Chebyshev逼近滤波器在位场分离中的应用

在对经典FIR数字滤波器的设计方法进行研究的基础上,提出了一种可以用于位场分离的基于Chebyshev最佳一致逼近原理的FIR滤波器的设计方法。在理论模型实验中,采用基于Hanning窗的低通滤波器计算出的区域异常最大误差为6.266×10^-6 m/s² ,均方差为2.115×10^-6 m/s² ,最大百分比误差为22.2%,而且计算点在±9 km以外的误差均大于10.1%。而利用最佳一致逼近原理分离出的区域场和局部场与理论异常值拟合得较好,曲线基本重合。分离出的区域异常最大误差为3.101×10^-6 m/s² ,均方差为0.989×10^-6 m/s² ,最大百分比误差仅在边部的几个数据上,为7.76%,其余各点的误差均小于4.1%。实例检验中将该方法用于孙吴—嘉荫剖面布格重力异常场的分离,分离出的区域场中局部场残留少,分离彻底,效果较为理想。     

辽宁东五家子金矿矿脉含矿性评价标志研究

辽宁东五家子金矿的矿脉由蚀变岩和石英脉透镜体构成,可采矿体均为硫化物石英脉型.工业矿脉中,石英为烟灰色,发育他形、半自形的细粒黄铁矿等硫化物,有较大规模的矿体.矿化脉中,石英为乳白色,发育粗粒、自形的浅色黄铁矿,无可采矿体.在工业矿脉、次要矿脉、矿化脉的蚀变岩和石英脉样品中,Au,Hg与其他元素的相关性有明显区别.用石英脉样品的As-Ni-Ba图解和蚀变岩样品的Au-Ag-Ba图解预测,矿区外围的西沟1号脉和西沟3号脉属于工业矿脉.     

川西南周公山及邻区下二叠统碳酸盐岩成岩作用对储集性的影响

川西南周公山及邻区下二叠统的中-低孔、中-低渗碳酸盐岩储层的储集空间以次生成因的溶孔、溶洞和构造裂缝为主.研究认为,多世代方解石胶结、化学充填作用以及埋藏期的压实(溶)作用是孔隙很难得到保存的主要原因;同生-准同生期的混合水云化作用和表生期、埋藏期的流体溶蚀作用则产生了大量的次生溶孔、洞,使储层的孔渗性得到明显的改善;构造破裂作用可以产生新的储集空间,还影响各储集体之间及单一储集体内部空隙的连通.成岩相分为混合水云化-溶蚀-破裂相、溶蚀-胶结相和胶结-压实-压溶相.各种成岩作用的叠加形成了现今下二叠统油气储层的分布格局.     

相控建模技术在羊二庄油田的应用

羊二庄油田的明馆储层非均质性严重,高含水、高开发后期的剩余油分布比较复杂,第一次油藏描述中应用传统的确定性建模方法已经不能满足剩余油挖潜的需要.采用RMS相控建模软件,通过构造建模、沉积微相建模、储层物性建模,建立羊二庄油田三维可视化相控地质模型,并实现了与数模软件的无缝接口.     

基于光谱和纹理的SVM矿化蚀变信息提取研究

针对传统矿化信息提取方法单一,利用光谱或纹理、信息量相对较少、需要大量样本的缺陷,利用基于光谱和纹理的支持向量机(SVM)原理,建立矿化信息提取模型.选择青海泽库县析界日地区作为典型研究区.首先提取研究区光谱和纹理信息,选取训练样本;然后求解最优超平面,进而确定决策函数;最后泛化推广识别其他待识别的样本.通过所提取的遥感蚀变异常信息与重砂异常点叠加分析,叠加基本吻合;从野外实地验证来看,均发现了不同程度的矿化现象,并指出了5个重点异常区.     

Accuracy assessment of lidar-derived digital elevation models

Despite the relatively high cost of airborne lidar-derived digital elevation models (DEMs), such products are usually presented without a satisfactory associated estimate of accuracy. For the most part, DEM accuracy estimates are typically provided by comparing lidar heights against a finite sample of check point coordinates from an independent source of higher accuracy, supposing a normal distribution of the derived height differences or errors. This paper proposes a new methodology to assess the vertical accuracy of lidar DEMs using confidence intervals constructed from a finite sample of errors computed at check points. A non-parametric approach has been tested where no particular error distribution is assumed, making the proposed methodology especially applicable to non-normal error distributions of the type usually found in DEMs derived from lidar. The performance of the proposed model was experimentally validated using Monte Carlo simulation on 18 vertical error data-sets. Fifteen of these data-sets were computed from original lidar data provided by the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Working Group III/3, using their respective filtered reference data as ground truth. The three remaining data-sets were provided by the Natural Environment Research Council's Airborne Research and Survey Facility lidar system, together with check points acquired using high precision kinematic GPS. The results proved promising, the proposed models reproducing the statistical behaviour of vertical errors of lidar using a favourable number of check points, even in the cases of data-sets with non-normally distributed residuals. This research can therefore be considered as a potentially important step towards improving the quality control of lidar-derived DEMs.     

遥感技术在地质找矿中的应用及发展前景

遥感技术作为矿产勘查的一种手段应用于找矿,并取得了一定成就.遥感技术的直接应用是蚀变遥感信息的提取,遥感技术的间接应用包括地质构造信息、植被的光谱特征及矿床改造信息等方面.遥感找矿具有很大的发展前景的领域主要有:高光谱数据、数据融合技术、3S的紧密结合、计算机技术的发展.     

Distribution Characteristics of Sulfur and the Main Harmful Trace Elements in China’s Coal

To promote the rational development and use of clean coal resources in China, data on the regional and age distribution of sulfur, arsenic and other harmful elements in Chinese coal was broadly collected, tested for content, and analyzed. Coal in northwestern China is characterized by low to extremely low levels of sulfur; the coal of the Taiyuan Formation in northern China mainly has high-sulfur content; that of the Shanxi Formation is mainly characterized by low sulfur coal; and the Late Permian coal in southern China has overall higher sulfur content; other regions have low sulfur coal. The average content of harmful trace elements in the bulk of China＇s coal is similar to the corresponding content in the coal of the North America and the rest of the world, whereas the content of various elements （Hg, Sb and Se） is different in magnitude to the corresponding percentage in the crust. The average content of the elements Cr, Se, Co, Be, U, Br in Late Permian coal in S China ranks first in the country whereas the average content of Hg and CI in the coals of Late Carboniferous to Early Permian age in N China are the highest. The average content of Mn in Early and Middle Jurassic coal is higher in NW China. The high content of harmful elements in some coal should cause particular concern both in the development and utilization of coal.     

下庄矿田湖子地区铀矿找矿方向探讨

湖子地区位于NNE向诸广-新兴铀成矿带与近EW向大东山-漳州大断裂复合部位,是华南早、晚两期铀成矿热液活动叠加区、放射性高场区,既有"硅化带大脉"型铀矿产出,又有"交点"型铀矿存在,找矿前景良好.文章在论述下庄矿田铀成矿地质环境、铀成矿特征及铀矿定位条件基础上,分析了湖子地区铀成矿条件与找矿前景,指出该区今后铀矿找矿方向是:① 6009号硅化断裂带,在其北段找硅化带大脉型铀矿,在其南段找"交点"型铀矿;②新桥-下庄硅化断裂带和6009号带之间成矿部位,寻找硅化带型和"交点"型铀矿;③NW向、近EW向辉绿岩脉与NNE向、NE向构造交汇部位(交点),寻找"交点"型铀矿.