Estimation of tree transpiration and response of tree conductance to meteorological variables in desert-oasis system of Northwest China

Transpirations of three dominated tree species, namely Mongol Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litvin), White elm (Ulmus pumila) and Gansu Poplar (Populus gansuensis Wang et Yang) in oasis shelter forest (Linze site) and of two dominated tree species,namely Euphrates Poplar (Populus euphratica Oliv.) and Russia olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia Linn.) in lowland desert (Erjinaqi site) have been estimated using measured sapflow in summer,autumn and winter, 2002 and in spring, 2003. An ENVIS System was used for each site to measure microclimate variables, soil moisture and sapflow every half an hour, and the study time scale is one day. In the 104 days of observation during the growing season at the Linze site, the average daily sapflow of Gansu Poplar is 9.93L·d-1,and the average transpiration per unit leaf area is 1.99mm·d-1.For White elm tree,the daily average sapflow is 4.08L·d-1,while the daily average transpiration per unit leaf area is 0.49mm·d-1.The values for Mongol Scotch Pine are 3.91L·d-1 and 0.25mm·d-1,respectively.In the total 73 days of observation during the growing season at the Erjinaqi site, the daily average sapflows of Russia olive and Euphrates Poplar are 12.1 and 20.97L·d-1,respectively,and the average transpirations per unit leaf area are 0.22 amd 0.31mm·d-1,respectively.In the observation period of the growing season,tree conductances of Mongol Scotch Pine, White elm, Gansu Poplar or Russia olive show an exponential relationship with the daily average air temperature or vapour pressure deficit, but the relationship is not so obvious between tree conductance and global radiation. The transpiration process of each tree species is affected by all the observed four environmental variables. The response of tree conductance to different climatic factors changes with tree species. The effect of the same factor to the same tree species is also variable in different growing stages. The sapflow of every tree species is relatively large in later spring to early summer, and low in summer, and then reaches its largest value in later September. In the mid-November, the sapflow is relatively large, especially the deciduous tree species. This may be characteristic of the tree species in Arid Regions of Northwest China.     

压密注浆在砂土液化处理中的应用

介绍了压密注浆法应用于安庆电厂地基液化处理的实践。通过现场检测资料的分析得出了压密注浆在处理液化地基的工程中可以达到设计要求，消除液化，提高地基土的承载力，而且在不便于大型施工机具进入的狭窄场所具有优越性的结论。     

基于遗传算法的钻机调度路线最优化

在实际桩基施工过程中,由施工管理人员根据自己的经验和现场的基本要求对钻机调度路线做出安排的方法不能做到对工期的有效控制和对钻机路线的优化调度.将钻机的调度问题转换成多旅行商的巡回问题并进一步分割,以求解硬时间约束的单旅行商问题.为了求得优化解,引入遗传算法,采用MATLAB编制了相应的程序.通过对上海黄埔体育中心桩基工程的应用分析,并与实际施工对照,结果表明遗传算法思想应用到实际施工中是可行的.     

GPS网观测时间对观测精度的影响分析研究

利用实测GPS网数据制定了不同的观测时间的数据处理方案，对观测时间对计算精度的影响进行了细致的分析研究，通过大量的统计分析给出了不同观测时间所能够达到的精度范围。     

公路基础信息系统的分析与设计

公路具有标准的线性特征，将GIS应用于公路信息的管理领域，是公路管理的发展趋势。本文对公路基础信息管理与应用系统的系统目标与开发、系统功能、系统数据库分别进行了分析、描述和设计。     

长对角线法实现GIS中矢量地图面状地物汉字注记的自动配置

从图形学角度探讨了面状要素自动注记的问题，认为对于GIS矢量地图中大量的复杂面状图形可以通过简化后构建其简单多边形，进而获取简单多边形内的最长对角线作为注记配置的基准线，提出了一种简单快速的地图面状地物汉字注记自动配置的新算法。     

Inversion of source parameters for moderate and small earthquakes in Beijing region

Introduction Beijing and the adjacent regions is a significant seismically active area and many geoscien- tists have studied to different extents the non-elastic attenuation and source parameters in the area. GAO et al (1986) and ZHUO et al (1990) studied the coda Q in the Beijing region by the method of dominant frequency and mechanical frequency division with the simulated data. With the con- tinuous construction of digital seismic station network, the digital data are more favorably used…     

远程教育系统中卫星小站的防雷电设计

分析了雷电引入卫星小站系统的途径,阐述了卫星小站系统的防雷电措施,提出了构筑完整防雷体系保护系统设备的方法。     

中朝板块新元古代微亮晶(臼齿构造)碳酸盐事件、层序地层和建系研究

通过对中朝板块燕山、吉辽和徐淮地区新元古代地层的沉积学、旋回地层学、锶同位素地层学以及(臼齿构造)碳酸盐岩事件和海平面变化研究,特别是IGCP447项目的全球性综合调查和对比研究,提出了增建北华系的地层划分和对比方案:以南华系底界(730±10Ma)也就是全球性成冰系的底界为北华系的顶界,而北华系底界应该对应于青白口系顶界(850Ma),即以钓鱼台组底界作为青白口系与北华系的界线。辽宁大连金石滩剖面可以作为北华系界线层型剖面的候选剖面。     

鄂尔多斯盆地榆林气田陕151井区天然气富集高产因素简析

榆林气田陕151井区山西组二段储集层是实现增储上产的主力产层。影响该区天然气富集高产的主要因素:石炭—二叠系煤系烃源岩提供了丰富的生气母质,在低孔、低渗背景上发育了多期水下分流河道石英砂岩和岩屑石英砂岩有效储层,在平缓构造背景上发育的低幅度鼻隆构造带严格控制着气、水分布;山西组顶部发育的浅湖相泥岩提供了良好的盖层条件。