Indosinian Emplacement of the Huashan—Guposhan Granite Batholiths in Western Nanling Range:Evidence from Cooling-Crystallization and Radiogenic Heat Calculation of Granite Melt

通过对南岭西段花山和姑婆山花岗岩基地质-岩石地球化学特征研究,判明它们的侵位深度(5.5km)、围岩温度(196℃)及岩浆初始温度(950℃),建立起花山和姑婆山岩基的数学计算模型,计算得出:花山-姑婆山花岗岩熔体侵位后,其初始温度降低至结晶温度所需的时间(△tco1)分别为4.14 Ma(花山)和4.36Ma(姑婆山);由于结晶潜热释放而使结晶过程延长的时间(△tL)为2.67Ma,2.81 Ma;由于花山和姑婆山花岗岩基放射性元素含量(U 13.5×10-6,Th 56.1×10- 6,K2O 5.79％(花山);U13.7×10-6,Th 52.4×10-6,K2O 5.28％(姑婆山))高于世界平均花岗岩放射性元素含量(U5×10-6,Th 20×10-6,K2O 2.66％),花山和姑婆山花岗岩浆侵位后产生的放射成因热使结晶过程延长的时间(△tA)分别为37.6 Ma和45.1 Ma,远长于按世界平均花岗岩放射性元素含量计算得出的△tA(3.17 Ma,花山).花山和姑婆山花岗岩基的侵位-结晶时差(△tECTD)分别为44.41Ma和52.27Ma,结合锆石U-Pb年龄值(162 Ma(花山),163Ma(姑婆山)),通过反演计算得出花山、姑婆山花岗岩基侵位年龄值(tE)分别为206Ma和215Ma,从而为花山-姑婆山花岗岩基属于印支期侵位提供了重要的岩浆动力学佐证.     

建筑三维产权体空间关系剖析

城市土地的立体化开发利用促使土地管理模式由平面管理走向更精细的空间管理,当前的建造技术支持了各种形体的建筑建设,为三维产权空间管理提供了现实案例.三维地籍的核心是对产权体的描述与管理,本文从现实的多个三维建筑形体出发,从建筑物的三维产权体与地表形态的关系、与地表的方位关系以及与地表宗地的对应关系3个角度讨论建筑产权体的空间关系分类,围绕三维产权体可能的空间形态开展分析研究,以便快速了解各类复杂建筑和产权体的显著特征,有助于准确描述产权体的空间状况及权利划分状况.     

温度对马尾藻及其油页岩混合物热解产气特性的影响

【目的】研究马尾藻及其油页岩混合物在不同温度下的热解产气特性。【方法】利用燃烧烟气污染物测试实验台,测量马尾藻及其油页岩混合物在温度区间400℃至800℃下CO和H_2的排放特性,包括峰值浓度、峰值时间和平均浓度。【结果】马尾藻以及其油页岩混合物的热解过程可分为慢速析出、快速析出和降速三个阶段。马尾藻单独热解实验中,排放的CO体积分数峰值达到10 367×10~(-6)。温度的升高有利于马尾藻在热解中CO和H_2的析出,反应的开始时间和完成时间均有所提前。在马尾藻与油页岩混合物的热解中,H2的析出在700℃时达到最高(体积分数峰值为1 254×10~(-6))。油页岩的加入迟滞了CO和H_2的排放时间。【结论】油页岩的加入有效减少马尾藻热解过程中CO的排放并缩短反应时间,提高效率节省能源,马尾藻与油页岩的混合热解具有良好的应用前景。     

地面沉降对地铁施工测量的影响及应对措施

以北京市地铁某线路为例,介绍地面沉降对施工过程中测量工作的影响,同时针对地面沉降的影响给出应对措施,供相关工程参考。     

A Case Study of a Typical Dust Storm Event over the Loess Plateau of Northwest China

Enhanced observational meteorological elements,energy fluxes,and the concentration of dust aerosols collected from the Semi-Arid Climate Observatory and Laboratory(SACOL) during a typical dust storm period in March 2010 at Lanzhou were used in this paper to investigate the impact of dust aerosols on near surface atmospheric variables and energy budgets.The results show that the entire dust storm event was associated with high wind velocities and decreasing air pressure,and the air changed from cold and wet to warm and dry and then recovered to its initial state.The response of energy fluxes occurred behind meteorological elements.At high dust concentration periods,the net radiation was significantly less in the daytime and higher at night,while the heat fluxes displayed the same trend,indicating the weakening of the land-atmosphere energy exchange.The results can be used to provide verification for numerical model results in semi-arid areas.     

东南亚中南半岛与中国西南邻区地层分区及沉积演化历史

本文通过对东南亚中南半岛的缅甸、泰国、柬埔寨、老挝、越南五国及毗邻的中国西南地区地层的对比研究,依据研究区构造演化、沉积岩石组合和古生物群特征将整个区域划分为5个地层分区:冈瓦纳型的印度地层区、过渡型亲冈瓦纳的滇缅马地层区、过渡型亲华南的印支地层区、属劳亚大陆的扬子地层区和华夏地层区。论述了地层区的基本特征,并进一步对各地层区间做了沉积演化对比,进而阐明了区域的重要构造事件与洋盆沉积演化历史。     

南岭寨背和陂头花岗岩基属印支期侵位的岩浆动力学证据及构造意义

文章通过对南岭东段寨背和陂头岩基地质-岩石地球化学特征研究,判明它们的侵位深度(7.5 km)、围岩温度(250℃)及岩浆初始温度(950℃),建立起寨背-陂头岩基的数学计算模型,并计算得出:寨背和陂头花岗岩熔体侵位后,其初始温度降低至结晶温度所需的时间(Δtcol)分别为4.04 Ma(寨背岩基)和3.97 Ma(陂...     

关于Shoshonite中译名的商榷和建议

1 Shoshonite系列火山岩中译名回顾 Shoshonite系列火山岩是由Iddings(1895)在研究美国黄石公园Shoshone 河地区中基性火山岩时发现并确认命名的,主要包括① Absarokite(SiO2=45%～52%);②Shoshonite(SiO2=52%～57%);③ Banakite(SiO2=57%～63%),中基性火山岩一般按碱性程度划分为碱性系列、钙碱性系列和拉班玄武岩系列.     

板内橄榄玄粗岩(shoshonite)地幔流体交代作用及成因的元素地球化学证据:以赣南会昌橄榄玄粗岩为例

根据稀土元素和微量元素ICP-MS分析结果,通过对流体作用敏感的元素对比值(U/Th、Pb/Ce、Ba/La、Cs/Rb和Ce/Y等)的研究对比,为赣南会昌橄榄玄粗岩的形成有地幔流体交代作用参与提供了重要的地球化学证据.应用主元素氧化物(K2O、Na2O、FeOT、CaO、MgO和TiO2)与SiO2的变异分析,判明会...     

Parameter estimation for a karst aquifer with unknown thickness using the genetic algorithm method

The combination of ecological fragility and agricultural activity in the loess hilly–gully regions of western China has received broad environmental concerns. In this region, rainfall and soil moisture can fatally influence crop production under dry land farming. In this study, field experiments were conducted, from March 2001 to September 2005, to demonstrate the variation of soil moisture and fertilizer contents at different depths in slope and terraced lands, and to evaluate the ecological impacts and economic benefits in the terraced land of Loess Plateau. The results of both field test and Grey model (GM) calculation show that the terraced land, as compared to the sloping land, in the agricultural area of the Loess Plateau tends to store and retain much water, promoting more favorable interactions between water and fertilizer. During the months from March to June of the year with less rainfall, the water supply for crop growth is mainly derived from the deep storage of soil moisture accumulated from July to September of the previous year. The field experiments indicate that the crop yield of the 3-year-old terraced lands was 27% higher than that of the sloping lands with slopes greater than 10°, and that the crop yield can increase by 27.07 to 52.78% in the following cultivation years. In particular, potato was found to be more drought-resistant than winter wheat, thus it is more suitable for the arid and semi-arid Loess Plateau regions.