A Laboratory Model for the Flow in Urban Street Canyons Induced by Bottom Heating

Water tank experiments are carried out to investigate the convection flow induced by bottom heating and the effects of the ambient wind on the flow in non-symmetrical urban street canyons based on the PIV (Particle Image Visualization) technique. Fluid experiments show that with calm ambient wind,the flows in the street canyon are completely driven by thermal force, and the convection can reach the upper atmosphere of the street canyon. Horizontal and vertical motions also appear above the roofs of the buildings. These are the conditions which favor the exchange of momentum and air mass between the street canyon and its environment. More than two vortices are induced by the convection, and the complex circulation pattern will vary with time in a wider street canyon. However， in a narrow street canyon， just one vortex appears. With a light ambient wind, the bottom heating and the associated convection result in just one main vortex. As the ambient wind speed increases, the vortex becomes more organized and its center shifts closer to the leeward building.     

云南白登浅海相磷块岩与青龙哨陆相磷块岩的对比研究

白登磷矿是我国重要的浅海相磷块岩矿床,而青龙哨磷矿是我国重要的陆相磷块岩矿床.两地磷矿品位高,储量大,是滇池地区正在开采的2个重要磷矿基地.野外工作研究发现,青龙哨角砾状磷块岩顶板的磷锶铝石矿层和高岭土黏土岩二者呈超覆式不整合接触.深入研究发现其具有陆相磷块岩的许多特征,而没有浅海相磷块岩的原生沉积构造特征.同时,白登磷矿见上下2层工业矿体,而青龙哨磷矿仅见1层工业矿体.对此二矿床特点进行了对比分析.     

厄尔尼诺现象和浙江近海鲐鲹鱼渔获量变化关系──长江口ENSO渔场学问题之二

本文研究浙江近海1970年到1992年鲐鱼渔获量变化与Elnino现象的关系，结合捕捞强度，长江中下游汛期（4—9月）降水量距平年际变化综合分析，探讨浙江近海鲐鱼渔获量变动规律，为合理开发渔业资源提供科学依据。     

安徽南部桃冲地区铁矿床控矿构造分析

通过对桃冲地区典型铁矿床的赋存环境及构造特征的研究和控矿因素分析,认为红花山背斜两翼的铁矿体产于背斜的层间断裂带中的次级褶曲内,受"碳酸盐岩地层+次级褶曲+层间断裂带"三个控矿因素的制约,环滨江岩体的铁矿床受厚层状矽卡岩接触带的制约。综合桃冲地区控矿因素的特点,提出了找矿有利部位。     

胜利油田边缘及外围找寻不同类型深部天然气的可能性

笔者依据对前人资料和本人研究成果的综合分析,提出在胜利油田的边部碱性橄榄玄武岩发育地带找寻无机成因二氧化碳气藏和在油田外围金伯利角砾岩筒或含地幔岩包体的碱性玄武岩火山口附近找寻地球深部来源烃类气藏的建议。     

GPS单频精密单点定位方法与实践

讨论了单频精密单点定位的解算方法与思路,编写了单频精密动态单点定位的程序,实现了事后动态单频精密单点定位.     

唐山豪门（集团）公司玉田啤酒厂饮用天然矿泉水

玉田啤酒厂饮用天然矿泉水井位于城关镇三里屯西２００ｍ，玉田酒厂院内，矿泉水赋存于第四系砂、砾卵石层中，属含锶、偏硅酸的重碳酸钙·镁型矿泉水，现已开发利用。     

泌阳凹陷核桃园组微量元素演化特征及其古气候意义

泌阳凹陷下第三系核桃园组总体上表现为一个大的湖退体系，而其中的微量元素含量及有关元素比值却呈现出细微而明显的旋回变化特征。本文依据泥岩、页岩和碳酸盐岩中Ｔｉ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ等十六种微量元素含量及Ｓｒ/Ｂａ、Ｆｅ/Ｍｎ、Ｓｒ/Ｃｕ等七种比值的变化特征，结合古盐度及岩相资料，对核桃园组沉积时的古气候作了系统的研究，基本上分出了温暖潮湿、干湿交替、炎热干旱、温热半干旱四类较为特征的古气候类型，以期为油气勘探提供依据。     

流体包裹体研究:进展、地质应用及展望

在多数地质作用过程中,流体都担任着元素迁移的载体、化学反应的活化荆的角色.大量研究表明,岩石、矿物以及元素在有无流体的情况下会表现出迥异的物理和化学性质,所以对于认识某一地质过程而言,流体方面的研究往往能够提供极其重要的信息.流体包裹体则以其直接反映古流体的成分,在各种矿物中的普遍存在性,以及对各种后期改造有一定的抵抗力等特点而成为研究古地质流体的最佳样本,并已经被成功地应用到各种地质过程的研究中.从基本概念出发,讨论了流体包裹体的种类和原生、次生流体包裹体的区分,对流体包裹体的岩相学观察要点以及流体包裹体研究的最新进展做了简要的综述,着重介绍了研究中常用的分析方法及变质岩中流体包裹体的研究,并举例说明了流体包裹体在矿床学、石油地质学中的应用,以及近期的一些关于流体包裹体中保存生物标志和生物遗迹化石的研究,最后对未来流体包裹体研究的发展方向作了简单的展望.     

Effect of Blast-Induced Vibration from New Railway Tunnel on Existing Adjacent Railway Tunnel in Xinjiang, China

The vibrations of existing service tunnels induced by blast-excavation of adjacent tunnels have attracted much attention from both academics and engineers during recent decades in China. The blasting vibration velocity (BVV) is the most widely used controlling index for in situ monitoring and safety assessment of existing lining structures. Although numerous in situ tests and simulations had been carried out to investigate blast-induced vibrations of existing tunnels due to excavation of new tunnels (mostly by bench excavation method), research on the overall dynamical response of existing service tunnels in terms of not only BVV but also stress/strain seemed limited for new tunnels excavated by the full-section blasting method. In this paper, the impacts of blast-induced vibrations from a new tunnel on an existing railway tunnel in Xinjiang, China were comprehensively investigated by using laboratory tests, in situ monitoring and numerical simulations. The measured data from laboratory tests and in situ monitoring were used to determine the parameters needed for numerical simulations, and were compared with the calculated results. Based on the results from in situ monitoring and numerical simulations, which were consistent with each other, the original blasting design and corresponding parameters were adjusted to reduce the maximum BVV, which proved to be effective and safe. The effect of both the static stress before blasting vibrations and the dynamic stress induced by blasting on the total stresses in the existing tunnel lining is also discussed. The methods and related results presented could be applied in projects with similar ground and distance between old and new tunnels if the new tunnel is to be excavated by the full-section blasting method.