm in the southwest in China. The results show that the 2009/2010 winter air temperature oscillation mode between the northern and southern part of China is closely related to the corresponding sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTA) and its associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. Exhibiting warming in Northeast China and cooling in Southwest China, the mode is significantly forced by the El Nio mode and the North Atlantic SSTA mode, which have three poles. Under the influence of SSTA modes, the surface northerly flow transported cold air to North and Northeast China, resulting in low temperatures in the regions. Meanwhile, the mid-latitude westerlies intensify and the polar cold air stays in high latitudes and cannot affect the Southwest China, resulting in the warming there.     

移动互联网环境下终端与服务器安全交互的研究

移动互联网的飞跃式发展与智能终端成本的降低,惠及了众多的普通消费者,移动互联时代用户的隐私与信息安全变得更为重要.针对WiFi热点环境下用户隐私与数据容易泄露的环节,对比传统的常用加密算法与使用效果,提出了一种基于OAuth 协议的令牌机制的安全交互方式,它可以在保证用户相关隐私与信息安全的同时,保证服务器的响应速度,且在用户的应用存在风险或异常时,可及时提醒并引导用户进行相关安全操作.压力测试结果表明该设计是有效可行的.     

流域管理与权力产权外部性

流域资源具有公共池塘资源的属性,私人在流域资源的开发过程中可能会产生外部性问题,因而要求政府对流域开发、利用进行管理.但由于实际上政府并不是只有单一目标的统一的组织,在分权体制下,不同区域、部门的政府单元掌握着实际权力.由于权力也存在外部性,各管理区域、部门之间存在利益冲突,导致政府的管理失效.解决政府权力外部性的办法一是要转变政府职能,改变政府的激励机制,二是严格界定各政府单元的权力界限,对流域进行统_管理.     

洱海生物群落的历史演变分析

根据１９５７－１９９７年期间对洱海水体进行的历次综合研究结果分析,由污染引起的氮,磷等营养元素含量升高促进藻类生长繁殖,４０年来其密度和生物量上升近１０倍;近５年的变化尤为明显,一度出现以螺旋鱼腥藻为主的“水华”。     

北京市热环境时空分异与区划

城市热环境空间区划是采用分区管理的思路来缓解城市社会经济发展与热环境之间矛盾的技术基础。本文构建城市热环境区划模型的思路为:(1)将不同时相的MODIS地表温度数据产品进行正规化、分级,分析2008年北京城市热环境时空分布特征。(2)构建城市热环境影响因素评价体系,并通过空间主成分分析计算得到热环境影响主成分因子。(3)通过自组织映射神经网络,利用热环境影响主因子,进一步对热环境进行空间区划。结果表明,北京夜间较白天城市热岛分布层次感明显,夏季白天较其他季节高温区聚合程度高。区域下垫面组成要素直接影响热环境,北京城市热环境的主成分因子依次为植被覆盖、地形地貌、城市下垫面建设规模和人为热排放,并依此将北京划为7个热环境区域,根据各个分区热环境成因机制差异分别提出热环境改善和调控措施。     

沉积物中硬质粘土层的研究进展

大量的钻孔资料表明,平原地区及其海域沉积物中普遍有硬质粘土层的存在。硬质粘土层在工程地质、地理学研究等方面具有重要的价值,它不仅是高层建筑的持力层,而且是研究全球环境变化事件、古气候演变的良好载体。该文阐述了硬质粘土层的一般特征、成因以及在粒度、地球化学元素、年代学、沉积环境等方面的研究进展,并展望了硬质粘土层在年代、物质来源和沉积环境等方面的研究方向,认为黄河三角洲硬质粘土层研究较少,需要开展大范围的、系统深入的、多学科的宏观和微观综合分析,挖掘硬质粘土层蕴含的古环境意义和应用价值。     

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Au and Pb-Zn Mineralization: Phenomenon, Mechanism and Implication

In the 1990s, some median-large gold deposits have been discovered in several lead-zinc metalloge-netic belts (e.g. the Qinling lead-zinc metallogenetic belt, Shanxi Province and Gansu Province and the Qingchengzi lead-zinc ore field, Liaoning Province) in China. Gold deposits and lead-zinc deposits spatially co-exist in the same tectonic setting; lead-zinc orebodies are commonly located below gold ore bodies. The host rocks of lead-zinc ore-bodies are conformably overlain by those of gold ore bodies. The age of gold mineralization is obviously younger than that of lead-zinc mineralization. Preliminary geochemical research has demonstrated the following: lead-zinc mineralization took place in a marine sedimentary-exhalative system, which had the characteristics of a high fluid/rock ratio, a high salinity and a high halide activity; meanwhile, most of gold was transported into the low-temperature hydrothermal plume and primarily enriched in sediments. During later (magmatism-) metamorphism-tectonism, gol     

ENSO事件对云南及临近地区春末初夏降水的影响

本文采用合成及相关分析的方法,应用55年中国降水资料、美国NOAA海表温度资料以及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,研究了ENSO事件对我国云南及其邻近地区春末初夏降水的影响及物理机理.研究结果表明:(1)在El Ni(n)o (La Ni(n)a)年,云南大部分地区4～5月降水偏少(多),东部地区相关信号尤其明显;(2)...     

产新琼四糖的海洋微泡菌属AG1热稳定性β-琼胶酶的过量表达与鉴定

从微泡菌属AG1（Microbulbifer sp. AG1）克隆得到1302 bp大小的琼胶酶基因,该基因编码产物为一个成熟蛋白（413个氨基酸残基）外加一个信号肽（20个残基）。将不含信号肽片段的琼胶酶在E. coli BL21 （DE3）中进行了异源表达和纯化。使用琼脂糖作为底物,该重组琼胶酶的最适反应温度和pH分别为60℃和7.5。该重组酶表现出优良的热稳定性,在50℃和60℃下处理1 h,重组琼胶酶仍能分别保持67%和19%的残余酶活力。除了SDS,重组琼胶酶对于其他测试的抑制剂、去垢剂和尿素变性剂有着较好的抗性。利用薄层色谱和以对硝基苯-α/β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷为底物的酶活力分析结果表明,该重组琼胶酶为β型琼胶酶,它水解琼脂糖的主要终产物为新琼四糖,而且不同聚合度的酶解产物具有抗氧化活性。     

Modeling of the eddy viscosity by breaking waves

Breaking wave induced nearsurface turbulence has important consequences for many physical and biochemical processes including water column and nutrients mixing,heat and gases exchange across air-sea interface.The energy loss from wave breaking and the bubble plume penetration depth are estimated.As a consequence,the vertical distribution of the turbulent kinetic energy(TKE),the TKE dissipation rate and the eddy viscosity induced by wave breaking are also provided.It is indicated that model results are found to be consistent with the observational evidence that most TKE generated by wave breaking is lost within a depth of a few meters near the sea surface.High turbulence level with intensities of eddy viscosity induced by breaking is nearly four orders larger than υwl(=κuwz),the value predicted for the wall layer scaling close to the surface,where uw is the friction velocity in water,κ with 0.4 is the von Kármán constant,and z is the water depth,and the strength of the eddy viscosity depends both on wind speed and sea state,and decays rapidly through the depth.This leads to the conclusion that the breaking wave induced vertical mixing is mainly limited to the near surface layer,well above the classical values expected from the similarity theory.Deeper down,however,the effects of wave breaking on the vertical mixing become less important.