Geomorphology,acoustic backscatter,and processes in Santa Monica Bay from multibeam mapping

Santa Monica Bay was mapped in 1996 using a high-resolution multibeam system, providing the first substantial update of the submarine geomorphology since the initial compilation by Shepard and Emery [(1941) Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Paper 31]. The multibeam mapping generated not only high-resolution bathymetry, but also coregistered, calibrated acoustic backscatter at 95 kHz. The geomorphology has been subdivided into six provinces; shelf, marginal plateau, submarine canyon, basin slope, apron, and basin. The dimensions, gradients, and backscatter characteristics of each province is described and related to a combination of tectonics, climate, sea level, and sediment supply. Fluctuations of eustatic sea level have had a profound effect on the area; by periodically eroding the surface of Santa Monica plateau, extending the mouth of the Los Angeles River to various locations along the shelf break, and by connecting submarine canyons to rivers. A wetter glacial climate undoubtedly generated more sediment to the rivers that then transported the increased sediment load to the low-stand coastline and canyon heads. The trends of Santa Monica Canyon and several bathymetric highs suggest a complex tectonic stress field that has controlled the various segments. There is no geomorphic evidence to suggest Redondo Canyon is fault controlled. The San Pedro fault can be extended more than 30 km to the northwest by the alignment of a series of bathymetric highs and abrupt changes in direction of channel thalwegs.     

A Study on Impervious and Heat-Insulating Performance of Geomembrane Composites Within Breakwater

This paper investigates the performance of geomembrane composites used as impervious andheat-insulating lining within a breakwater for a power station.The seepage field,distribution ofstress-strain contour and seepage discharge of hot water which has been treated as the inner thermalsource in the calculation of heat-insulation,have been given by three-dimensional calculation method coup-ling seepage with stress.The results indicate that the impervious and heat-insulation effect ofgeomembrane composites is significant.     

Observations of upwelling around the Izu Peninsula,Japan: May 1982

Hydrographic observations between the Izu Peninsula and Oshima Island, Japan, in May 1982, showed upwelling around the tip of the Peninsula and possibly also in the lee of Oshima Island. The upwelling introduced water as cold as 18 C with nitrate concentrations of 3M to the surface. Temperature/salinity analyses indicated that the upwelled water was of Kuroshio characteristics. Slightly fresher water was advected out of Sagami Bay in a coastal counter current.Contribution number 470 from the Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba.     

南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡及邻区地壳结构反演及构造解析

南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡及邻区是南极半岛海域火山、地震等新构造运动最活跃的地区,由于前人对资料处理解释的差异,导致盆地的构造格局仍部分存疑。本文以研究区的卫星重力数据为基础,以多道反射地震和部分岩性资料为约束,采用重震联合反演方法构建了三条横跨研究区的地壳结构剖面,并进一步研究布兰斯菲尔德海峡盆地的地壳结构。研究结果表明布兰斯菲尔德海峡盆地莫霍面深度为33—38km。菲尼克斯板块俯冲消减下沉至南设得兰岛弧之下,导致南设得兰海沟的俯冲带后撤,产生3—4km厚的岩浆混染地壳,密度为2.9g/cm³。分析认为受板块运动和弧后扩张影响,沿布兰斯菲尔德海峡盆地扩张脊分布的海底火山裂隙式喷发,并进一步导致盆地的持续性扩张。     

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷灰岩潜山储层特征及分布规律

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷经过多年勘探,常规碎屑岩领域勘探潜力越来越小,灰岩潜山勘探程度低,剩余资源潜力大,1,2号断裂带周缘已发现多个潜山油田或含油构造,展示了其良好的勘探前景。综合利用岩心观察、薄片分析、测井分析、测试分析等,结合区域构造演化及海平面波动研究灰岩潜山储层特征,深入剖析灰岩潜山有利储层控制因素及展布规律,研究表明,涠西南凹陷1号断裂带灰岩潜山主要为碳酸盐岩台地边缘滩相储层,发育颗粒灰岩,为后期构造破裂作用和岩溶作用提供了良好的物质基础,储层储集空间为孔隙+缝、洞型,强烈白云岩化明显改善孔隙型储层,同时,1号断裂带周缘（廉江-信宜断裂向海延伸）经历中生代早期左旋压扭及晚期右旋张扭的复杂构造演变,晚期的张扭型裂缝可为岩溶提供良好的渗流通道,加速了风化淋滤的进程,形成沟通良好的溶蚀孔洞。指出涠洲E近似于涠洲A区,位于强应力的构造裂缝发育区,白云化及溶蚀作用发育,为有利勘探方向,为涠西南凹陷灰岩潜山勘探提供地质依据。     

我国东南沿海区域海表面流场卫星遥感监测

应用MODIS极轨卫星云图资料,进行MODIS资料的数据处理及大气环境参数反演和海表特性反演后,对我国东南沿海区域表面海流进行了监测,建立了集信息综合分析和动态监测为一体的MODIS云图和海表面流场监测系统.实践证明整个系统运行稳定,具有实用性和可扩展性强的特点.     

多智能体协同高精地图构建关键技术研究

自动驾驶车辆的自动化驾驶程度越高,对高精地图的要求越高.智能化的高精地图能够为L5级别自动驾驶车辆提供所需地图数据,是未来高精地图发展的重要方向.基于目前高精地图的构建方法,本文首先提出多智能体协同高精地图构建的定义,分析其构建框架.然后,对多智能体数据采集路径规划、多源异构一体化数据融合与表达、道路场景认知、智能高精地图融合、智能高精地图更新等关键技术进行了研究,提出了可行的技术方案.最后,分析了其未来构建过程中存在的挑战.     

冻融循环作用下边坡地震动稳定性研究

季节冻土区和多年冻土区边坡在经历冻融循环后其力学性质产生较大变化,边坡稳定性随之改变,在地震动荷载作用下存在着巨大的安全隐患.本文基于FLAC数值软件,将考虑冻土相变的显热熔算法引入热学计算模块,并结合静态边界动力计算模块,建立了适用于冻融循环条件下的边坡地震动稳定性分析平台.研究了冻融循环对边坡土体地震动稳定性的影响.结果表明,在发生冻融循环的季节冻土区或多年冻土已经退化的区域,地震动后边坡的塑性破坏形式主要取决于发生冻融循环的活动层的范围.     

基于DLG信息的重点要素变化自动检测技术

结合国家基础地理信息数据库动态更新工程,本文采用基于DLG信息的重点要素快速变化发现技术,对省(市)级基础测绘成果与国家1∶50 000地形数据库进行了变化检测,达到了项目更新的技术要求,提高了更新工作效率。