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21.
看一眼列宁格勒区的地图,不难发现,芬兰湾北部沿岸的海岸线被切割得极深。大量的岛屿、礁石、半岛和海湾形成了芬诺斯坎迪亚典型的断崖地貌景观,后者被认为是芬兰湾北岸自然组合的样本。 相似文献
22.
本文介绍了花岗岩类(石英二长岩及花岗闪长岩)岩基型侵入体中矽化带型热液铀矿床的岩体、区域构造、伴生有色金属矿床、铀矿床本身及成矿年代。铀矿化和灰色及黑色微粒石英脉或玉髓脉的关系密切。铀矿化晚于锌铅矿化。铀矿化年代为6000万年。其后有英安岩的侵入。 相似文献
23.
László Szarka 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(3)
As I learned it from extensive geo-electromaguetic analogue modeling experiments, some specific nonconventional interpretation parameters, in certain conditions, give more detailed information about the geometry of subsurface resistivity inbomogeneities than the routinely used parameters. In this article, I show several examples, and I present how these early results influenced our later research. An enhanced geometric sensitivity may be due to special array geometry (as we call It "null array"), or it may be due to a narrow and very special frequency range (Le., the so-called "keyhole" range). Nonconventional but physically based interpretation parameters (like the Poyuting vector) or higher order invariants of resistivity or impedance tensors may also give useful additional information about the shape of subsurface bodies. One should be very careful in their application because a large part of these nontroditioual approaches are strongly constrained by measuring errors and geological noise. 相似文献
24.
ZHANG Fengqi A Minn CHEN Hanlin YANG Shufeng SUN Mindao ZHAO Xueqin Geoffrey E. Batt MENG Qi’an 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):520-520
25.
报告了中、美两国在喜马拉雅山区进行的第一次深反射地震试验的结果.试验剖面南起喜马拉雅山山脊南亚东县的帕里镇,向北穿过喜马拉雅山脊的荡拉,到达康马南的萨马达.剖面长约100km.共中心点(CMP)叠加剖面上显示出:1.在地壳中部有一强反射带,向北缓倾斜下去,延长达100km以上.它可能代表了一个活动的逆冲断裂或是一条巨大的拆离带,印度地壳整体或下地壳沿此拆离层俯冲到藏南之下.2.上部地壳的反射很丰富,显示了上地壳存在着大规模的叠瓦状结构.3.下地壳的反射同相轴呈现短而有规律的分布,显示了塑性流变特征.4.在测线南部莫霍反射明显,深度达72-75km.发现南部有双莫霍层的存在.5.试验中还取得莫霍层下面32,38,48s等双程走时的多条反射,向北倾斜,反射同相轴延续较长,信息丰富,反映了上地幔的成层结构和变形特征.这些结果对印度大陆地壳整体或其下地壳俯冲到藏南特提斯喜马拉雅地壳之下,并导致西藏南端地壳增厚的观点,给予了实质性的支持. 相似文献
26.
Turatto M Suzuki T Mazzali PA Benetti S Cappellaro E Danziger IJ Nomoto K Nakamura T Young TR Patat F 《The Astrophysical journal》2000,534(1):L57-L61
The extraordinary SN 1997cy associated with GRB 970514 has been observed photometrically and spectroscopically for nearly 2 yr. At the time of discovery, SN 1997cy was the brightest supernova (SN) ever observed (MV=-20.1, vhel=19,140 km s-1, H0=65 km s-1 Mpc-1). Up to the last available observations (600 days after the gamma-ray burst), the total time-integrated flux was equal to or larger than that expected from the complete thermalization of the gamma-rays produced by 2.3 M middle dot in circle of 56Co. However, starting already on day 60 the luminosity decline is slower than the 56Co decay rate, indicating that the SN ejecta was interacting with circumstellar material (CSM). The interaction appeared to weaken around day 550. The spectra of SN 1997cy are dominated at all epochs by Halpha emission, which shows at least three components of different widths, as in SN 1988Z. Several other lines with different widths are also visible, especially at early epochs. The entire light curve of SN 1997cy is reproduced by a model of the interaction of the very energetic (E=3x1052 ergs) ejecta of a massive star (25 M middle dot in circle) with the CSM, with some contribution from radioactive decays. The CSM could have been ejected with a mass-loss rate of M&d2; approximately 4x10-4 M middle dot in circle yr-1 as the progenitor star evolved from a blue to a red supergiant about 104 yr before the explosion. The lack of oxygen and magnesium lines in the spectra at nebular phases poses a problem for models requiring high-mass progenitors. The possibility that most of the core material of the progenitor has fallen onto a massive black hole so that the reverse shock dies at the inner edge of the H/He envelope is discussed. 相似文献
27.
Data from a migmatised metapelite raft enclosed within charnockite provide quantitative constraints on the pressure-temperature-time[P-T-t) evolution of the Nagercoil Block at the southernmost tip of peninsular India.An inferred peak metamorphic assemblage of garnet,K-feldspar.sillimanite,plagioclase,magnetite,ilmenite,spinel and melt is consistent with peak metamorphic pressures of 6-8 kbar and temperatures in excess of 900℃.Subsequent growth of cordierite and biotite record high-temperature retrograde decompression to around 5 kbar and 800 C.SHRIMP U-Pb dating of magmatic zircon cores suggests that the sedimentary protoliths were in part derived from felsic igneous rocks with Palaeoproterozoic crystallisation ages.New growth of metamorphic zircon on the rims of detrital grains constrains the onset of melt crystallisation,and the minimum age of the metamorphic peak,to around560 Ma.The data suggest two stages of monazite growth.The first generation of REE-enriched monazite grew during partial melting along the prograde path at around 570 Ma via the incongruent breakdown of apatite.Relatively REE-depleted rims,which have a pronounced negative europium anomaly,grew during melt crystallisation along the retrograde path at around 535 Ma.Our data show the rocks remained at suprasolidus temperatures for at least 35 million years and probably much longer,supporting a long-lived high-grade metamorphic history.The metamorphic conditions,timing and duration of the implied clockwise P-T-t path are similar to that previously established for other regions in peninsular India during the Ediacaran to Cambrian assembly of that part of the Gondwanan supercontinent. 相似文献
28.
The two-dimensional barotropic, hydrodynamic and transport model MOHID is applied to the Patos Lagoon system using a nested modelling approach to reproduce both the lagoon and estuary hydrodynamics. A new Lagrangian oil spill model is presented and used to simulate a hypothetical oil spill in the estuary. Hydrodynamic fields are validated and used to force the oil model. Results show that the hydrodynamics of this system is mainly controlled by the wind and freshwater discharge. The dispersion, concentration and thickness evolution of the oil in the first day after the spill is determined by the equilibrium between these two factors. The freshwater discharge is the major factor controlling the oil dispersion for discharges greater than 5000 m3 while the wind assumes control for lower discharge amounts. The results presented are a first step toward a coastal management tool for the Patos Lagoon. 相似文献
29.
Sanz Pérez E 《Ground water》2001,39(2):203-209
Specific functions of distribution of the number of springs and of their contributions according to flow for each of nine lithological groups are established. These functions confirm the suitability of a general type of distribution (Sanz 1996), which is a borderline case of the lognormal distribution. The statistical methods proposed for the lithological types presented can be applied to any region if data on flow and lithology of the aquifers drained by springs are available. These methods have been applied to Spain, a representative region with varied geology, climate and topography; 71.2% of spring flow is supplied by limestones, 19.17% by alluvial sediments and marls, 6.7% by conglomerates and sandstones, and 3% by slates, plutonic rocks, quartzites, and other groups. Springs with discharge rates exceeding 2000 L/s exist only in limestones. The majority of springs with low flow occur in marls. If we consider springs with flow greater than 0.5 L/s, alluvial sediments, sandstones, marls, and limestones have the greatest density of springs per surface area, although the average flow varies greatly from one lithology to the next. The cumulative estimated discharge and the estimated number of springs depend upon the definition of the lower limit of flow. For example, total discharge is reduced by 30% if we eliminate all springs with flow lower than 0.5 L/min. 相似文献
30.
Transport of three herbicides in ground water at Twin Lake test site,Chalk River,Ontario, Canada 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A field tracer test performed under natural flow conditions at the Twin Lake test site, Chalk River Laboratories of the Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. in Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, using tritium and three herbicides (Chlortoluron, Terbuthylazine, and Pendimethalin) was interpreted using the dispersion equation with a combined reaction model. The reaction model couples an instantaneous equilibrium reaction governed by a linear adsorption isotherm with a reversible or irreversible kinetic reaction of the first order, and decay. An improved interpretation method consists of a simultaneous fitting of theoretical concentration and mass-recovery curves to the experimental data, which leads to a more reliable determining of reaction models and improves the accuracy of fitting. Tritium served as the reference tracer to determine the flow velocity, dispersivity, and the recovery of the herbicides. Chlortoluron was slightly delayed by equilibrium exchange with strongly reduced concentration due to an irreversible kinetic reaction and/or decay. Terbuthilazine was slightly delayed by equilibrium exchange, with strongly reduced concentration due to a reversible kinetic reaction with some influence of decay. A strong equilibrium reaction and a strong reversible kinetic reaction without degradation governed the transport of Pendimethalin, reducing considerably its concentration. The results obtained show that simulations based only on Kd and decay constant, especially if these parameters are found in the laboratory, may considerably differ from those performed with reaction parameters determined in properly performed field tests. The dominant reaction types, and the values of parameters found in the study, supply useful information on the transport of the investigated herbicides in sandy aquifers under natural flow conditions. 相似文献