土压力滑楔理论的统一解

基于滑楔理论计算土压力的基本原理,运用考虑中间主应力效应的统一强度理论,对传统的土压力公式不能反映土体材料强度的中间主应力效应的公式进行了改进,推导了基于滑楔理论的土压力统一解公式,Coulomb和Rankine土压力公式为其特例.通过变换统一强度参数,可获得一系列的解.在工程运用中可根据土质和工程的实际情况,适当选择统一强度参数和应力状态来确定土压力的大小.     

Membership and Segregation Effects in the Young Open Cluster NGC 6530

From photographic plate data of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory with a time baseline of 87 years, proper motions and membership probabilities of 364 stars in the open cluster NGC 6530 region are reduced. On the basis of membership determination, luminosity function and segregation effect of the cluster are discussed with details. Spatial mass segregation is obviously present in NGC 6530 while there is no clear evidence for a velocity-mass (or velocity-luminosity) dependence. The observed spatial mass segregation for NGC 6530 might be due to a combination of initial conditions and relaxation process.     

工厂化培养蒙古裸腹溞研究

采用充氧培养的方法 ,研究了不同饵料和不同盐度、光照下蒙古裸腹的生长情况。结果表明 :投喂小球藻、亚心形扁藻、等鞭金藻时蒙古裸腹的增殖率分别为 4 0 6 .6 %、377%、32 2 .2 % ,差异并不明显 ,而投喂酵母的增殖率达到 86 6 .7% ,效果显著 ;在 10～ 30的盐度范围内 ,盐度为 10时增殖最快 ,增殖率为 382 % ;自然光和遮光对蒙古裸腹的增殖率为 375 .2 %和 - 0 .6 8% ,差异显著 ,其生长和繁殖需一定的光照。     

进动不规则性对SS433短周期现象的影响

本文在文献［１］的基础上考虑进动不规则性，采用改进的阻尼正弦模型来计算ＳＳ４３３短周期变化的振幅、周期和多普勒频移残差分布轮廓的理论曲线，并将此曲线和残差分布轮廓作方差分析进行比较．结果表明：（１）在进动不规则性情形下，短周期变化的周期没有变化，振幅有微小变化；（２）理论曲线和残差分布轮廓吻合较好，这说明残差分布轮廓与进动不规则性有关；（３）短周期现象中的拍仍然存在，只不过受到不同程度的畸变影响.     

强磁场对中子星壳层热核反应的影响

本文通过考虑强磁场中电子的量子效应，分析了强磁场下电子气体的Fermi能，讨论了磁场对核的屏蔽势和核反应率的影响，进而计算了强磁场对天体物理中几个较重要的热核反应的影响，结果表明，相对于无磁场而言，在较低密度下，足够强的磁场使原子核的屏蔽势显著增加，但在ρ／μe＞10~5molcm~(-3)的密度下，中子星表面存在的强度为10~5～10~9T范围内的磁场对核反应率几乎没有影响。     

建筑地基与基坑变形监测刍议

随着城市建设的高速发展 ,高层、超高层建筑在原建筑物稠密区大量兴建 ,加之过量超采城市地下水 ,带来的地基与基坑变形问题越来越突出。为了防治建筑地基与基坑变形灾害 ,必须建立操作性较强的变形监测系统 ,及时作好预警、预报工作 ,使变形监测的方法、技术更加完善。     

用线性规划法求解瞬变电磁场反射系数

讨论了在水平层状介质中的反射系数的物理意义 ,推出时间域含有以反射系数序列为未知项的欠定方程组 ,提出用线性规划法求解瞬变电磁场反射系数序列 ,并给出求解思路和程序框图。对两个理论模型进行了处理 ,计算出了其反射系数。算例分析结果表明 ,算法可靠 ,程序可行。这一方法可用于瞬变电磁成像数值计算中。     

对饮用矿泉水评价指标和管理的再认识

饮用矿泉水作为一种新型饮料已被广大群众所接受，但真正进入国内、国际市场的数量与其丰富的资源形势不相匹配。原因是我国目前评价指标与国际通用指标尚不接轨。本文对其中一些问题提出质疑，试图修正现行评价指标和改善管理制度，以推动我国饮用矿泉水的进一步开发。     

Biodegradation and transport of benzene,toluene, and xylenes in a simulated aquifer: comparison of modelled and experimental results

Both laboratory experiments and numerical modelling were conducted to study the biodegradation and transport of benzene–toluene–xylenes (BTX) in a simulated semi‐confined aquifer. The factors incorporated into the numerical model include advection, hydrodynamic dispersion, adsorption, and biodegradation. The various physico‐chemical parameters required by the numerical model were measured experimentally. In the experimental portion of the study, BTX compounds were introduced into the aquifer sand. After the contaminants had been transported through the system, BTX concentrations were measured at 12 equally spaced wells. Subsequently, microorganisms obtained from the activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant and cultured in BTX mixtures were introduced into the aquifer through the 12 sampling wells. The distribution data for BTX adsorption by the aquifer sand form a nonlinear isotherm. The degree of adsorption by the sand varies, depending on the composition of the solute. The degradation time, measured from the time since the bacteria were added to the aquifer until a specific contaminant was no longer detectable, was 35–42 h for BTX. The dissolved oxygen, after degradation by BTX compounds and bacteria, was consumed by about 40–60% in the entire simulated aquifer; thus the aerobic conditions were maintained. This study provides insights for the biodegradation and transport of BTX in aquifers by numerical modelling and laboratory experiments. Experimental and numerical comparisons indicate that the results by Monod degradation kinetics are more accurate than those by the first‐order degradation kinetics. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

云南勐海勐满金矿床的地球化学特征及成因

云南勐满金矿床是"三江"褶皱系南端的一个微细粒—红土复合型金矿床,矿床达中型规模,并具有成为大型金矿的找矿远景。赋矿层位为上元古界澜沧群片岩和中侏罗统碎屑岩及第四纪残坡积层。文章提供了勐满金矿的矿床地质特征、流体包裹体以及S、H、O和Pb同位素地球化学研究资料,并对矿床成因和成矿作用进行了分析。研究表明:勐满原生金矿床具有与卡林型金矿床类似的地质和地球化学特征;其成矿物源主要是上元古界澜沧群曼来组浅变质岩系和中侏罗统花开左组碎屑岩系;流体包裹体及S、H、O同位素研究一致显示成矿流体主要为大气降水。成矿作用经历了原始含矿岩系(矿源层)的形成阶段及金的活化、迁移和富集阶段。区域构造及岩浆活动是引起金矿活化迁移和富集的主要因素。进一步加强对含矿层位的岩相古地理与岩石学研究、加强控矿构造的分析、确定控矿构造的力学性质及与区域主干断裂之间的配套关系,是今后找矿工作中需要特别注意的问题。