汕尾风暴潮频率与海堤改造初探

通过研究1970-2005年间汕尾港遭受风暴潮袭击的程度,对汕尾港风暴潮增水情况进行分析,用Pearson-Ⅲ分布和Gumbel分布两种概率统计方法分别对汕尾港不同重现期潮位值进行推算,并以此为基础结合走访相关单位和实地踏勘收集汕尾海堤历史和现状资料、风暴潮频率和海平面变化情况等,运用海堤工程设计防潮相关标准探讨汕尾已建海堤存在的问题,并针对性地提出改造建议,为汕尾市海堤的修复加固和管理提供参考.     

On tectonic movement in the South China Sea during the Cenozoic

The tectonic movement taking place at the end of Cretaceous and the beginning of Cenozoic had opened the Cenozoic phase of polycyclic tectonic movements, then the whole crust of the South China Sea had been mainly subjected to the regional stress field of tectonic tension, which was characterized by rifting depression. Seven times of regional tectonic movement and sedimentation had been assembled into a geological development history of polycyclic oscillation. Especially, the tectonic movements were strongly intensified at the end of Cretacious and the beginning of Paleagene, between Late Eocene and MidOligocene, during Mid and Late Miocene. These three times of tectonic movement had built the most important regional tectonic interfaces in the South China Sea. Crust movements of the South China Sea were the result and epitome of interaction of the Eurasia, Pacific and IndoAustralia plates, that is, they were introduced by polycyclic changes of directions, rates and strengths of lithospheric movements and asthenospheric flows across the Pacific and IndoAustralia plates.     

Aequorea taiwanensis n. sp. (Hydrozoa, Leptomedusae) and mtCOI sequence analysis for the genus Aequorea

Aequorea taiwanensis, a new hydrozoan species from the Taiwan Strait was described using morphological and molecular characteristics. Both morphological and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) data supported A. taiwanensis n. sp. as a valid species. Sequence divergence and genetic distance of A. taiwanensis n. sp., A. papillata and A. conica were analysed based on the mtCOI gene sequences. The mtCOI sequences from these three species of the genus Aequorea showed high variation frequency, with sequence divergences ranging from 9.10% to 11.9%, and pairwise genetic distances ranging from 0.097 to 0.130. MtCOI sequence analysis provided diagnostic molecular systematic characteristics for accurate identification and discrimination of the species of Aequorea or their populations, and will be used to resolve evolutionary relationships among them.It was suggested that 10%—20% pairwise mtCOI sequence differences indicated the specieslevel divergence among congeneric species in the Hydromedusae.     

Perturbed solution of sea-air oscillator for the E1 Ni(n)o/La Ni(n)a-Southern Oscillation mechanism

A class of coupled system of the E1 Ni(n)o/La Ni(n)a-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) mechanism is studied. Using the perturbed theory, the asymptotic expansions of the solution for ENSO model are obtained and the asymptotic behavior of solution for corresponding problem is considered.     

Theoretical Analysis of A Buoyant Jet Interacting with Small Amplitude Waves

A new theoretical solution is presented here for the dynamic characteristics of a buoyant jet due to opposing small amplitude waves.The conservation equations of mass,tangential momentum and vertical momentum are solved by the integral method which encompasses the Gaussian profiles of velocity and density.The action of waves is incorporated into the equations of motion as an external force and a new exact solution is obtained to predict the trajectory,velocity distribution and boundary thickness of the buoyant jet over an arbitrary lateral cross section.It is found that the velocity along the centerline is inversely proportional to the ratio of the momentum of the wave to the buoyant jet.The averaged boundary width varies with the fluctuation of the boundary width,the distance from the orifice and the velocity correction function.Owing to the motion d waves,the fluctuation of the boundary width is proportional to the wave steepness.     

豹纹鳃棘鲈胚胎发育的初步观察

2008年5月20日,对海水网箱养殖的豹纹鳃棘鲈(Plectropomus leopardus Lacépède)亲鱼进行人工催产试验,并对获得的受精卵进行胚胎发育观察,描述其发育各期的形态特征及发育速度.豹纹鳃棘鲈的受精卵呈浮性,透明圆球形,卵径为816.5 μm±15.9 μm,具一直径约145.5 μm的大油球,有些受精卵还含有数个(1～6)小油球.在自然海区水温30.0～31.2℃条件下,胚胎发育时间为16 h32 min.     

不同水温、pH条件下一氧化氮对中肋骨条藻生长的影响

选用厦门海域中常见的赤潮藻中肋骨条藻,进行不同水温、pH条件下一氧化氮（NO）对该藻生长影响的实验,初步研究了水温、pH和一氧化氮含量与中肋骨条藻生长之间的关系．结果表明：水温为25～30℃和pH为8．20～8．30时,一氧化氮对中肋骨条藻生长的促进作用最为明显．因此,一氧化氮的这种促进作用将可能增加赤潮发生的机率,增加对该因子的监测将可能提高对赤潮预警预测的准确性．     

闽东沿岸2004～2006年浮游植物生态特征研究

根据闽东海洋环境监测中心2004年-2006年阂东沿岸生态调查的资料,分析和研究了闽东沿岸浮游植物的生态特征．共鉴定出浮游植物的种类3个门39属共134种,其中硅藻门的种类占总种数的80％,为该调查海域主要门类．主要优势种是中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）、旋链角毛藻（Chaetoceros curvisetus）、尖刺拟菱形藻（Pseudo—nitzschia pungens）和丹麦细柱藻（Leptocylindrus danicus）等．浮游植物的丰度分布,呈现由调查海域东北侧向西南侧、由近岸向远岸减少的空间特征,夏季高、春季低的季节变化特点,并且有逐年减少的年际变化趋势．本调查海域浮游植物多样性指数较高,群落较稳定．     

深海沉积物地热探针贯入沉积物深度的探讨

针对新型自容式高精度深海沉积物地热探针贯入沉积物深度、插入过程的运动轨迹以及探针的稳定性问题,进行了深入研究,对探针的结构设计以及探针下放要求具有重要指导意义.     

广西文蛤(Meretrix)的fAFLP 及ITS 分析

利用fAFLP标记技术和PCR-RFLP技术,对采集于广西的形态和壳色变异很大的2个文蛤群体(G、W)以及山东文蛤(S)群体进行了遗传结构和亲缘关系研究.fAFLP分析显示:在457个总扩增位点中存在53个W群体的特异性位点(其中9个为100%显性)、21个G群体的特异性位点、14个S群体的特异性位点,这些位点可作为群体鉴别的特征性标记;通过计算群体间相对遗传距离和聚类分析,发现S和G间的遗传距离最小(0.0424),在系统树上首先聚在一起,而W与S、G的相对遗传距离均很大(0.2308和0.2305),单独分出一支.对文蛤核糖体ITS的PCR-RFLP结果显示:W的三个不同壳色类群(WX、WC、WH)的酶切结果完全一致,而与G和S群体差别较大;G和S群体基本一致,但也稍有差别.进一步的ITS序列分析显示:W的ITS序列长度为1266-1269bp.而G和S分别为1614bp和1520bp;W群体内部序列比较保守,而与G和S群体之间在ITSl和ITS2开始和结尾处均存在多处插入/缺失;在依据序列构建的系统树上,WX、WC、WH三个类群聚在一起,S和G聚为另一支,两支相距甚远.本研究结果表明,fAFLP标记分析、PCR-RFLP分析和ITS序列分析结果一致,W群体和G、S群体的差异较大,已超出种内群体间的遗传变异,S和G尽管存在遗传分化,但仍应同属Meretrix meretrix-个物种.