电容去离子化去除地下水中镉的影响因素

以高比表面积活性炭作为吸附剂制备电容电极,研究电容去离子化（CDI）对地下水中镉的吸附性能。分别探讨了镉初始质量浓度、体系供电电压、地下水中常见阳离子种类对CDI去除镉的影响。结果表明,CDI吸附镉符合准二级吸附动力学、满足Langmuir等温吸附方程,CDI对镉的吸附为单分子层吸附。吸附量随镉初始质量浓度的升高而增加;在低质量浓度时,较高的供电电压会提高初始阶段的吸附速率,但对电极的最终吸附量无显著影响;地下水中主要阳离子的存在增加了体系的电导率,从而促进了CDI对镉的吸附,提高了镉的吸附速率和去除率。     

莺－琼盆地YA13－1气田热流体活动与有机／无机成岩响应

根据钻井中途测试（ＤＳＴ）、重复地层测试（ＲＦＴ）、镜质体反射率（Ｒ０）、流体包裹体分析和粘土矿物Ｘ射线衍射全定量分析等综合研究发现，莺－琼盆地ＹＡ１３－１气田存在４期热流体活动；南侧的崖南地区和西侧的莺歌海盆地是其两个重要的热流体物质源和动力源；多期热流体活动在ＹＡ１３－１地区不仅造成热异常和物质迁移，而且还引起了不同的有机／无机成岩响应，如骨架颗粒的多期溶蚀作用、至少两期的次生加大作用、粘土矿物转化和有机质热成熟作用异常。第二、第三期热流体因出溶作用形成ＹＡ１３－１气田大规模的天然气聚集。     

地质时期生物与自然协调演化及化石燃料资源的分布规律

从更广泛和较高的层次对地质时期地球表层的生命活动和环境变化进行多学科的综合性研究，在全球系统分析的基础上为“协调人类与自然关系”的战略主题提供决策依据。以高分辨率地层学框架的研究的基础，综合多种学科对事件、间事件及其载体和介质的定量研究，为生物与环境的耦合机制的认识及有关模式的建立提供科学依据。化石燃料作为事件产物，其分布规律亦为重要研究内容之一。     

康定杂岩时代及成因探讨

康定杂岩是康滇地轴上一套复杂岩系，由紫苏辉长质暗色杂岩、英云闪长质浅色杂岩及复成分混合杂岩构成。岩石结构构构造，铀、钍及稀土特表明，主体为岩浆杂岩，包含大量具层状痕迹的变质杂岩。大量的锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ年龄及其它同位素年龄表明，岩浆岩属晋宁－澄江期。变质杂岩时代与河口群相当。     

Precambrian Geochronology, Chronotectonic Framework and Model of Chronocrustal Structure of the Zhongtiao Mountains

The Zhongtiao Mountains, a typical exposure area of Precambrian rocks, are a concentration area of vari-ous types of copper deposit. The rocks were dated using several dating methods. Based on the age data ob-tained by means of three methods, several aspects are dealt with: (1) the dating results obtained by differentmethods and their geological implications have been compared; (2) a chronotectonic framework has been con-structed by means of these reliable ages, which indicates that the ages of the rocks of the Proterozoic mobilebelt fall in a time span of 2400 to 2000 Ma during which global magmatic records are lacking and reflects theages of important events in the mobile belt; (3) according to the ages of inherited zircons, neodymium modelage of the depleted mantle sources (T_(DM)) and geochemical and geological data, a model of Precambrianchronocrustal structure has been constructed, representing a typical for the North China craton.     

The Zoulang Nanshan Caledonian Subduct ion Complex in the Northern Qilian Mountains and Its Dynamics

The front of the Zoulang Nanshan Caledonian volcanic island arc zone in the northern Qilian Mountains is a forearc accretionary terrane, composed of multiple accretionary volcanic island arcs, flysch accretionary wedges,high-pressure metamorphosed detachment zones and remnants of ophiolites. It resulted from the northeastward subduction of the Early Palaeozoic Qilan oceanic crust beneath the Alxa block. High-pressure metamorphism, which occurred during the subduction, progressed through three stages: the initial stage of medium T-high P,the main stage of temperature decrease and pressure increase, and the lag stage of pressure decrease and temperature increase. Finally the paper presents a retrotrench subduction dynamic model indicative of northward subduction of the central Qilian block and southward accretion of the Alxa block during the period of 450-500 Ma.     

关于桩基软弱下卧层验算的几点认识

对于国内外不同的规范、手册中对于桩基软弱下卧层验算的不同方法进行了分析。提出以下的一些建议:承台底面以上的原地基土自重在附加应力计算时可以扣除,在总应力计算时再加上;扣除的群桩实体基础四周的摩阻力应使用群桩四周地基土的摩阻力特征值,而不是极限值;对于地下室中的独立柱的桩基础和内墙的条形桩基础,应当从地下室地面而不是原地面起算进行验算。     

蔚县地热地质特征及地热资源开发利用

河 北 省 蔚 县地 热 属 断 陷沉 积 盆 地 传导 型 中 低 温地 热 资 源 ,具 备 了 盖 层 、热 储 、热 源 以 及 传 热 通 道 等 地 热 系 统的 重要 条 件。 经勘 探 证实 ,该 区地 下 热水 微量 元 素锶 与偏 硅 酸含 量两 项 有益 微量 元 素含 量指 标 均达 到 了国 家 饮 用 天然 矿泉 水 标准 中的 相 关指 标,且水 资 源丰 富、埋藏 浅,有利 于 开发 利用 。     

Investigating soil thermodynamic parameters of the active layer on the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

The soil thermodynamic parameters, including thermal conductivity, diffusivity and volumetric capacity within the active layer on the northern Tibetan Plateau, were calculated using the measured data of soil temperature gradient, heat flux, and moisture at four stations from October 2003 to September 2004. The results showed that the soil thermodynamic parameters exhibited clear seasonal fluctuation. The thermal conductivity and diffusivity in summer and autumn at Beiluhe, Kexinling, and Tongtianhe were larger than those in winter. The volumetric thermal capacity causes an opposite change; it was larger in autumn and winter than in summer. In spring, the soil thermal conductivity at the Kekexili station was larger than that in summer. Generally, fine-grained soils and lower saturation degrees in the topsoil might be a reason for the lower soil thermal conductivity in winter. For a given soil, soil moisture was the main factor influencing the thermodynamic parameters. The unfrozen water content that existed in frozen soils greatly affected the soil thermal conductivity, whose contribution rate was estimated to be 55 %. The thermodynamic parameters of frozen soils could be expressed as a function of soil temperature, volumetric ice content and soil salinity, while for the unfrozen ground the soil moisture content is the dominant factor for those thermal parameters. As for the soil thermal diffusivity, there exists a critical value of soil moisture content. When the soil moisture content becomes less than a critical value, the soil thermal diffusivity increases as the soil moisture content rises.