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1.
J. Ignacio López-Moreno Leena Leppänen Bartłomiej Luks Ladislav Holko Ghislain Picard Alba Sanmiguel-Vallelado Esteban Alonso-González David C. Finger Ali N. Arslan Katalin Gillemot Aynur Sensoy Arda Sorman M. Cansaran Ertaş Steven R. Fassnacht Charles Fierz Christoph Marty 《水文研究》2020,34(14):3120-3133
Manually collected snow data are often considered as ground truth for many applications such as climatological or hydrological studies. However, there are many sources of uncertainty that are not quantified in detail. For the determination of water equivalent of snow cover (SWE), different snow core samplers and scales are used, but they are all based on the same measurement principle. We conducted two field campaigns with 9 samplers commonly used in observational measurements and research in Europe and northern America to better quantify uncertainties when measuring depth, density and SWE with core samplers. During the first campaign, as a first approach to distinguish snow variability measured at the plot and at the point scale, repeated measurements were taken along two 20 m long snow pits. The results revealed a much higher variability of SWE at the plot scale (resulting from both natural variability and instrumental bias) compared to repeated measurements at the same spot (resulting mostly from error induced by observers or very small scale variability of snow depth). The exceptionally homogeneous snowpack found in the second campaign permitted to almost neglect the natural variability of the snowpack properties and focus on the separation between instrumental bias and error induced by observers. Reported uncertainties refer to a shallow, homogeneous tundra-taiga snowpack less than 1 m deep (loose, mostly recrystallised snow and no wind impact). Under such measurement conditions, the uncertainty in bulk snow density estimation is about 5% for an individual instrument and is close to 10% among different instruments. Results confirmed that instrumental bias exceeded both the natural variability and the error induced by observers, even in the case when observers were not familiar with a given snow core sampler. 相似文献
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Huth Radan Mládek Richard Metelka Ladislav Sedlák Pavel Huthová Zuzana Kliegrová Stanislava Kyselý Jan Pokorná Lucie Halenka Tomáš Janoušek Martin 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2003,47(4):863-873
This note summarizes results of the first integration of regional numerical weather prediction model ALADIN in a climate mode. The ALADIN model, developed in an international cooperation led by Météo France, is operationally used for weather prediction. The grid step of the model is 12 km; the integration domain covers a major part of Europe. A one-month-long run has been performed with this model on observed boundary conditions (represented by assimilations by the global model ARPEGE). It is demonstrated that no excessive error is generated and accumulated in the model during the integration; hence the model is integrable for extended time periods and may serve a basis for a development towards a regional climate model. 相似文献
4.
Michael Friedjung Andrej Dobrotka Alon Retter Ladislav Hric Rudolf Novák 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,304(1-4):317-319
Our mainly R band photometry of V1493 Aql (1999) during its outburst, indicates periodic variations with a period of 0.156 days, seen only 5 days after the maximum in V. This period can be orbital. The light curve indicates in addition, the presence of a faint eclipse like feature. We try to explain its extremely low amlitude, as being due to the eclipse of an expanded white dwarf component of the binary below an optically thick wind. We discuss what conditions would be required for such an interpretation to work. 相似文献
5.
Milan Hvoždara Ladislav Brimich Reviewer L. Skalský 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1988,32(2):129-135
Summary The thermo-elastic deformations due to the annual temperature variation are computed. The time variation of these deformations is compared with the variation of the slow deformations observed at the tidal station in Vyhne.
Dedicated to RNDr Jan Pícha, CSc on his 70th birthday 相似文献
u mnu ¶rt;auu, a¶rt; auau mnam nmu a nnmama. ¶rt; mu ¶rt;au a ¶rt; ¶rt; ¶rt;au, u a nuu mauu ().
Dedicated to RNDr Jan Pícha, CSc on his 70th birthday 相似文献
6.
Ladislav Křivský Jan Laštovička Reviewer S. Krajčovič 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1979,23(4):393-394
a¶rt;a ma nu an u u (SID) u nu n a (a n¶rt; au) mu 1965–1975
. u u SID na¶rt;am nau, mum u nm R. 相似文献
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Kamil Vrana Stanislav Rapant Dušan Bodiš Karol Marsina Blanka Maňkovská Ján ?urlík Peter Šef?ík Jozef Daniel Ladislav Lu?ivjanský Jaroslav Lexa Silvester Pramuka 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1997,60(1):7-37
The Geochemical Atlas of Slovak Republic (49,036 km2) at a scale of 1 : 1,000,000 was compiled during 1991–1995 together with maps of associated geochemical and ecological features at a scale of 1 :200,000. Investigations were aimed at the evaluation of concentrations and distributions of Al, As, Ba, Be, Ca, Ce, Co, Cd, Cs, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Th, U, V, W, Y, Zn, Zr in groundwater (16,359 samples), stream sediments (24,422 samples), rocks (3839 samples), soils (9892 samples from 4946 profiles; A and C horizons of each profile were sampled) and forest biomass (the foliage of the forest tree species from 3063 plots was sampled). In groundwater field measurements of temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved O2, acidity, alkalinity were done. The evaluation was oriented to the natural radioactivity of the Slovak territory as follows: rocks (K, U, Th, Utot and dose rate, 15,573 reference spectrometric points), radon risk and water (Unat, 226Ra, 222Rn; 5271 samples). The main objective of the Geochemical Atlas was to construct single-component maps showing concentrations of chemical elements, compounds and measured parameters in the researched media of Slovakia at a scale of 1 : 1,000.000 and to create interactive databases of chemical composition and/or measured parameters of groundwater, biomass, rocks, soils, stream sediments and natural radioactivity, for the entire territory of the Slovak Republic. The single-component maps are not constructed in the part ‘Rocks’, where all the main rocks types of Slovakia are presented in the ‘Map of lithogeochemical rock types of Slovakia at a scale of 1: 500,000’. The edition of six atlases has been planned. In 1997 the first three atlases will appear (Groundwater, Biomass, Natural Radioactivity). Publishing of last three atlases (Rocks, Soils, Stream Sediments) is planned for 1998. Since the analytical works on stream sediments were finished during 1997, it was not possible to present here the results of that part of the Geochemical Atlas. 相似文献
10.
Abstract We discuss the steady states of the αω-dynamo in a thin disc which arise due to α-quenching. Two asymptotic regimes are considered, one for the dynamo numberD near the generation thresholdD 0, and the other for |D| ? 1. Asymptotic solutions for |D—D 0| ? |D 0| have a rather universal character provided only that the bifurcation is supercritical. For |D| ? 1 the asymptotic solution crucially depends on whether or not the mean helicity α, as a function ofB, has a positive root (hereB is the mean magnetic field). When such a root exists, the field value in the major portion of the disc is O(l), while near the disc surface thin boundary layers appear where the field rapidly decreases to zero (if the disc is surrounded by vacuum). Otherwise, when α = O(|B|?s) for |B| → ∞, we demonstrate that |B| = O(|D|1/s ) and the solution is free of boundary layers. The results obtained here admit direct comparison with observations of magnetic fields in spiral galaxies, so that an appropriate model of nonlinear galactic dynamos hopefully could be specified. 相似文献