蚌埠隆起老山片麻状二长花岗岩的成岩与变质特征及其地质意义

蚌埠隆起是华北地块上中生代地质研究的一个十分难得的地质单元,它映现了中国东部最重要的两次构造运动(印支运动和燕山运动)所引起的岩浆作用和变质作用,其中,老山片麻状二长花岗岩就是一个代表性产物。该花岗岩的岩相学、地球化学以及锆石学的系统研究显示,它具有两个不同的岩石学特征:①它的斜长石斑晶的牌号(An_(14～18))、相对低硅高钙的主量元素、富Ba、Sr和贫Rb及无Eu负异常的微量元素等特征,以及它所含的岩浆锆石({211}锥面发育、较强的CL亮度及韵律环带构造、包含残核、正常的Hf含量)的U-Pb年龄(223.1 Ma)和ε_(Hf)(t)值(平均值为-14.2),表明它应该是印支运动的同造山花岗岩;②它的片麻状构造(斑晶矿物压扁拉长、各种交代—熔蚀结构)和变质结晶锆石({101}锥面发育、较弱的CL亮度、较高的Hf含量)的U-Pb年龄(156.2 Ma)和ε_(Hf)(t)值(平均值为-17.8),说明它在燕山运动中遭受了同造山变质作用。因此,老山片麻状二长花岗岩的存在,一方面使得大别造山带作为印支期陆陆碰撞造山带的岩石学记录完整,同时也制约了华南与华北两大板块之间碰撞挤压作用峰期的准确时间;另一方面,对燕山运动的起始时间(约170 Ma左右)和挤压高峰出现的时间(155±3 Ma)作出了合理的推断。这两方面的研究结果对于深入了解中国东部中生代的构造演化、岩石类型、成矿作用的现象及其机制具有深远的意义。     

流域非点源磷素输出负荷估算方法研究

目前水质常规监测频率较低,难以客观反映流域非点源污染物浓度随降雨径流过程的变化情况,结果会低估了流域非点源污染物的输出负荷。本文利用流域次降雨过程的连续水质水量同步监测资料,研究分析次降雨过程与流域非点源磷素输出负荷之间的因果关系,并建立次降雨总量与磷素输出负荷的定量相关关系。研究结果表明,流域次降雨总量与非点源磷素输出负荷之间存在较好的相关关系。通过这种定量关系,以流域次降雨总量为输入,可以更为合理地估算出流域非点源磷素输出负荷。     

黄河万家寨水库右岸岩溶渗漏问题

<正> 万家寨水库位于黄河北干流上游段,坝型为混凝土重力坝,坝高约90米,总库容约9.7亿立方米。从五十年代起直到八十年代初,几个单位对本工程曾相继进行了大量地质勘察工作,并对其作过初步设计。三十年来,各家一致认为万家寨水库不存在永久性岩溶渗漏。本文就此问题谈一点认识,不妥之处,欢迎批评指正。      

洁净煤技术应用现状综述

我国是煤炭生产和消费大国 ,大力开发应用适合我国国情的煤炭地下气化技术、工业型煤技术、水煤浆气化技术、煤液化技术、洁净煤联合循环发电技术、煤系废弃物的综合利用技术等洁净煤技术 ,对提高煤炭利用率 ,改善环境状况 ,实现能源工业 (也包括化工及其它相关行业 )的可持续发展 ,有重要意义并具有广阔的发展前景。     

钻孔灌注桩后压浆技术机理的新认识

通过分析上海地区应用钻孔灌注桩后压浆技术的工程实例的试验结果，进一步认识后压浆技术提高钻孔灌注桩承载力的机理，在深入分析和总结的基础上，提出了合理应用后压浆技术的建议。     

云南兰坪北部铜多金属矿化区成矿流体流动与矿化分带——流体包裹体和稳定同位素依据

滇西兰坪盆地北部发育了一类受逆冲推覆构造控制的浅成热液Cu—Ag—Pb-Zn矿化，形成了白秧坪、富隆厂、吴底厂、麻栗坪及金满、科登涧等大-中型矿床和矿点，并存在矿化分带。文章利用这些矿化脉体的流体包裹体和热液方解石的碳氧同位素组成资料，研究成矿流体与矿化分带的关系。结果表明，成矿流体主要属于NaCl-H2O成分体系，盐度ω(NaCleq)为2％～11％，形成温度为170～300℃，形成于1．8～3．8km深度内，这些相似性说明这类矿化的发生具有相似的流体性质和沉淀机制。热液方解石在δ^13C-δ^18O图解中呈近水平线展布的型式，指示流体源自地壳浅部的地下水系统，与海相灰岩等围岩作用形成了溶解碳以[HCO3^]-为主的成矿流体，流体与岩石的相互作用可能是成矿流体沉淀的主要机理。从西到东，流体包裹体的盐度-温度由高到低变化与矿化分带和逆冲推覆构造的根带→中带→锋带相配套，显示重力驱动流动可能是主要的流体流动机制。成矿流体在不同构造部位流动的通畅及流体．岩石系统的封闭-开放程度等流体流动性质与矿化发生的强度和规模有关，兰坪北部逆冲推覆构造中带的流体通畅地流动及沉淀时处于相对开放状态，有利于该区形成较大规模的浅成热液多金属矿化。     

当前地震台站财务管理工作之浅见

本文简要介绍了台站财务管理的现状 ,针对目前台站管理中出现的一些问题 ,阐明加强台站财务管理与会计核算改革的必要性 ,并粗略提出地震台站财务管理工作的改革方向与对策。     

Contamination levels assessment of potential toxic metals in road dust deposited in different types of urban environment

A total of 42 samples of road dust were collected along ring road, city centre, city side, and freeway in Urumqi, China. Total concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mn, Be, Co, Zn, and U were determined by using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in order to assess and to compare road dust contamination levels of metals among the four roads. The results show that, among the four categories of roads, mean concentrations of Co and U vary little. City centre locations show strong enrichments of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Be. Along the ring road, the highest mean concentrations were found for Cr, Ni, Mn, and Co. However, the highest concentrations of Zn and U were found along the freeway. The cluster analysis shows that three main groups can be distinguished. Every group may be associated with different main sources and concentrations of the metals. The results of contamination assessment reveal that, among all of the potential toxic metals, Cd, Cu, and Zn pollution were obviously heavier with moderate or high contamination indices for most road dust samples, while Cr, Ni, and Pb contamination were lower along the four categories of roads. Compared with the city side, Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn contamination were heavier along the ring road, the city centre, and the freeway with high traffic density. Low Pb contamination or no contamination in all the road dust samples may be related to the increasing usage of lead-free petrol.     

Quantitative vulnerability estimation for scenario-based landslide hazards

Within the engineering profession and natural sciences, vulnerability is widely accepted to be defined as the degree of loss (or damage) to a given element or set of elements within the area affected by a threat. The value of vulnerability is expressed nondimensionally between 0 and 1. It is a fundamental component in the evaluation of landslide risk, and its accurate estimation is essential in making a reasonable prediction of the landslide consequences. Obviously, vulnerability to landslides depends not only on the characteristics of the element(s) at risk but also on the landslide intensity. This paper summarizes previous research on vulnerability to landslides and proposes a new quantitative model for vulnerability of structures and persons based on landslide intensity and resistance of exposed elements. In addition, an approximate function is suggested for estimating the vulnerability of persons in structures. Different methods for estimating the vulnerability of various elements to slow or rapid landslides are discussed. Finally, the application of the new model is illustrated through an example.     

Dike Magmatism in the Evolution of the Transform Active Continental Margin of the Siberian Craton in the Ediacaran

Doklady Earth Sciences - An Ediacaran complex of dike rocks has been identified for the first time in the Yenisei Ridge orogen. These igneous rocks are represented by basic, intermediate and acidic...