Modeling Research of the 27-day Forecast of 10.7 cm Solar Radio Flux (I)

Adopting the autoregressive method for time-series modeling, we have made a study on the medium-term forecast of solar 10.7 cm radio flux (F10.7). The result of forecast experiments and the error analysis indicate that when the solar activity is at a rather low level and the 27-day periodicity of F10.7 is apparent, the autoregressive forecast method has a high accuracy and relatively ideal effectiveness, but when a large active region appears or disappears on the solar dusk, the forecast effectiveness is not ideal. This means that the autoregressive method for the time-series modeling can reflect well the 27-day periodicity of F10.7, and that it has certain applicability for building a mediumterm forecast model of F10.7. By comparing the forecast results in the period from 21th September 2005 to 7th June 2007, it is demonstrated that the accuracy of the autoregressive forecast method is equivalent to that of the forecast made by the American Air Force.     

河北宽城地区中元古代高于庄组碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征

对河北宽城地区中元古代高于庄组碳酸盐岩的碳氧同位素进行了测定和原始性验证,表明其原始组分保存良好。δ13C、δ18O值分布范围和平均值分别为-5.03‰～0.07‰、-9.92‰～-4.12‰和-0.90‰、-6.58‰,整体上稍低于前人测定的天津蓟县剖面和北京十三陵剖面数据。分析认为:研究区δ13C值主要受有机碳氧化与有机碳的埋藏速率因素影响,有机碳的埋藏速率与蓝绿藻等生物数量关系密切,藻类繁盛的时期一般都具有较高的δ13C值,藻类稀少的时期则具有较低的δ13C值。在浅水潮坪环境中,δ13C值与海平面的变化呈正相关关系;研究区δ18O值则主要受海平面变化影响,与之呈负相关关系;研究区古盐度Z值主要介于120～125之间,相关性分析表明Z值不仅反映氧同位素组成,也反映了碳同位素组成,δ18O和δ13C均与沉积介质的盐度有关,其变化趋势是盐度越大,其δ值越高。     

西藏纳如松多银铅矿S、Pb同位素组成:对成矿物质来源的指示

纳如松多银铅矿是西藏陆陆碰撞主碰撞时期形成的特殊的隐爆角砾岩型富银富铅矿床。对该银铅矿的主要金属硫化物和矿区的斑岩进行了S、Pb同位素组成的分析和示踪讨论,结果显示矿床的金属硫化物和斑岩(细斑和粗斑)具有一致的铅同位素组成,以富集放射性成因铅为特征,表明成矿物质中的铅主要来源于矿区斑岩。方铅矿的δ34S为2.5‰～4.7‰,与之成对的闪锌矿δ34S为4.5‰～5.5‰,皆大于相对应的方铅矿,表明成矿期的S同位素基本达到了平衡。矿石硫化物硫同位素与粗斑斑岩硫同位素组成更为接近,结合Pb同位素的特征,认为银铅矿的成矿与粗斑斑岩的关系更为密切。     

广西隆林卡林型金矿地质特征及成因探讨

广西隆林卡林型金矿主要产于上二叠统合山组泥质条带状灰岩及砂质白云岩中,受背斜或穹窿构造核部的高角度正断层控制明显,矿体呈脉状或似层状,矿石类型包括块状、条带状、碎粒状等。根据金矿产状和下伏碳酸盐岩地层具有较高的金丰度,推测该地区金矿成因与热液流体活动密切相关;最后还对研究区找矿标志和找矿潜力进行了探讨。这项研究为我国西南碳酸盐岩地区寻找金矿提供了新的思路。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部杭锦旗地区上古生界砂岩储层特征

以岩心及铸体薄片观察、扫描电镜鉴定、碳氧同位素测试、测井交会解释等为研究手段,系统研究了鄂尔多斯盆地北部杭锦旗上古生界储层特征.结果表明,研究区上古生界储层岩性复杂,存在岩屑长石砂岩、石英砂岩及岩屑砂岩等,北区东部见蒙脱石、高岭石及地开石等粘土矿物.储集空间以剩余原生粒间孔隙和次生孔隙组合为主,孔隙度中等,渗透率较低,排驱压力及饱和度中值压力较高,孔喉半径小且分选较差,孔隙结构总体较差,构造裂缝及微裂缝较发育,对油气运移成藏及储渗均有重要意义.根据储层岩性、物性及孔隙结构等参数特征,评价出4类储层.Ⅰ类储集岩是研究区最好的储集岩,Ⅱ、Ⅲ类储集岩是研究区主要储集岩,是勘探开发的主力储层.     

Classification of Complex Reservoirs in Superimposed Basins of Western China

<正>Many of the sedimentary basins in western China were formed through the superposition and compounding of at least two previously developed sedimentary basins and in general they can be termed as complex superimposed basins.The distinct differences between these basins and monotype basins are their discontinuous stratigraphic sedimentation,stratigraphic structure and stratigraphic stress-strain action over geological history.Based on the correlation of chronological age on structural sections,superimposed basins can be divided into five types in this study:(1) continuous sedimentation type superimposed basins,(2) middle and late stratigraphic superimposed basins,(3) early and late stratigraphic superimposed basins,(4) early and middle stratigraphic superimposed basins,and(5) long-term exposed superimposed basins.Multiple source-reservoir-caprock assemblages have developed in such basins.In addition,multi-stage hydrocarbon generation and expulsion,multiple sources,polycyclic hydrocarbon accumulation and multiple-type hydrocarbon reservoirs adjustment,reformation and destruction have occurred in these basins.The complex reservoirs that have been discovered widely in the superimposed basins to date have remarkably different geologic features from primary reservoirs,and the root causes of this are folding,denudation and the fracture effect caused by multiphase tectonic events in the superimposed basins as well as associated seepage,diffusion,spilling,oxidation,degradation and cracking.Based on their genesis characteristics,complex reservoirs are divided into five categories:(1) primary reservoirs,(2) trap adjustment type reservoirs,(3) component variant reservoirs,(4) phase conversion type reservoirs and (5) scale-reformed reservoirs.     

国际流行彩色宝石品质分级评估体系的比较及其启示

彩色宝石品质分级标准对彩色宝石市场的形成与发展具有重要意义。彩色宝石品种的多样性和品质影响要素的复杂性,加上不同国家、地区或民族对彩色宝石颜色的偏好不同,在国际市场上要建立一个统一的彩色宝石品质分级评估体系困难重重。通过比较各彩色宝石聚集地（如美国、泰国、中国香港与大陆等）现有的彩色宝石品质分级评估体系,探讨了不同体系对其颜色、净度、切工分级的思想与方法。结果显示,目前国际上不同彩色宝石分级体系在颜色分级术语上强调的要素有一定的差异,对净度分级在思路上有明显的不同,对切工分级则在思路及技术操作上均存在明显差异。因此,要建立统一的国际彩色宝石品质分级体系尚需时日。最后提出,中国可以尝试以宝石的净度和透明度分级为先导,结合颜色、净度与切工分级设计新的彩色宝石二级递进制（时尚首饰级和宝石级）品质评估分级体系。     

VTI介质转换波速度分析方法研究及应用

速度分析是转换波处理的核心问题之一,采用单平方根方程对具有垂直对称轴的横向各向同性(VTI)介质进行速度分析,使得转换波的处理不依赖于纵波的数据,既简化了转换波处理流程,又消除了由于纵波处理不精确所带来的传递误差。通过理论分析和数值计算,总结并设计了一套求取VTI介质转换波动校正参数的方法和处理流程,总结出了采用双参数扫描法获得较高分辨率和精度所需满足的必要条件。通过批处理和交互结合的方式对实际资料进行处理,取得了较好的处理效果,证明了该方法及软件的正确性。     

区域重力调查中使用2000国家大地坐标系的意义和方法

本文讲述2000国家大地坐标系的定义及尽快采用2000国家大地坐标系的意义;介绍区域重力调查中采用GPS定点的一般方法,着重提出区域重力调查中如何采用2000国家大地坐标系进行测点远区地形改正和正常场修正的方法。此对规范和提升区域重力调查工作有一定的现实意义。     

沉积特征对砂岩型铀成矿类型的制约——以松辽盆地南部姚家组为例

不同沉积体系砂体的特征不同,在后生铀成矿过程中所起的作用也不同。通过对松辽盆地南部姚家组地层沉积特征的研究,提出沉积特征对铀成矿类型有制约作用;上白垩统姚家组沉积体系以冲积平原、辫状河、三角洲和湖泊等为主,形成了稳定的泥-砂-泥地层结构,受沉积体系的控制,该区砂体厚度稳定、分布范围广,是松辽盆地南部寻找层间氧化带型铀矿的找矿有利目的层。