Extraction of organochlorine pesticides in sediments using soxhlet,ultrasonic and accelerated solvent extraction techniques

The application of soxhlet, ultrasonic and accelerated solvent extraction techniques to the analysis of six organochlorine pesticides (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, o, p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT and p, p'-DDE) in Taihu Lake sediment samples is described. It was found that the limits of quantification ranged from 0.002μgg-1 to 0.004μgg-1, and the recoveries of organochlorine pesticides with the three extraction techniques were acceptable (>80.7%). With a mass selective detector, better results were obtained by accelerated solvent extraction using hexane-acetone (1:1) as compared with soxhlet and ultrasonic extraction. It was shown that the accelerated solvent extraction was the optimum technique for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides in sediments. The general features of the three extraction techniques are also presented.     

大陆岩石圈深部过程的多元同位素制约研究

本文简述了在大陆动力学新的研究框架中大陆岩石圈深部过程研究的重要意义，主要方法和技术途径，以及作为研究实例的中国东部大陆岩石圈演化的主要特征。本文强调了多元同位素示踪理论与地质学和地球物理学相结合的多维制约研究的重要性和必要性。     

人才与环境

人才的成长必然要受到所处环境的的制约, 特别是社会环境, 它对人才成长和发展起着决定性的作用。人才主体利用环境, 特别是社会环境成长的过程, 是主体适应客体, 改造客体以获得锻炼、增长才干的社会实践过程。成才主体要善于发掘和利用社会环境中有利于自我成长的积极因素, 克服不利于成长的消极因素, 顺应时代潮流, 顺境中不自满, 逆境中不自馁, 努力创造和谐的人际环境, 使自己成为更高层次的人才。     

Postcrystallization thermal evolution history of Gangdese batholithic zone and its tectonic implication

Using cooling curves of K-feldspars obtained by using specific⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar stepe heating procedure and multiple diffusion domain modeling (MDD model), together with results of dating hornblends, biotite, and apatite, further work has been done to examine the characteristics of the postcrystallization thermal evolution history of Gangdese batholithic zone, to compare the starting times of rapid cooling events with the variation regularities of apatite fission track (FT) ages in the eastern and western parts of Gangdese batholithic zone, and to provide the evidence for mass transport and energy transfers in the lithosphere after the collision between Indian and Eurasian plates. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49473171).     

A non-breaking-wave-generated turbulence mixing scheme for a global ocean general circulation model

Ocean Dynamics - A novel vertical mixing scheme to describe the influence of the non-breaking surface waves in ocean general circulation models is proposed based on the second-order turbulence...     

基于卫星高度计和漂流浮标数据间数学校验关系的黑潮流轴和流路主成分估计

由于卫星高度计数据分辨率高、观测范围广的特点,我们使用该数据开展了黑潮流的研究。在之前的研究中,卫星绝对地转流都被用于对黑潮流域的表层流场的时空变化特征进行研究,并采用了一些探测方法提取了黑潮流轴和流路。然而,海面绝对地转流是由绝对动力地形估计得到,应该被当做实际流场的地转分量,在实际应用中并不能代表真实流场。在本研究中,建立了气候态绝对地转流与网格平均的漂流浮标流场间的数学校验关系,以此对卫星绝对地转流场进行修正,即便这两种数据的性质存在些许偏差。因此,基于主成分探测法,修正后的卫星绝对地转流被用于探测黑潮流轴和流路。对比结果表明,由修正后的卫星地转流场探测得到的黑潮流轴和流路均要好于地转流和表层流估计结果。修正后的地转流有助于开展更加准确的黑潮流轴和流路的逐日探测。     

A culture-dependent survey of thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in Xiamen area in China

Microbes are believed to play important roles in ecosystem function in many environments. The hot springs of Xiamen Island are close to the Xiamen Sea, and may have some characteristics different from those of inland hot springs. Microbes living in the hot springs of Xiamen may have new characteristics. However, little is known about microbial communities of hot springs close to the Xiamen Sea. A cuhure-dependent survey of microbial population in the Xiamen hot springs was pcrformed by using an approach combining total cellular protein profile identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 328 isolates of bacteria were obtained from liquid and sediment samples from the Xiamen hot springs, including neutrophilie thermophilic bacteria and moderately thermophilic acidophiles. Neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria, which grow at a temperature range of 55-90℃ including Rhodothermus marinus (Strain 1) , Thermus thermophilus (Strain 2), Thermus thiopara (Strain 3) , Geobacillus stearothermophilus(Strain 4) , Geobacillus thermoleovorans (Strain 5) , and Pseudomonas pseudoal-caligenes (Strain 6), were recovered by 2216E plates. Moderately thermophilic acidophiles, which can grow at temperatures above 50℃ and a pH range of 1. 8-3.5 such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (Strain 8) , Sul-fobacillus acidophilus (Strain 9), and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (Strain 10), were isolated on selective solid medium containing sulfur and Fe2+. Among these strains, Rhodothermus marinus, Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are not only thermophilcs, but also halophiles. One bacterium strain (Strain 6) shared 99% nucleotide sequence homology with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on the 16S rRNA gene se-quence, but was quite different from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in biological characteristics, suggesting that it may represent a novel thermophilic species. Results indicated that various species of neutrophilic thermophiles and moderately thermophilic acidophiles were widely distributed in the Xiamen hot springs and that Rhodother-mus marinus and Thermus thermophilus dominated the cultivable microbial community.     

洋山深水港风暴增、减水特征

依据小洋山1997年8月至2002年12月的实测潮位,采用王骥、方国洪的分潮模式,进行潮汐调和分析,给出天文潮预报,对期间的实测潮位进行增、减水分离,获取洋山深水港区风暴增、减水特征,以及典型的风暴的增减水过程,经对1998-2002年实测资料分离,≥30cm的增水年均17.2场,≥30 cm的减水年均9场,引发严重增水的主要是台风.同时检索、比对大量的台风资料,分析引发洋山港海域严重和特大风暴潮的台风路径主要是在浙江北部到长江口沿海登陆的台风和在浙江北部、上海市近海北上或转向的台风.     

海州—大悟地区沉积变质磷矿成矿预测与远景评价

通过对海州-大悟地区含磷地层岩性特征、地层层序、形成时代、岩相古地理环境等方面的分析研究,认为本区磷矿层位和相关成矿条件可与鄂西陡山沱期磷矿对比。大别山北部也具备一定的成磷条件。预测沭阳滥洪-华冲、霍山驼岭-金寨、广济牛头山-黄梅塔儿畈、应山-广水为4个找矿远景乐观的地区。     

Petrology and geochemistry of Zijinshan alkaline intrusive complex in Shanxi Province, western North China Craton: Implication for magma mixing of different sources in an extensional regime

In situ zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions and whole rock geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic data are presented for the Zijinshan alkaline intrusive complex from the Shanxi Province, western North China Craton. Salic rocks dominate the complex with the monzonite occurring in the outermost and pseudoleucite phonolitic breccia in the center. The intrusion took place 127 Ma ago with the earliest emplacement of monzonite and the termination of cryptoexplosive pseudoleucite phonolitic breccia. All rocks from this complex show LREE enrichment and HFSE depletion and exhibit enriched to depleted Sr–Nd isotopic features. The presence of inherited zircons and enriched Hf isotopic compositions in zircon rims, along with the enriched whole rock Sr–Nd isotopic compositions, indicate that the monzonite was formed through the mixing of lithospheric mantle-derived magma with lower crust-derived melts. The diopside syenite and nepheline-bearing diopside syenite are more depleted than the monzonite in terms of the Sr and Nd isotopes, together with their very high concentrations of LILE, we proposed that they originated from a mixed mantle source of enriched lithospheric mantle and depleted asthenosphere. The nepheline syenite has very low concentrations of MgO, Ni, Cr, suggesting that the magma underwent significant crystal fractionation. The most depleted Sr and Nd isotopic compositions ((⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i = 0.7036–0.7042, ε_Nd(t) = − 0.2–0.3) among all rock types indicate a great contribution of asthenosphere to the nepheline syenite. The Zijinshan complex and its related crust-mantle interaction occurred in an extensional environment which resulted in continuously asthenospheric upwelling. Such an extensional environment might have been developed during the post-orogenic stage of the Late Paleozoic amalgamation of North China Craton with Mongolian continents and subsequent Mongol–Okhotsk ocean closure.