阿尔金—祁连—昆仑造山带早古生代构造格架及结晶岩年代学研究进展

阿尔金—祁连—昆仑(阿祁昆)造山带早古生代加里东期的构造事件一直是国内外研究的热点,近年来发表了大量的研究成果。本文着重调研了各造山带内构造混杂带的重要组成部分——蛇绿岩、岩浆岩和高压—超高压变质岩的地球化学特征,尤其是同位素年代学资料。蛇绿岩的地球化学特征表明阿尔金—祁连—昆仑地区早古生代的蛇绿岩有MORB和OIB两种类型,其产出于成熟的洋盆、小洋盆或是与消减带有关的弧前或弧后盆地,还有很大的争议。根据大量的同位素年代学资料,阿尔金—祁连—昆仑地区洋盆在晚新元古代开启,寒武纪发育成熟,于中—晚奥陶世开始发生俯冲消减作用,晚志留世—早泥盆世进入碰撞后伸展阶段。再者,通过同位素年代学数据对比,证明北阿尔金与北祁连、南阿尔金与柴达木北缘、西昆仑与东昆仑在早古生代分别为同一条构造带,于新生代期间被活动的阿尔金左行走滑断裂错开了400多千米。     

岩溶水研究中岩溶裂隙介质的地质力学和数理分析

本文以济南泉域为例,试用地质力学和数理分析方法研究北方岩溶区岩溶水系统中构造场和岩溶场对岩溶裂隙介质渗透场的控制响应关系,模拟岩溶水系统,以查清岩溶水的赋存运移规律。      

BECAPEX科学试验城市建筑群落边界层大气环境特征及其影响

20 0 1～ 2 0 0 3年在北京实施了大气边界层动力、热力、化学综合观测试验 (BECAPEX ,BeijingCityAtmosphericPollutionObservationFieldExperiment) ,获取了北京城市大气动力和大气化学三维结构图像。综合观测试验分析研究发现 ,城市区域呈非均匀次生尺度热岛分布 ,并伴随着城市次生尺度环流 ,影响了局地空气污染物分布特征。MODIS卫星遥感 地面观测资料经过变分分析 ,可发现北京城市空气污染与周边区域影响源有密切关系 ,并影响城市群落环境气候特征 ,导致该区域日照、雾日、低云量和能见度呈显著年代际变化趋势。     

Quantitative Assessment of Impacts of Regional Climate and Human Activities on Saline-alkali Land Changes： A Case Study of Qian＇an County, Jilin Province

Interdecadal and interannual variations of saline-alkali land area in Qian’an County, Jilin Province, China were comprehensively analyzed in this paper by means of satellite remote sensing interpretation, field flux observations and regional climate diagnosis. The results show that on the interannual scale, the impact of climate factors accounts for 71.6% of the total variation of the saline-alkali land area, and that of human activities accounts for 28.4%. Therefore the impact of climate factors is obviously greater than that of human activities. On the interdecadal scale, the impact of climate factors on the increase of the saline-alkali land area accounts for 43.2%, and that of human activities accounts for 56.8%. The impact of human activities on the variation of saline-alkali land area is very clear on the interdecadal scale, and the negative impact of human activities on the environment should not be negligible. Besides, changes in the area of heavy saline-alkali land have some indication for development of saline-alkali land in Qian’an County.     

A reliable and sensitive closing gear

The model QQC_(2-2) plankton net closing gear is a device designed to control the stratifiedsampling of the plankton net by means of a messenger. The device in its fie1d use has met with98% success in 766 times of strtified sampling of plankton at 157 stations during separatesurveys of Fujian coast zone, the Taiwan Strait, and the central section of the South China Sea,     

赤潮治理方法综述

文章综述目前赤潮治理的主要方法,其中物理法重点介绍机械搅动法、超声波法、吸附法和气浮法,化学法重点介绍无机药剂法、有机药剂法和胶体絮凝沉淀法,生物法主要介绍引入赤潮藻类生物天敌、微生物技术和化感技术,分析各自优势和不足,采用微生物技术和化感技术具有重要意义和发展前景。     

一次飞机积冰环境中的云微物理特征

2014年3月12日利用机载粒子探头(DMT)对我国宜昌及周边地区的非降水云系进行了探测时发现了少量的飞机积冰,本文分析了积冰云层中云微物理量的分布特征。垂直平均分布表明,CAS、CIP和PIP粒子数浓度分别大于300个·cm~(-3)、1个·cm~(-3)和10~(-5)个·cm~(-3),粒子中值直径最大值分别为3μm、89μm和1389μm。谱分布表明,3650m高度重力碰并和凇附过程使得CIP和PIP粒子谱较宽,3650m以下谱宽较窄,粒子以凝结增长为主,大粒子和冰晶粒子主要是由高层下落造成。平飞观测统计表明,3350m的CAS和CIP粒子平均数浓度均大于3650m的值,但PIP粒子数浓度、粒子平均和最大中值直径则相反。平飞时间变化表明,3350m高度CAS粒子数浓度和直径大致呈反相关,3650m大云滴和冰雪晶粒子的数浓度和中值直径随时间波动较大。     

Integration of nighttime light remote sensing images and taxi GPS tracking data for population surface enhancement

The population distribution grid at fine scales better reflects the distribution of residents and plays an important role in investigating urban systems. The recent years have witnessed a growing trend of applying the nighttime light data to the estimation of population at micro levels. However, using the nighttime light data alone to estimate population may cause the overestimation problem due to excessively high light radiance in specific types of areas such as commercial zones and transportation hubs. In dealing with this issue, this study used taxi trajectory data that delineate people’s movements, and explored the utility of integrating the nighttime light and taxi trajectory data in the estimation of population in Shanghai at the spatial resolution of 500 m. First, the initial population distribution grid was generated based on the NPP-VIIRS nighttime light data. Then, a calibration grid was created with taxi trajectory data, whereby the initial population grid was optimized. The accuracy of the resultant population grid was assessed by comparing it with the refined survey data. The result indicates that the final population distribution grid performed better than the initial population grid, which reflects the effectiveness of the proposed calibration process.     

Exercise in downscaling on sea surface temperature along Chinese coast

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