基于等效偏移距的偏移成像方法

等效偏移距偏移(EOM)成像方法将克希霍夫时间偏移的双平方根方程转化为一个单平方根方程,使输入采样在没有发生时移的情况下映射到以等效偏移距为变量的共散射点道集上,使散射能量按照双曲线规律分布。然后通过克希霍夫动校正和适用在共散射点道集上的叠加来完成偏移成像。基于等效偏移距叠前地震偏移(EOM)的基本理论,对CSP道集的抽取过程进行模拟实现,并对模型进行速度分析,实现偏移成像。     

5种不同颜色空间的均匀性研究

颜色的均匀性是评价颜色空间的优劣和影响其选择使用的重要指标之一,其色差计算值对于颜色再现评价的再现过程控制具有重要作用。在中国颜色体系的基础上,分别从明度、色相和彩度的角度对颜色空间C IEL*a*b*、C IEL*u*v*、NC-IIIC、L*a*b*-N和C IECAM02-UCS的均匀性进行了分析和比较。结果表明,这几种颜色空间明度的均匀性都比较理想,而色相和彩度的均匀性较差。就这5种颜色空间而言,NC-IIIC和L*a*b*-N颜色空间均匀性要优于其他颜色空间。     

西天山卡拉达湾地区铀及多金属综合找矿方向研究

卡拉达湾地区位于新疆北天山西段,属于中亚造山区,是在前寒武纪基底陆壳裂解的基础上发展起来的陆间型造山带,是铀及多金属成矿的重要区域。本文在前人工作的基础上,依据地面磁测、地面伽玛总量测量结果,总结分析了卡拉达湾地区磁场、放射性场、构造、矿化蚀变特征与铀及多金属成矿的关系,并圈定了铀及多金属找矿有利地段各2处,为西天山卡拉达湾地区的铀及多金属矿找矿工作提供方向。     

INVESTIGATION OF STATUS AND DEMAND ON PUBLIC SERVICE OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER MITIGATION IN CHINA

In order to make a comprehensive and systematic evaluation of the status and demands of public service of earthquake disaster mitigation, we launched an investigation with Social Opinion Polling Center of National Bureau of Statistics on the current situation of public service of earthquake disaster mitigation and the demands for it in 2018. The investigation was conducted for 18~75-year-old residents for both urban and rural areas in 31 provinces of China mainland using the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview(CATI)method and 20 078 valid samples were received in total. The questionnaire mainly includes two parts: the current situation assessment and the demand survey. The assessment of public service status consists of five indicators: earthquake emergency drill, knowledge publicity of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, acquisition of earthquake information, reliability of information released by earthquake agencies, and overall satisfaction. The results indicate that only 27.4% of public have participated the earthquake emergency drill, and 73.5% of public have learned some knowledge about earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in different level. It shows that rural residents have a lower level of scientific knowledge of earthquake disaster mitigation although the rural residents have a higher level of satisfaction. Meanwhile, 82.9% of the public are very concerned about earthquake-related information, and the earthquake information acquisition convenience score is 81.51 points(the full score is 100 points). At present, TV is still the most popular way to obtain the earthquake-related information, besides that, network and the new media app such as Wechat and Weibo play a more and more important role. In terms of the reliability of official information published by the earthquake administration, the score is 83.69 points which indicates that the public tend to believe in official departments. Furthermore, the degree of satisfaction evaluation of public service of earthquake disaster mitigation is marked 76.44 points which shows that there is still much room for improvement. The more educated the public, the less satisfied they are with the public service of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. The results also show that 51.81% of the public are willing to obtain earthquake warning information at their own expense. As for the demand, the most expectative services for the public are post-earthquake rescue and reconstruction, earthquake warning, and house earthquake resilience test. The results of the investigation may provide some reference for the government to provide better services of earthquake disaster mitigation and to make scientific knowledge popularization in a more scientific way.     

Three-dimensional scour below offshore pipelines in steady currents

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on three-dimensional scour below offshore pipelines subject to steady currents. The major emphasis of the investigation is on the scour propagation velocity along the pipeline after the scour initiation. Physical experiments were conducted to quantify the effects of various parameters on scour propagation velocity along the pipeline in a water flume of 4 m wide, 2.5 m deep and 50 m long. Local scour depths directly below the model pipeline were measured using specifically developed conductivity scour probes. Effects of various parameters such as pipeline embedment depth, incoming flow Shields parameter and flow incident angle (relative to the pipeline) on scour propagation velocity along the pipeline were investigated. It was found that scour propagation velocity generally increases with the increase of Shields parameter but decreases with the increase of the pipeline embedment depth. A general predictive formula for scour propagation velocity is proposed and validated against the experimental results.     

尼泊尔Ms8.1地震构造背景及对周边地区地震活动趋势的影响

分析印度板块与欧亚板块俯冲带、尼泊尔Ms8.1地震震中区地震构造及地震发震构造,讨论主震对余震触发及余震的时空强特征和地震对周边地区地震活动趋势的影响。初步分析认为,主边界断裂为本次地震的发震构造,属于低角度逆冲断层地震;余震分布范围与震源破裂面积和方式基本一致,具有向东迁移的时空特征;西藏定日Ms5.9、聂拉木Ms5.3地震不属于尼泊尔地震余震,是应力扰动的结果;沿俯冲带向东至喜马拉雅东构造结是大震发生的危险地段。     

基于住宅小区尺度的城市基层医疗点可达性分析

推动基层医疗点在城市中的合理配置,对城市医疗体系建设有重要的意义.以住宅小区为研究单位,基于武汉市主城区的住宅小区和基层医疗点大数据,利用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)网络分析技术和改进的两步移动搜索算法,从城市的不同环区尺度研究城市基层医疗卫生服务中心的可达性与完备性,为加强城市基层医疗卫生服务体系建设提供建议.结果表明:改进的两步移动搜索法较充分地考虑了距离衰减的影响,网络分析技术较合理反映了城市街区的可达性;不同环区基层医疗服务存在不均衡发展,一、二、三环区最近就医车行时间分别是平均17、14、15min;可达性指数空间差异显著,总体上主城区北部区域基层医疗服务可达性较低.为提高基层医疗服务的公益性,可以考虑在社区卫生服务中心覆盖不到的地区适当增设社区卫生服务站.     

融合建筑物与POI数据的精细人口空间化研究

精细的人口分布数据能刻画出行政单元内部细节的人口空间分布信息,为城市规划、灾害评估等相关研究和应用提供有效数据支撑.利用房屋建筑及高德兴趣点(point of in?terest,POI)数据提取建模因子,结合随机森林模型获取了武汉市2015年常住人口50 m空间化数据集.结果表明,相较于WorldPop数据集结果,所提出方法的结果在武汉市高、中、低3种不同人口密度社区单元均具有更高的拟合精度.