The effects of soil sand contents on characteristics of humic acids along soil profiles

It is generally accepted that the compositions and properties of soil organic matter (SOM) are influenced by many factors. In order to reveal the effects of soil texture on characteristics and dynamics of SOM and its sub-fraction, humic acid (HA), along two soil profiles, a yellow soil profile and a purplish soil profile, under the same climate and vegetation conditions were determined. Results indicate that the decomposition and humification degrees of SOM and HA of the purplish soils are higher than those of the corresponding yellow soils indicated by A/O–A ratios of HAs, TOCs and HA yields of bulk soil samples, nevertheless, the development degree of the purplish soil is lower than that of the yellow soil. The variations of E₄/E₆ ratios of HAs along the soil profiles indicate the overall molecular sizes of HAs decreased downward along the soil profiles. A/O–A ratios of HAs decreased downward along both the soil profiles indicate that humification processes decrease downward along both the soil profiles. Leaching of SOM shows significant effects on the distribution and characteristics of HAs in the yellow soil profile but the purplish soil profile, which is consistent with the higher hydrophobicity of HAs in purplish soils, shows that the distribution characteristics of SOM along the soil profiles are a complex result of the combination of soil texture and characteristics of SOM itself. The remarkably different sand contents are concluded tentatively as one of reasons to the different distributions and dynamics of HAs along the soil profiles, however, to profoundly understand the evolution and transport of SOM along soil profiles needs more researches.     

中国三地软玉的矿物组成和成矿地质背景研究

为了查明新疆玛纳斯、青海格尔木、江苏溧阳产软玉的矿物组成和了解其品质与矿物组成的内在联系,为软玉的鉴别与质量评价等提供基础资料,采用偏光显微镜、电子探针、X射线粉末衍射等测试方法对3个产地的软玉样品进行了测试分析,从矿物成因特征、结构构造、矿物组成、化学成分等方面进行了对比分析。结果表明,新疆玛纳斯、青海格尔木、江苏溧阳的软玉虽然均由透闪石组成,但其晶体中Mg与Fe的离子数量明显不同,玛纳斯碧玉中的透闪石含有更多的Fe,其化学成分十分接近阳起石的;玛纳斯碧玉的成矿地质背景与格尔木和溧阳的有所差别,形成于蛇纹石化超镁铁岩中,富含FeOT和MgO,而溧阳和格尔木软玉则产于中酸性火成岩与白云质大理岩的接触带中,其FeOT的质量分数较低。软玉的颜色、韧性和透明度主要取决于其形成的地质背景条件。     

NCAR绘图软件在Windows下的编程

介绍了NCAR绘图软件在Windows下的编程方法和具体实现，解决了在科研绘图工作中遇到的一些实际问题，对在Windows下编程的静态链接和动态链接进行了分析和研究，为Fortran编程员提供了在Windows下编程的基础。     

Possible link between new coronavirus variants and atmospheric lightning and seawater intrusion

自新型冠状病毒肺炎暴发一年多以来,已经对全球产生深远影响.新型冠状病毒肺炎变异毒株的出现使当前疫情发展充满了不确定性.从这方面出发,我们讨论病毒变异与大气因素之间的联系.根据固氮过程和硝酸盐在人体中的转化过程,我们提出了新型冠状病毒肺炎变异毒株的出现或许和闪电以及海水入侵有联系.我们的研究对新型冠状病毒肺炎变异毒株可能的产生原因提供新的观点.     

中国过去2000年湖泊沉积记录的高分辨率研究:现状与问题

过去２ｋａ地球环境的变化规律和原因是全球变化研究的关键内容之一，与其它自然记录相比，湖泊沉积具有储存信息量大，时间分辨率高和地理覆盖面广的优势。中国８０年代后期以来已陆续开展了全新世湖泊沉积与气候，环境演化研究，并有迅速发展之势，对于过去２ｋａ湖泊沉积的高分辨率研究，需要重视以下几方面问题，即提高核素测年的精度，建立环境指标的转换函数，注意早期化学成岩作用，选择分层湖和年层沉积，探讨气候要素有效指     

海水入侵水化学指标及侵染程度评价研究

选择Ｃｌ＾,Ｍ、Ｂｒ＾－,ｒＨＣＯ３／ｒＣｌ及ＳＡＲ５项水化学要素作为综合判断海水入侵的指标：染程度划分为４级;确定了各项指标入程度的等级范围。入侵程度的衡理采用模糊数学综合判模型。     

Characteristics of dry-wet abrupt alternation events in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the relationship with ENSO

During recent decades, more frequent flood-drought alternations have been seen in China as a result of global climate change and intensive human activities, which have significant implications on water and food security. To better identify the characteristics of flood-drought alternations, we proposed a modified dry-wet abrupt alternation index (DWAAI) and applied the new method in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin (YRB-ML) to analyze the long-term spatio-temporal characteristics of dry-wet abrupt alternation (DWAA) events based on the daily precipitation observations at 75 rainfall stations in summer from 1960 to 2015. We found that the DWAA events have been spreading in the study area with higher frequency and intensity since 1960. In particular, the DWAA events mainly occurred in May and June in the northwest of the YRB-ML, including Hanjiang River Basin, the middle reaches of the YRB, north of Dongting Lake and northwest of Poyang Lake. In addition, we also analyzed the impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on DWAA events in the YRB-ML. The results showed that around 41.04% of DWAA events occurred during the declining stages of La Niña or within the subsequent 8 months after La Niña, which implies that La Niña events could be predictive signals of DWAA events. Besides, significant negative correlations have been found between the modified DWAAI values of all the rainfall stations and the sea surface temperature anomalies in the Nino3.4 region within the 6 months prior to the DWAA events, particularly for the Poyang Lake watershed and the middle reaches of the YRB. This study has significant implications on the flood and drought control and water resources management in the YRB-ML under the challenge of future climate change.     

鄂西北构家河金矿床成矿流体特征

构家河金矿床位于南秦岭武当山西缘,产于绢云绿泥石英片岩和变石英砂岩之中,受韧性滑脱剪切构造带控制。矿化类型主要有破碎带蚀变岩型和石英脉型,其中前者形成了破碎带蚀变岩型主矿体,呈似层状或透镜状分布于近南北向断裂中,次矿体分布在北西和北东向次级断裂中,为石英脉型矿体。成矿作用包括3个阶段:石英-硫化物阶段、石英-硫化物-金银矿化阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段。对主矿体石英-硫化物-金银矿化阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段的流体包裹体进行了显微观察和测温,同时对不同阶段的石英和方解石、白云石等进行了D、O、C同位素测试。结果显示,包裹体以原生气液两相包裹体为主,且主要为富液相包裹体;石英-硫化物-金银矿化阶段包裹体均一温度集中于180~270℃,峰值为220℃,盐度和密度分别为1.40%~14.46%和0.60~0.97g/cm~3;石英-碳酸盐阶段均一温度峰值为170℃,盐度和密度分别为1.34%~7.31%和0.86~0.96g/cm~3;石英-硫化物-金银矿化阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段石英的δD_(v-SMOW)值分别为-93.3%~70.9‰和-91.6%‰~-67.2‰,δ~(18)O_(v-SMOW)值为12.9‰~14.5‰和11.9‰~13.8‰;方解石和白云石的δ~(13)C_(V.PDB)值为-12.4‰~-12.0‰,δ~(18)O_(v-PDB)值为-18.4‰~-18.1‰。成矿流体特征显示该矿床初始成矿流体为中温、低盐度的变质热液,再结合区域成矿地质与成矿构造背景,认为构家河金矿为造山型金矿床。     

743阳离子交换快速分离——ICPS-PGS2单道扫描直读光谱仪测定地质样品中15个微量稀土元素

本文采用过氧化钠(Na_2O_2)熔样,743阳离子交换树脂快速分离,0.4mol/L柠檬酸25ml洗脱稀土,无需浓缩,即可用lCPS-PGS2单道扫描直读光谱仪直接测定15个微量稀土元素。在选择的最佳测量条件下,本法测定下限为0.005~g/ml(Eu)-0.50μg/ml(Ce),标准加入回收在88％—110％之间,样品分析精度为3.3％—17％,样品分析结果与参考值相符。本法适用于一般地质样品中微量稀土元素的例行分析。     

中国东部植被NDVI对气温和降水的时空响应(英文)

Temporal and spatial response characteristics of vegetation NDVI to the variation of temperature and precipitation in the whole year,spring,summer and autumn was analyzed from April 1998 to March 2008 based on the SPOT VGT-NDVI data and daily temperature and precipitation data from 205 meteorological stations in eastern China.The results indicate that as a whole,the response of vegetation NDVI to the variation of temperature is more pronounced than that of precipitation in eastern China.Vegetation NDVI maxi...