基于SPOC模式的"GNSS原理及应用"课程教学探索

针对"GNSS原理及应用"传统教学模式中存在的问题,对基于SPOC的混合式教学模式进行了探索,提出了以学生为中心、发挥在线教学优势、做好"导教"和"导学"的基本教学思路,并在此基础上进行了SPOC教学实践.实践结果表明,基于SPOC模式的"GNSS原理及应用"课程能够充分体现学生在教学活动中的主体地位,并发挥出教师在教学过程中的引导作用,为该课程教学提供了新的思路.     

Chan序贯平差组合算法的超宽带定位降噪

在室内环境中接收机与标签之间的距离会受到随机误差的影响,针对超宽带系统的定位特性,结合Chan算法和序贯平差算法的优势,本文提出了Chan序贯平差(Chan-SA)组合算法,以削弱测距随机误差的影响。首先,通过Chan算法两次加权最小二乘获得标签的三维坐标;然后,将此坐标作为初始值代入序贯平差算法中,利用序贯平差算法对后续数据进行迭代得出最优解。仿真数据和实地测量数据的解算结果表明：与Chan算法、粒子滤波算法和序贯平差算法比较,静态场景中Chan-SA算法定位精度分别提高50.14%、35.29%和41.91%,同时在动态场景内也证明了本文算法的适用性。因此,Chan-SA可以提高超宽带系统的定位精度和稳健性。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸阿考替胺三水合物工业品含量

盐酸阿考替胺三水合物为第一个胃肠蠕动改善药物,用来治疗功能性消化不良,作为一种新药,其分析测定方面的报道甚少,已有的报道采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)以甲醇-磷酸二氢钾-辛烷磺酸钠为流动相进行测定,由于使用了离子对试剂辛烷磺酸钠,因而分析过程比较耗时且保留不够稳定。本文基于盐酸阿考替胺三水合物为两性化合物,建立了测定其含量的高效液相色谱分析方法。测定方法采用C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-20 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液=45:55(V/V)为流动相(pH 6.8)进行等度洗脱,紫外检测波长选择280 nm,盐酸阿考替胺三水合物的保留时间合适且峰形较好,出峰时间为8 min,总分析时间为23 min。在优化色谱条件下,盐酸阿考替胺三水合物的浓度在0.0006~1.0 mg/mL范围内线性关系良好,检出限为0.0002 mg/mL,日内、日间测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于1.0%。该方法不添加离子对试剂,有利于色谱系统的快速平衡,提高了实验的重复性和可操作性,可对盐酸阿考替胺三水合物工业品进行快速分析,实现对原料药的质量控制。     

GDP32瞬变电磁法数据转换方法及实现

瞬变电磁法在矿产资源等勘查领域已广泛应用,成为寻找铜多金属硫化物矿床的重要方法。GDP32作为多功能电法工作站,现已普遍应用于地质勘查工作。但其数据处理软件功能较少,用户界面单调,操作性不强,无法满足干扰区数据的选择和调整,本文就其数据转换原理及实现方法进行介绍,方便大家自行编写数据预处理程序。     

黑曲霉对石英砂除杂效应研究

研究利用黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)降低石英砂中杂质含量,提高其白度。采用不同培养基、培养状态以及培养时间来探讨黑曲霉对石英砂除杂效率的影响,用X荧光光谱仪(XRF)检测不同处理石英砂化学组成,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察石英砂微观形貌,原子吸收法测定培养基中阳离子浓度。结果表明,黑曲霉对石英砂除杂效果明显。试验最佳处理条件是:PDA液体培养基,28℃,120r/min震荡培养6d,铁杂质去除率可达62.7%,石英砂白度明显提高。就黑曲霉对石英砂除杂机理进行了综合分析,强调黑曲霉-矿物聚集体及其酸性微环境有助于石英砂中杂质的浸出。     

倾斜摄影与近景摄影相结合的山地城市实景三维精细化重建与单体化研究

无人机倾斜摄影实景三维模型是一种能够对复杂山地环境较好感知和表达的有效手段之一。本文针对复杂山地城市开展倾斜摄影实景三维存在的问题,提出了适应于山地区域的多尺度的影像获取策略,并通过与近景摄影测量融合建模的方法,实现了对山地城市倾斜摄影实景三维模型精细化建模的目的;同时,对实景三维模型的单体化方法进行了介绍及对比分析,对后期山地城市开展倾斜摄影提供了一定的技术参考。     

Ocean-continent Transition to Suprasubduction Zone Origin of the Western Yarlung Zangbo Ophiolites in SW Tibet, China: Multi-stage, Transient Evolution of the Neotethyan Oceanic Lithosphere

The ophiolites that crop out discontinuously along the~2000 km Yarlung Zangbo Suture zone(YZSZ)between the Nanga Parbat and Namche Barwa syntaxes in southern Tibet represent the remnants of Neotethyan oceanic lithosphere(Fig.1a).We have investigated the internal structure and the geochemical makeup of mafic-ultramafic rock assemblages that are exposed in the westernmost segment of the YZSZ where the suture zone architecture displays two distinct sub-belts of ophiolitic and mélange units separated by a continental Zhongba terrane(Fig.1b).These two sub-belts include the Daba–Xiugugabu in the south(Southern sub-belt,SSB)and the Dajiweng–Saga in the north(Northern sub-belt,NSB).We present new structural,geochemical,geochronological data from upper mantle peridotites and mafic dike intrusions occurring in these two sub-belts and discuss their tectonomagmatic origin.In-situ analysis of zircon grains obtained from mafic dikes within the Baer,Cuobuzha and Jianabeng massifs in the NSB,and within the Dongbo,Purang,Xiugugabu,Zhaga and Zhongba in the SSB have yielded crystallization ages ranging between130 and 122 Ma.Dike rocks in both sub-belts show N-MORB REE patterns and negative Nb,Ta and Ti anomalies,reminiscent of those documented from SSZ ophiolites.*Harzburgitic host rocks of the mafic dike intrusionsmainly display geochemical compositions of abyssal peridotites(Fig.2),with the exception of the Dajiweng harzburgites,which show the geochemical signatures of forearc peridotites(Lian et al.,2016).Extrusive rocks that are spatially associated with these peridotite massifs in both sub-belts also have varying compositional and geochemical features.Tithonian to Valanginian(150–135 Ma)basaltic rocks in the Dongbo massif have OIB-like geochemistry and 138 Ma basaltic lavas in the Purang massif have EMORB-like geochemistry(Liu et al.,2015).Tuffaceous rocks in the Dajiweng massif are140 Ma in age and show OIB-like geochemistry.We interpret these age and geochemical data to reflect a rifted continental margin origin of the extrusive rock units in both sub-belts.These data and structural observations show that the western Yarluang Zangbo ophiolites represent fragments of an Ocean-Continent Transition(OCT)peridotites altered by fluids in an initial supersubduction setting.We infer that mafic-ultramafic rock assemblages exposed in the SSB and NSB initially formed in an ocean–continent transition zone(OCTZ)during the late Jurassic,and that they were subsequently emplaced in the forearc setting of an intraoceanic subduction zone within a Neotethyan seaway during 130 to 122 Ma.The NSB and SSB are hence part of a single,S-directed nappe sheet derived from a Neotethyan seaway located north of the Zhongba terrane.     

黑色岩型铂族矿物中铂钯金相态ICP-MS分析方法研究

黑色岩是近年发现的铂族元素重要载体,由于其金属来源的多样性及成矿作用的复杂性,对于铂族元素在该类矿物中的分布及富集形式目前并不十分清楚,这也是造成黑色岩中铂族元素测定不稳定的主要原因。本文根据黑色岩的矿物性质及组成,将黑色岩中Pt、Pd、Au的赋存状态划分为:可交换相、有机结合相、硫化物结合相、残渣相。通过应用硫氰酸钾+氰化钠作为解吸剂,有效抑制了黑色岩中有机碳对各相态中Pt、Pd、Au的吸附,采用分离富集ICP-MS法测定了Pt、Pd、Au在各相态中的分布。结果表明:(1)各元素各相态的提取总量与该元素在样品中的总量之比分别为Pt 94.4%~101.0%,Pd 95.8%~101.0%,Au 96.7%~102.0%,说明本方法具有较好的准确性和重现性;(2)黑色岩矿物中Pt、Pd、Au的富集不仅具备亲硫性,而且与有机碳形成的地质条件、地质背景有明显的相关性,此结果为研究黑色岩中铂族元素所处的地球化学环境及其成矿规律提供了重要信息。     

北欧海海面高度上升减缓及其机理研究

A slowdown of sea surface height(SSH) rise occurred in the Nordic(GIN) seas around 2004.In this study,SSH satellite data and constructed steric height data for the decades before and after 2004(i.e.,May 1994 to April 2014)were used for comparative analysis.The findings indicate that the rate of slowdown of SSH rises in the GIN seas(3.0 mm/a) far exceeded that of the global mean(0.6 mm/a).In particular,the mean steric height of the GIN seas increased at a rate of 4.5 mm/a and then decreased at a slower pace.This was the main factor responsible for the stagnation of the SSH rises,while the mass factor only increased slightly.The Norwegian Sea particularly experienced the most prominent slowdown in SSH rises,mainly due to decreased warming of the 0–600 m layer.The controlling factors of this decreased warming were cessation in the increase of volume of the Atlantic inflow and stagnation of warming of the inflow.However,variations in air-sea thermal flux were not a major factor.In the recent two decades,mean halosteric components of the GIN seas decreased steadily and remained at a rate of 2 mm/a or more because of increased flow and salinity of the Atlantic inflow during the first decade,and reduction in freshwater inputs from the Arctic Ocean in the second decade.     

中国全球化海洋战略研究

制定全球化海洋战略不仅是我国海洋强国建设的重要举措,也是服务海洋经济全方位对外开放的实际需求,更是我国海洋事业发展的必然趋势。基于价值观的演变,开展中国全球化海洋战略的战略背景分析,并探讨了全球化海洋战略的内涵;从维护国家安全、促进经济和环境可持续发展、寻求外线突破和参与全球海洋治理等方面,深入论述了全球化海洋战略对中国的战略性意义;探索了中国全球化海洋战略在四大洋整体布局框架,并讨论了其战略目标及战略手段。最后,从战略理念、法律法规、机制体制、国际合作、科技支撑与海洋文化等角度提出对策建议。