An insight into the surface velocity of Inylchek Glacier and its effect on Lake Merzbacher during 2006–2016 with Landsat time-series imagery

Mountain glacier is one of the extremely sensitive indicators for climate change, and its surface motion distribution and corresponding variation are valuable information for understanding ice mass exchange and glacier dynamics. This paper presents the long-term ice velocity distributions of Inylchek Glacier in the Tianshan region by pixel-tracking algorithm with time-series Landsat imagery acquired during 2006–2016. Then the monitored ice motion fields of Inylchek Glacier were carefully analyzed and revealed a generally similar spatial distribution characteristic. Most of the ice of the North Inylchek Glacier remains in a stagnant state except for the upstream part, but a relatively high velocity of 20–40 cm/day with an RMSE of 3 cm/day was observed on most part of the South Inylchek Glacier, except for the slow-moving glacier terminus. We also state the glacier dynamics around Lake Merzbacher and their possible effect on its glacier lake outburst flood (GLOF) risk. Besides, the surface velocity distribution on South Inylchek Glacier surface during the ablation period from 2014 to 2016 was also established and also compared with annual velocity. The corresponding difference yields that there is a positive relation between ice motion and temperature variation. Therefore, the time-series ice surface motion yielded by the Landsat imagery thus could provide us an efficient and low-cost way to analyze the current state and changes in glaciers, thanks to the continuous and regular spaceborne observations provided by the Landsat satellites.     

桂北376铀矿床烃气地球化学研究

烃气测量法在锡、金、铜、铅锌等金属矿床找矿中得到了广泛应用,而该技术在花岗岩型铀矿找矿中的应用鲜有报道。本文对桂北376铀矿床已知矿体开展了烃气测量试验,结果显示：相较于其他金属矿,该铀矿区花岗岩和土壤中总烃含量极低,而且花岗岩总烃含量(平均19.42μL/kg)高于上覆土壤(平均6.32μL/kg)。花岗岩中U与多数烃气组分呈负相关,与重烃呈正相关,重烃在U迁移过程中作用强于轻烃;花岗岩烃气标准化配分模式以C₁、iC₄和C₂^-正异常为特征;铀矿化程度与iC₄/nC₄、(C₁+iC₄+C₂^-)/(C₂+C₃+nC₄)及C₂^-/C₃^-比值呈正相关,与C₂₊/∑C比值呈负相关等可为寻找铀矿提供依据。3...     

西藏定结高喜马拉雅石榴辉石岩-镁铁质麻粒岩的岩石特征及其地质意义

在高喜马拉雅带的定日县曲当—扎乡一带出露的高喜马拉雅结晶岩系中, 发现了高压变质的石榴辉石岩及其降压变质的镁铁质麻粒岩组合, 早期高压条件下形成的石榴辉石岩矿物组合为Grt+Cpx (富铝) +Ru+Q, 斜长石已完全消失, 形成温度为845~896℃, 压力大于1.2GPa, 已达到榴辉岩相的压力条件.中期的麻粒岩相组合为Opx+Pl±Cpx±Ga, 其中Opx、Cpx和Pl为石榴石的后成合晶, 形成温度为993~776℃, 压力为0.90~1.21GPa, 为中压麻粒岩相产物, 晚期矿物仅见普通角闪石、斜长石和石英, 是角闪岩相退变质的产物, 表明HHC经历了降压升温-降压降温的快速抬升过程, 证明其抬升作用与地幔热源的参与有关.      

牙形石微量元素对生物绝灭事件的响应: 以二叠-三叠系全球层型剖面第一幕绝灭事件为例

首次系统地利用浙江长兴煤山剖面牙形石化石, 依托中国地质大学(武汉) 地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室激光剥蚀等离子体质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS) 获取牙形石微区原位元素含量信息.结果显示, 牙形石的Ce异常和稀土总量出现快速的波动, 它们均反映出P/T之交环境(氧化-还原、生态条件等) 的不稳定性.这些微量元素特征可以很好地与古海洋环境和生物绝灭事件耦合.这一研究将为系统探索全球古生代末生物大灭绝及其后生物复苏的过程、时限与古海洋化学及古生态变化性质等问题的研究提供新的途径, 并有望对这些重要科学问题提供有效的制约.      

4种石斑鱼染色体核型研究

以蜂巢石斑鱼(Epinephelus merra)、鲑点石斑鱼(Epinephelus fario)、点带石斑鱼(Epinephelus malabaricus)及黑边石斑鱼(Epinephelus fasciatus)为材料,胸腔注射PHA及秋水仙素溶液,取头肾细胞经空气干燥法制片。经核型分析,蜂巢石斑鱼与鲑点石斑鱼核型一样,2n=48=4m 6sm 4st 34t,NF=62;点带石斑鱼与黑边石斑鱼的核型一样,2n=48=48t,NF=48。由染色体数目2n=48可知,4种石斑鱼在鱼类系统中划分为高位类;由核型组成不同,可以将4种石斑鱼分为两大类：蜂巢石斑鱼与鲑点石斑鱼属于一大类;点带石斑鱼与黑边石斑鱼属于另一大类。此外,按总臂数多少来分,蜂巢石斑鱼与鲑点石斑鱼为特化类群：点带石斑鱼与黑边石斑鱼为原始类群。     

Coupling winds to ocean surface currents over the global ocean

A Wind stress–Current Coupled System (WCCS) consisting of the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) and an improved wind stress algorithm based on Donelan et al. [Donelan, W.M., Drennan, Katsaros, K.B., 1997. The air–sea momentum flux in mixed wind sea and swell conditions. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27, 2087–2099] is developed by using the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF). The WCCS is applied to the global ocean to study the interactions between the wind stress and the ocean surface currents. In this study, the ocean surface current velocity is taken into consideration in the wind stress calculation and air–sea heat flux calculation. The wind stress that contains the effect of ocean surface current velocity will be used to force the HYCOM. The results indicate that the ocean surface velocity exerts an important influence on the wind stress, which, in turn, significantly affects the global ocean surface currents, air–sea heat fluxes, and the thickness of ocean surface boundary layer. Comparison with the TOGA TAO buoy data, the sea surface temperature from the wind–current coupled simulation showed noticeable improvement over the stand-alone HYCOM simulation.     

安徽太平湖浮游植物群落结构

安徽太平湖已被列入国家第二批生态环境保护专项.于2012年11月到2014年10月对太平湖浮游植物进行调查,共鉴定出浮游植物109属150种.其中绿藻门最多,共计46属80种,占总种数的53.33%.黄藻门未在镜检中出现,团藻在3个样品中出现;浮游植物丰度平均值为212.81×10~4cells/L,生物量平均值为1.04 mg/L.Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数平均值分别为2.17和0.61.优势种共4门17种,其中O-寡污带指示藻1种,P-多污带指示藻4种,其余12种藻类均为β-中污带指示藻,啮蚀隐藻(Cryptomonas erosa)和尖尾蓝隐藻(Chroomonas acuta)未成为优势种,太平湖优势门类为硅藻和蓝藻;2013和2014年变化表明,太平湖浮游植物群落结构有变化但变幅不大,浮游植物群落结构处于比较稳定的状态;浮游植物聚类分析表明,夏、秋季太平湖浮游植物群落结构相似,H1、H2和H3采样点浮游植物群落结构相似,H4和H5采样点浮游植物群落结构相似;相关性分析表明,丰度、生物量与水温呈极显著正相关,丰度、生物量与透明度呈极显著负相关,水质指标的变化会直接影响到浮游植物的变动,并伴随太平湖水库生态系统的相关复杂变化和生态学过程.     

ATG-6118H型测氢仪校准与性能检测及其结果

氢气具有较强的映震灵敏性,氢气观测是探索地震短临预报的新途径。ATG-6118H痕量氢气在线自动分析仪是一种用于测量地下流体逸出氢气的新型数字化观测仪器,可以现场进行全自动连续测定,具有灵敏度高、自动化程度高、功耗低、操作简单等特点,具有网络远程诊断和数据处理分析功能,可以精确分析空气及井水中逸出的痕量氢背景值。目前我国尚未形成统一的痕量氢分析仪的检测规范,本文根据实际检测要求,对ATG-6118H痕量氢气在线自动分析仪进行了校准实验、检出限实验以及精确度实验,并对8台仪器性能进行了对比。通过指标评价确定了该仪器的性能检测方法的可行性,适合在具备数字化观测条件的全国地震地下流体台站以及具备断层气观测条件的台站推广应用。