TiCl_4水解制备金红石型TiO_2纳米粉

实验以 Ti Cl4 为主要原料 ,采用直接水解法制备出了 Ti O2 样品。经差热 -热重 ( DTA-TG)、X-射线衍射 ( XRD)、透射电子显微镜 ( TEM)和比表面 ( BET)分析 ,得出样品 Ti O2 的晶型为金红石型 ,其粒子近似呈球形 ,各个晶面所对应的粒径基本一致 ,分布在 7.0～ 12 .0 nm之间 ,平均粒径为 10 .5nm,对应的比表面积和孔容积分别为 166m2 /g和 0 .12 m L/     

镉对中华绒螯蟹肝R—细胞亚显微结构及血清谷丙转氨酶(SGPT)活力的影响

作者提出镉对中华绒螯蟹肝胰脏R—细胞亚显微结构和血清谷丙转氨酶活力影响。在亚显微结构水平上,R—细胞中,受影响变化最明显的是线粒体;线粒体体积和其内膜嵴的破坏程度与介质镉浓度成显著的正相关关系;随镉浓度的升高,细胞器减少,内质网膨胀,细胞质和线粒体基质变稀薄。SGPT活力也随镉浓度升高而显著增大,并与R—细胞亚显微结构变化程度一致。本文还就处于不同镉浓度下的标本,与生理机能相联系的R—细胞形态变化的意义、R-细胞线粒体亚显微结构变化与SGPT活力变化的关系及SGPT活性变化的特点等进行了初步探讨。     

北京地区百花山、东灵山表土花粉的特征分析

本文分析了北京地区百花山、东灵山两个垂直带谱不同植被类型的表土花粉，通过表土花粉百分比和浓度图式分析，结合垂直带谱的植被特征，初步回答了某些植物科属表土花粉与其植被的特征关系，并试图结合植物科属花粉产量的特征、散布能力、保存条件及地形特征对表土花粉中一些植物科属的代表性作了探讨，从而为依据化石孢粉恢复北京地区乃至华北地区的历史植被和环境提供了重要参考资料。     

Experimental Study of Factors Controlling Sorption of Heavy Metals on Ariake Clay and Implication for Practice

A series of batch tests have been presented to investigate the effects of solid-solution contact time, solid:solution ratio, and pH of solution on sorption of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ on Ariake clay from Kyushu region of Japan. The results show that, among the three investigated factors, solid:solution ratio (SD/SN) seems to be the crucial controlling factor. The Freundlich sorption parameters determined from the batch tests were applied to a typical field landfill in which the Ariake clay was used as soil barrier. The impacts of the landfill were assessed by numerical analysis. Based on the analysis result, the significance of selecting proper solid:solution ratio for determining sorption parameters from batch test has been discussed.     

Seasonal variation and formation mechanism of the South China Sea warm water

The South China Sea warm water (SCSWW) is identified as the warm water body withtemperature no less than 28℃ . There are three stages in the seasonal variation of the SCSWW. The SCSWW expands rapidly and deepens quickly in the developing stage. The warm water thickness decreases near the coast of Vietnam and increases near Palawan Island in the steady stage. The SCSWW flinches southward while its thickness off Palawan Island remains no less than 50 m in the flinching stage. The maximum thickness of the SCSWW is always located near the southeastern SCS. The seasonal variation of the SCSWW has a close relationship with seasonal variation of the thermocline. According to the analysis of the numerical experiment results from the Princeton Ocean Model (POM), the mechanism of the seasonal variation of the SCSWW can be interpreted as: (1) in the developing stage, the rapidly expanding and thickening feature of the SCSWW is mainly due to buoyancy flux effect (67% contribution). The weak wind and anticyclonic wi     

Laboratory Studies on Property Changes in Surrounding Clays Due to Installation of Deep Mixing Columns

This paper has identified six major factors causing property changes in surrounding soils during and after installation of deep mixing columns: soil thixotropy, soil fracturing, cement penetration and diffusion, cementation, consolidation, and heating. Laboratory tests were performed to investigate the effects of soil thixotropy, soil fracturing, and cementation in a soft marine clay, Ariake clay. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate property changes in surrounding clays due to installation of deep mixing columns. Test results showed that an influential zone of property changes existed in surrounding clay ranging from the edge of the columns to the distance of about twice the radius of the columns. Within this influential zone, water content decreased as samples neared the columns, while pH values and electric conductivity increased. Test results also showed that undrained shear strengths of the surrounding clays decreased during mixing but regained after a 7-day curing period and continued increasing during 28 days in this study.     

海平面上升对中国沿海地区影响初析

近五十年来中国沿岸海平面变化总的呈上升趋势，年变率平均为１．４ｍｍ／ａ，中国沿岸地形复杂，未来海平面上升可能影响的主要脆弱区为黄河、长江和珠江三大三角洲和滨海平原，其可能受害区域估计达３５０００ｋｍ＾２。影响中国沿岸相对海平面上升的主要因素有：近代地壳垂直运动和地面沉降，台风和风暴潮，海岸侵蚀和海咸水入侵等。     

利用放射性示踪沙定量观测长江口北槽航道抛泥区底沙运动

１９９１年６月在国际原子能机构的合作下，在长江口北槽航道上抛泥区进行了一次大规模的放射性示踪沙试验。示踪核素为钪－４６，总活度为１７．９５×１０~（１０）Ｂｑ（４．８５Ｃｉ），示踪沙投放总量为４９５ｇ。本试验目的是通过定量观测底沙运移的方向、路线、速度和输沙率，以期为北槽航道上抛泥区今后能否继续作为抛泥区使用提供直观可靠论据。本次试验观测资料表明，在北槽航道上抛泥区，在中小讯期间，无论是涨潮时投放的示踪沙还是落潮时投放的示踪沙都受落潮流控制，并向北槽航道中段输移。据测量资料分析，在上口抛泥区投放的示踪沙最终沿着１１０°的运动方向以７５８ｍ／ｄ的运动速度，在２６９~＃航标附近进入挖槽，单宽输沙率为４７．８ｍ~３／ｍｄ。     

现代长江口水下底坡上的微地貌类型及分区

旁侧扫描声纳记录真实地揭示出现代长江口水下底坡上发育的微地貌形态。指出微地貌的形态特征及其分布规律与长江泥沙的传输分布、长江口区海域的水动力机制密切相关。     

日中洱海生态调查

于１９９２年５月中旬，日本琵琶湖研究所与中国大理州环科所联合对洱海进行生态调查，初步摸清了夏季末洱海关理化参数及生物的分布规律。分析表明，尽管湖区处于旱季末，洱海水质仍然保持良好状态。