点蚀损伤下桩基式平台腿柱轴压极限承载力研究

采用圆柱体点蚀损伤模型,建立含细观尺度点蚀损伤的桩基式平台腿柱多尺度精细化数值模型,研究壁厚损伤度、点蚀损伤强度以及点蚀体积损伤强度影响平台腿柱轴压极限承载力的规律。研究结果表明,壁厚损伤度及点蚀损伤强度明显削弱平台腿柱的极限强度,且随点蚀损伤强度增大壁厚损伤度的影响加剧;点蚀体积损伤强度由于综合考虑了壁厚损伤度和点蚀损伤强度的耦合因素,相比于独立考虑后两者,其更能合理地描述点蚀损伤对平台腿柱极限强度的影响,故点蚀体积损伤强度体现了点蚀损伤的关键特征。本方法不仅适用于研究点蚀损伤构件的极限承载力,其所提出的点蚀损伤模型的构建方法,可拓展于研究受点蚀损伤的整体平台结构的极限承载力,且确定点蚀体积损伤强度为描述点蚀损伤特征的关键参数后,有望将其用于修正点蚀损伤平台腿柱的承载力设计公式。     

内孤立波作用下Spar平台动力响应特性

以三类内孤立波理论(Kd V、e Kd V和MCC)的适用性条件为依据,采用Morison和傅汝德-克雷洛夫公式分别计算Spar平台内孤立波水平力和垂向力,结合时域有限位移运动方程,建立了有限深两层流体中内孤立波与带分段式系泊索Spar平台相互作用的理论模型。以东沙群岛某海域实测内孤立波为对象,数值分析了在内孤立波作用下某经典式Spar平台的内孤立波动态载荷、运动响应及其系泊张力的变化特性。研究表明,内孤立波不仅会对Spar平台产生突发性冲击载荷,使其产生大幅度水平漂移运动,而且还会使其系泊张力显著增大。因此,在Spar平台等深海平台的设计应用中,内孤立波的影响不可忽视。     

Ultimate Load Capacity of Offshore Pipeline with Arbitrary Shape Corrosion Defects

A set of generalized solutions are proposed for estimating ultimate load capacity of pipeline with arbitrary corrosion shapes subjected to combined internal pressure, axial force and bending moment. Isotropic and anisotropic material characteristics in longitudinal and circumferential direction of pipeline are also considered in the proposed equations. Simplified numerical method is used to solve the generalized expressions. The comparisons of numerical results based generalized solutions and full-scale experimental results are carried out. The predicted results agree reasonably well with the experiment results. Meanwhile, the effects of corrosion shapes and locations on the ultimate load capacity are studied.     

冲绳海槽中部热液区及典型喷口区地形地貌特征

利用最新测量的高精度深水多波束资料,对冲绳海槽中部热液活动区的地形地貌特征进行了系统的分析后发现,研究区地形情况相当复杂,起伏变化较大,总体上呈沿SW—NE向延伸的裂谷地势,裂谷水深范围约在1 500~1 800m,大量呈SW—NE向的线性海山链和裂谷、洼地地貌交错出现,分析认为其形成可能与冲绳海槽的弧后扩张作用有关。另外,通过ROV(Remotely Operated Vehicle)上获得的影像,结合浅表层沉积物和岩石样品分析发现,2处喷口地形地貌情况明显不同,Iheya North喷口区地形起伏变化大,具有较多烟囱体、丘体,周围沉积物以硫化物砂为主;Iheya Ridge则以裂隙式溢流为主,分布范围广,地形倾斜平整,少见烟囱体、丘体,底质较硬,热液沉积物分布较少。     

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城市创伤中心空间选址的层次分析模型

针对城市创伤中心空间选址问题,建立包含四大类、八小类影响因素的层次分析模型,邀请不同领域的专家对构造出的判断矩阵综合打分,得出各因素的相应权重后运用到深圳市创伤中心空间选址的实例研究上。模型中所涉及的空间数据均基于网络分析,更贴合实际情况。同时,考虑到深圳市创伤中心的依托医院相对集中这一特殊情况,通过聚类分析划分区域后再使用层次分析模型选址。优化后的结果将改善深圳市创伤医疗救治资源配置、提高创伤救治效率,为创伤救治机构规划部门提供参考意见。     

Abundance and Distribution of Fatty Acids in Sediments of the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Sediment samples obtained from the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge were studies by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS) for the abundance and distributions of total fatty acids(TFAs). Approximately 34 fatty acids were identified, with the chain-lengths ranging from C12 to C30. The total concentrations of TFAs(∑TFA) ranged from 7.15 to 30.09 μg g-1 dry sediment, and ∑TFA was weakly correlated with bitumen content(R2 = 0.69). The ∑TFA of samples around hydrothermal areas were significantly higher than that of samples away from hydrothermal areas, indicating intense primary production and large biomass in the hydrothermal areas, and suggesting a close relationship between hydrothermal activity and ∑TFA of samples. The characteristics of the TFA composition in the present study are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids and lacking in polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the ratios between the concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids and ΣTFAs in samples close to the hydrothermal areas, are about 0.8, but for samples far from the hydrothermal areas, they are only about 0.5. Several fatty acids(e.g., a/i C15:0 and C16:1ω7), which are signature biomarkers for sulfur-metabolizing bacteria, show the same distribution trend as ∑TFA of samples, further highlighting the close relationship between fatty acid content and hydrothermal activity and/or hydrothermal communities. The metabolic activities of hydrothermal communities, especially those of microorganisms, are likely the main source of fatty acids in samples.     

三山岛北部海域金矿勘查工作思路与实践

三山岛北部海域金矿床位于胶东西北部三山岛成矿带之中,为一严格受断裂构造控矿的超大型破碎带蚀变岩型金矿床。矿体全部赋存于滨海海域,具有规模大、延伸稳定、有用物质分布较均匀的特点。作为国家级首批整装勘查区的一部分,尤其是首次在浅海海域进行深部勘查,该区勘查工作受到了多方重视、关注和支持,在1年的时间里完成了主要靶区的详查工作。它首开我国浅海海域金矿勘查的先河,是在综合分析研究矿田成矿背景与找矿潜力的基础上开展的一次系统的、由预查开始直接完成详查的勘查活动,具有周期短、规模大、成果丰、效果好的特点,对我国以后海域固体矿产勘查工作具有一定的借鉴意义。     

青岛市黄岛区潮河水源地地下水数值模拟

在分析研究青岛市黄岛区潮河流域水文地质条件基础上,建立了水文地质概念模型和地下水流数值模拟模型,利用地下水水位动态监测资料对模型进行了识别,并预测了三枯一丰一平条件下地下水最大开采量以及水位、降深分布情况。结果表明,模型验证拟合结果较好,地下水最大开采量为2.4万m3/d,地下水开采不会引起地面沉降、海水入侵等问题。     

地质勘查一线紧缺人才数据库支撑平台建设探析

运用B/S（浏览器/服务器）模式和OOAD(面向对象的分析和设计)等信息技术,建设地质勘查一线紧缺人才数据库支撑平台,实现人才数据采集、培养计划和培养目标的管理,以及相关数据查询、统计功能,全面、准确、动态掌握地质勘查一线紧缺人才培养全过程,为搭建地质勘查一线紧缺人才信息服务平台奠定基础,同时为国土资源管理决策工作提供依据。