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991.
Y. Huang Y. P. Li X. Chen A. M. Bao Y. G. Ma 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2013,27(1):147-158
In this study, a multistage simulation-based optimization model is developed for supporting water resources management under uncertainty. The system couples a lumped rainfall-runoff model with an inexact multistage stochastic program, where its random parameter is provided by the statistical analysis of simulation outcomes. Moreover, penalties are exercised with recourse against any infeasibility, which permits in-depth analyses of various policy scenarios that are associated with different levels of economic consequences when the promised water-allocation targets are violated. The developed model can also reflect dynamic features of the system conditions through transactions at discrete points in time over a multistage context. The developed model is applied to a real case of planning water resources management in Tarim River Basin, which is one of the most serious water-shortage regions of China. A variety of policies associated with different water-allocation targets are analyzed. The results are helpful for decision makers identifying optimal water-allocation plans for mitigating the conflict among ecological protection, economic development, and regional sustainability. 相似文献
992.
When the synthetic aperture focusing technology (SAFT) is used for the detection of the concrete, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and detection depth are not satisfactory. Therefore, the application of SAFT is usually limited. In this paper, we propose an improved SAFT technique for the detection of concrete based on the pulse compression technique used in the Radar domain. The proposed method first transmits a linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal, and then compresses the echo signal using the matched filtering method, after which a compressed signal with a narrower main lobe and higher SNR is obtained. With our improved SAFT, the compressed signals are manipulated in the imaging process and the image contrast is improved. Results show that the SNR is improved and the imaging resolution is guaranteed compared with the conventional short-pulse method. From theoretical and experimental results, we show that the proposed method can suppress noise and improve imaging contrast, and can also be used to detect multiple defects in concrete. 相似文献
993.
鱼类过坝后的上溯行为对鱼类寻找适宜的产卵、索饵等功能性栖息地至关重要。现阶段我国大多数研究聚焦于鱼类上溯通过鱼道的游泳行为量化,而过坝后的上溯行为分析鲜有报道。本研究在金沙江下游支流黑水河松新坝址处利用PIT(passive integrated transponder)遥测技术对松新电站过鱼对象短须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax wangchiachii)过坝后的上溯行为开展监测,考虑监测过程中水文情势变化对过坝后上溯行为的影响,采用生存分析方法,构建了耦合多因素(流量、水温、河道涨落水率、昼夜节律、肥满度等)的Cox风险比例回归模型,利用AIC模型准则筛选出最优模型参数,识别了影响鱼类过坝后上溯成功率的关键因素。结果表明:(1)短须裂腹鱼在松新鱼道的上溯效果显著优于河道;(2)水温及河道涨落率是影响短须裂腹鱼过坝后上溯效果的关键因素;(3)水温与短须裂腹鱼过坝后河道上溯成功率呈负相关,当水温超过短须裂腹鱼最适温度后,河道上溯成功率随着温度的上升呈递减趋势;河道涨落水率与短须裂腹鱼过坝后河道上溯成功率呈正相关,其中涨水情势下短须裂腹鱼河道成功上溯的概率高于落水,河道上溯成功率随着涨... 相似文献
994.
梯级小水电的开发一定程度上破坏了河流连通性并阻碍了鱼类洄游通道。黑水河流域松新坝址为了满足鱼类上行产卵修建了松新鱼道,然而作为洄游物种生命周期中的关键行为,鱼类下行洄游的需求也同等重要。为了寻求一种可行、高效、低损伤的下行过鱼方式,了解河流中不同环境因素对鱼类下行效率的影响,本研究在金沙江下游支流黑水河松新水电站补水通道开展鱼类下行过坝效果评估研究。针对两种鲤科鱼类(棒花鱼Abbottina rivularis和短须裂腹鱼Schizothorax wangchiachii)幼鱼和两种鳅科鱼类(短体副鳅Paracobitis potanini和红尾副鳅Paracobitis variegatus)幼鱼各放鱼90尾,定量分析鱼种、水体透明度、放鱼位置、流量、水温、水位等因素对鱼类下行效率的影响。结果表明:棒花鱼、短须裂腹鱼、短体副鳅、红尾副鳅的下行率依次为22.22%(20尾)、28.89%(26尾)、8.89%(8尾)、15.56%(14尾);幼鱼下行成功率与上游河道水温呈正相关趋势,且放鱼位置、鱼种、上游河道水温和流量均对鱼类下行成功率有显著影响。通过构建二元Logistic回归模型识... 相似文献
995.
Earthquakes result from continuous geodynamic processes. A topic of significant interest for the scientific community is to elaborate on the phenomena governing the faulting and fracturing of crustal rocks. Therefore, in this study, uniaxial compressive shear failure experiments were conducted on Fangshan marble rock samples with a prefabricated slot to simulate thrust faulting. The center of each marble plate (105 mm × 80 mm × 5 mm) was engraved with a 30-mm long double-sided nonpenetrating slot (depth: 2 mm, width: 0.5 mm). The deformation and destruction processes of the rock surface were recorded using a high-speed camera. The digital image correlation method was used to calculate the displacement and strain distribution and variation at different loading stages. The accumulative and incremental displacement fields u and v , strain field ex and ey, and shear strain exy were analyzed. When the loading level reached its ultimate value, the strain field was concentrated around the prefabricated slot. The concentration reached a maximum at the ends of the prefabricated slot. The magnitude of shear strain reached 0.1. This experiment contributes to our understanding of the dynamic process of active faulting. 相似文献
996.
现有地震灾害评估系统多以设定地震的方式进行震害评估,无法满足地震灾害风险评估中按照不同烈度对整个行政区域进行地震灾害评估的业务需求,本文以现有计算模型为框架、以ArcEngine 为GIS开发平台、采用C/S结构进行基于居民地的不同烈度下地震灾害评估系统设计。系统以居民地为评估单元,根据选择的评估区域,按照Ⅵ度、Ⅶ度、Ⅷ度、Ⅸ度、大于等于Ⅹ度5个级别分别进行地震灾害建筑物损坏情况和人员伤亡评估,结果可为各级政府及相关部门进行区域地震风险评估、地震灾害预评估提供技术支持。 相似文献
997.
An accessible strong-motion dataset (PGA,PGV, and site vS30) of 2022 MS6.8 Luding,China Earthquake 下载免费PDF全文
Jian Zhou Nan Xi Chuanchuan Kang Li Li Kun Chen Xin Tian Chao Wang Jifeng Tian 《地震科学(英文版)》2023,36(4):309-315
A MS6.8 earthquake occurred on 5th September 2022 in Luding county, Sichuan, China, at 12: 52 Beijing Time(4:52 UTC). We complied a dataset of PGA, PGV, and site vS30 of 73 accelerometers and 791 Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)sensors within 300 km of the epicenter. The inferred vS30 of 820 recording sites were validated. The study results show that:(1)The maximum horizontal PGA and PGV reaches 634.1 Gal and 71.1 cm/s respectively.(2) Over 80% of records ar... 相似文献
998.
999.
Recognition of natural deformation during the excavation of ancient remains and tombs is important for tracing or enriching historic and prehistoric deformation records. Recently, the earthquake agencies,in cooperation with the cultural relics and archaeological institutions, conducted a special excavation investigation to the Gaixia remains archaeological scene in Guzhen,Anhui Province. Faults and fissures were discovered there, which,as demonstrated by the preliminary study,are the traces of two stratum d... 相似文献
1000.
The temporal variability of 210Po and 210Pb was examined in the overlying water of the Zhubi Coral Reef flat to detect nutrient-like behavior of 210Po. Different mechanisms influencing their geochemical behaviors were observed. Excess 210Po relative to 210Pb revealed an additional input of 210Po other than in situ production from 210Pb. The 210Po input comes from the reef flat sediment through diffusion. The diffusion contributes 62% of the total 210Po. This diffusion of 210Po directly highlights its nutrient-like behavior. No input, but the slight removal, of 210Pb was observed. Fractionation factors indicate that particulate matter prefers to adsorb 210Po rather than 210Pb. In combination with particulate composition, 210Po diffusion was closely related to organic matter. These results reveal that 210Po might be a potential tracer for quantifying nutrient recycling in the Coral Reef system. 相似文献