GPS单频精密单点定位方法与实践

讨论了单频精密单点定位的解算方法与思路,编写了单频精密动态单点定位的程序,实现了事后动态单频精密单点定位.     

一个新的沉积变质型钛矿床的成矿模式及找矿方法

内蒙古羊蹄子山沉积变质型钛矿床是一个新的钛矿床类型。通过对地质、地球物理前提条件的研究和找矿方法试验,认为高精度磁法是找沉积变质型钛矿床的基本方法,重力为有效的找矿方法。在矿区北带磨石山以金红石为主的富钛矿体上有600 μGal的重力异常,无磁异常;南带的羊蹄子山钛铁矿体上重力异常为500 μGal,有60 nT的弱磁异常。     

辽宁东五家子金矿矿脉含矿性评价标志研究

辽宁东五家子金矿的矿脉由蚀变岩和石英脉透镜体构成,可采矿体均为硫化物石英脉型.工业矿脉中,石英为烟灰色,发育他形、半自形的细粒黄铁矿等硫化物,有较大规模的矿体.矿化脉中,石英为乳白色,发育粗粒、自形的浅色黄铁矿,无可采矿体.在工业矿脉、次要矿脉、矿化脉的蚀变岩和石英脉样品中,Au,Hg与其他元素的相关性有明显区别.用石英脉样品的As-Ni-Ba图解和蚀变岩样品的Au-Ag-Ba图解预测,矿区外围的西沟1号脉和西沟3号脉属于工业矿脉.     

Benthic nutrient fluxes in the intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary

In an annual cycle from March 2005 to February 2006, benthic nutrient fluxes were measured monthly in the Dongtan intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary. Except for NH4^＋, there always showed high fluxes from overlying water into sediment for other four nutrients. Sediments in the high and middle marshes, covered with halophyte and consisting of macrofauna, demonstrated more capabilities of assimilating nutrients from overlying water than the low marsh. Sampling seasons and nutrient concentrations in the overlying water could both exert significant effects on these fluxes. Additionally, according to the model provided by previous study, denitrification rates, that utilizing NO3- transported from overlying water （Dw） in Dongtan sediments, were estimated to be from -16 to 193 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 with an average value of 63 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 （n=18）. These estimated values are still underestimates of the in-situ rates owing to the lack of consideration of DN, i.e., denitrification supported by the local NO3^- production via nitrification.     

Geochemistry and environmental effect of cadmium in the super-large Jinding Pb-Zn deposit,Yunnan Province,China

The Jinding Pb-Zn deposit in Yunnan Province is the representative of a Cd-enriched area and mining activities lead to the release of Cd into the hypergenic ecosystem, resulting in Cd pollution. The concentrations of Cd vary greatly from one type to another type of rocks in the mining district. In the host rock, Cd concentrations range from 50×10^-6 to 650×10^-6 with an average of 310×10^-6. In primary ores, Cd concentrations range from 14×10^-6 to 2800×10^-6 with an average of 767×10^-6. However, in oxidized ores, Cd concentrations are highest, varying within the range of 110×10^-6 to 8200×10^-6 , averaging 1661×10^-6. It is shown that the oxidized ores are the main carder and environmental source of Cd. Leaching test showed that Pb/Zn ores are easy to oxidize and thereafter release Cd and other harmful elements. These leached elements in the leachate may be precipitated rapidly in the order of Zn〉Pb〉Cd. As for the concentration distribution of Cd in the Bijiang River, it is estimated to be 15.7 μg/L Cd in water, 49.3 mg/L in suspended substances, and 203.7 mg/L in sediments. The average value of Cd in soil from the polluted area is 83.0 mg/kg. Natural weathering of Cd-rich rocks and minerals imposes a potential environmental risk on the aquatic ecosystem of the Bijiang catchment.     

Interaction of copper with fatty acids in Soxhlet extraction and its influence

Treatment with metallic copper for the removal of elemental sulfur from bitumen extracted from sedimentary rocks or petroleum is the most widely used method. Little attention has been paid, however, to its disadvantages. It was observed that copper can interact with some polar organic substances during conventional sulfur removal, which can strongly influence the quantitative and qualitative determination of bitumen, as has been confirmed by interaction of long-chain fatty acids with copper. The copper soap generated was analyzed by element analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry （ICP-OES）, thermal analysis （TG-DSC） and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy （FFIR）. Mechanism of the interaction was investigated and elucidated. Our experimental results would necessitate improvement of the present method for sulfur removal and/or a search for a new one.     

福建建阳大金山铅锌矿床地球物理化学异常特征

大金山铅锌矿位于泰宁一政和北东东向铜多金属成矿带上,是该成矿带主要的矿种之一,也是闽北地区一个较有价值的矿床。矿床产于早元古代南山组上段,受燕山期北东东向构造控制,属中低温热液充填交代型矿床。     

甘肃王河金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

王河金矿床是李坝金矿田的组成部分。矿床产于秦岭造山带泥盆纪浅变质碎屑岩中,区域地质构造较复杂,岩浆活动频繁且强烈,是一受断裂、岩浆活动和蚀变带控制的蚀变岩型（工业类型为徽细粒浸染型）金矿。通过对矿床地质特征、控矿因素及找矿标志的研究认为,已知矿体深部及西部找矿潜力很大,应进一步开展找矿工作。     

老松公路延吉段K64+300～K64+900边坡稳定性评价及治理措施

对老松公路10标边坡开挖后的稳定性分析表明,地表及地下水是影响其稳定性的重要因素,排水不畅使边坡体饱水处于欠安全状态,稳定性难以保证.针对该边坡体的特点,采用了支撑盲沟和排水盲沟联合作用并结合坡面防护的处治措施,疏干坡体内地表及地下水,增大抗滑力,达到了提高边坡稳定性,保护生态环境,美化公路的目的.     

地下水土石油类污染修复技术途径

石油工业在开采、加工、运输、储备过程中石油及其初加工产品泄漏,进入环境造成污染。本文根据国内外现有异位修复技术和原位修复技术研究成果,提出“加强场地调查,有效控制污染源,阻断污染途径,同时开展受污染地下水土修复,优化组合多种修复技术方法”路线,表明可修复地下水土石油类有机污染。