甘肃酒泉区域风能资源评估

按照国家风电场风能资源评估方法,利用甘肃省酒泉区域6个测风塔不同高度层的资料,计算分析了该区域的各种风能参数,并给出了该区域风能的空间分布图.结果表明,按照我国学者的研究成果划分,除2号地区属于风能较丰富区以外,其他测风塔对应的区域属于风能丰富区.文章给出了酒泉地区有效风功率密度空间分布图,对进一步了解、应用甘肃酒泉区域的风能有较好的参考作用.     

宁夏一次短时暴雨天气的跟踪预报分析

用卫星云图、雷达对2008年8月7日强对流天气产生的暴雨过程跟踪观测资料,结合自动站地面降水实况和WRF模式风场资料进行短时预报分析.结果表明:扩散东移冷空气和副热带高压边缘偏南暖湿气流的共同影响下,大气层结不稳定发生强烈的强对流天气;利用卫星云图,新一代天气雷达基本反射率强度图、0.5°仰角基本速度图和风廓线产品跟踪监测,综合分析预报短时暴雨天气是有效的方法.     

黔西南一次中尺度暴雨的数值模拟诊断研究

使用WRF模式 (Weather Research and Forecasting model) 模拟了2006年6月12日贵州省西南部一次典型的突发性强对流暴雨过程, 模式较真实地模拟了这次局地发展的中尺度暴雨天气过程。对流层低层的中尺度辐合线造成了初始的上升运动, β中尺度对流系统首先在地面锋线前不稳定的暖区中生长, 辐合线南侧的偏南气流对水汽和热量的输送是对流能够持续生长的最重要因素。通过非地转ω方程的诊断证明, 在降水开始后, 凝结加热的释放对β中尺度对流系统的发展最为重要, 它强迫产生的上升运动分量超过了低层暖平流强迫造成的上升运动分量。在相应的热力、 动力结构的调整作用下, 对流层低层出现中尺度低空急流、 中尺度涡旋等动力结构。到降水过程后期, 由于偏北气流的侵入, 降水区上空对流层低层转为对流稳定的层结, β中尺度对流系统无法获得不稳定能量以维持其发展, 降水也逐渐减弱直至终止。     

四川盆地西部暴雨对初始水汽条件敏感性的模拟研究

基于区域暴雨数值预报模式AREM, 针对2003年8月发生在四川盆地西部的多次局地强暴雨过程, 通过数值试验, 讨论了川西暴雨对初始水汽条件的高度敏感性, 揭示了川西暴雨过程独特的局地水汽循环特征。初始水汽条件不仅决定着暴雨的强度, 还对最大降水发生时间产生明显影响, 从而决定模式对降水日变化的模拟效果。局地初始水汽偏大, 不仅导致24小时降水总量的迅速增加, 甚至空报暴雨, 还使得主要降水时段明显提前, 使夜雨变为昼雨。局地初始水汽减少不仅会显著减小降水量, 甚至会致使暴雨消失,还会使主要降水时段滞后。     

驾驶员路考系统雷电事故与防雷工程设计中的错误

1 引言 2008年5月15日,刚刚竣工8个月的丹东市交警支队机动车驾驶员适应性检测中心场区,发生雷击事故.雷电击毁监考中心的路考系统设备,使路考系统停止运转.日后,该系统设备又多次发生雷击事故,致使路考系统不能正常工作.     

四川盆地暴雨对初值敏感性的模拟研究

本文基于区域暴雨数值预报模式AREM,针对2007年7月发生在四川地区的多次强降水过程进行数值试验,检验了NCEP和站点资料（STN）初始分析场资料预报结果,发现由于台站资料稀少,NCEP资料在四川地区的评分较高。讨论了四川盆地降水对初值的高度敏感性,揭示了四川盆地降水对初值中各个物理量场的不同敏感性,其中,降水对初值中湿度场的响应最为显著。初值不仅决定着降水的范围和强度,还对降水的发生时间产生明显影响。     

Simulated Change in the Interannual Variability of South Asian Summer Monsoon in the 21st Century

This study investigates the projected changes in interannual variability of South Asian summer monsoon and changes of ENSO-monsoon relationships in the 21st century under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios A1B and A2, respectively, by analyzing the simulated results of twelve Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (CMIP3) coupled models. The dynamical monsoon index (DMI) was adopted to describe the interannual variability of South Asian summer monsoon, and the standard dev...     

Impacts of Future NOx and CO Emissions on Regional Chemistry and Climate over Eastern China

A coupled chemical/dynamical model (SOCOL-SOlar Climate Ozone Links) is applied to study the impacts of future enhanced CO and NOx emissions over eastern China on regional chemistry and climate. The result shows that the increase of CO and NOx emissions has significant effects on regional chemistry, including NOx, CO, O₃, and OH concentrations. During winter, the CO concentration is uniformly increased in the northern hemisphere by about 10 ppbv. During summer, the increase of CO has a regional distribution. The change in O₃, concentrations near eastern China has both strong seasonal and spatial variations. During winter, the surface O₃, concentrations decrease by about 2 ppbv, while during summer they increase by about 2 ppbv in eastern China. The changes of CO, NOx, and O₃, induce important impacts on OH concentrations. The changes in chemistry, especially O₃, induce important effects on regional climate. The analysis suggests that during winter, the surface temperature decreases and air pressure increases in central-eastern China. The changes of temperature and pressure produce decreases in vertical velocity. We should mention that the model resolution is coarse, and the calculated concentrations are generally underestimated when they are compared to measured results. However, because this model is a coupled dynamical/chemical model, it can provide some useful insights regarding the climate impacts due to changes in air pollutant emissions.     

黑龙江省农业气象服务效益调查分析

为了解掌握气象服务对农业行业发挥的作用、产生的社会经济效益,提高气象部门服务质量,改进服务方式,开展有针对性的为农业行业专门气象服务奠定坚实的基础。我们组织了农业气象服务效益调查分析,调查分析认为,2006年该省农业气象服务贡献率为0.0351,农业行业的气象服务效益值48.708亿元,农业行业对农业气象年景分析等气象服务比较敏感,也非常需求。这些结果对于社会各界认识气象服务的价值具有重要意义。     

EFFECTS OF LOW-LATITUDE MONSOON SURGE ON THE INCREASE IN DOWNPOUR FROM TROPICAL STORM BILIS

By using the dataset of CMA-STI Tropical Cyclone Optimal Tracks, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and intensive surface observations, a study is performed of the influences of a low-latitude monsoon surge on the longer persistence and increase in torrential rains from the landing tropical storm Bilis. Results suggest that the southwest monsoon was anomalously active after Bilis came ashore. The westerly winds in Bilis’s south side might give rise to the poleward movement of the SW monsoon, thus enlarging the pressure g...