P-T Paths Derived from Garnet Growth Zoning in Danba Domal Metamorphic Terrain, Sichuan Province, West China

Danba (丹巴) domal metamorphic terrain belongs to Songpan (松潘)-Ganze (甘孜) orogenic belt, where typical Barrovian and Buchan metamorphic zones are preserved. The former included chlorite, biotite, garnet, staurolite, kyanite and sillimanite zones, while the latter only developed silimanite+muscovite and sillimanite+K-feldspar zones. Integrated study has been carried on metamorphic reactions of garnet production and consumption, P-T paths and P-T-X-M phase relation and thermal tectonic model for Danba metamorphic zones. Petrological textures in thin sections show that garnet production and consumption in kyanite-sillimanite zone is mainly attributed to ChI+Ms+PI+Q=Grt+Bt+H2O and kyanite=sillimanite respectively. Based on mineral compositions, the geothermobarometry gives an average P, T condition of (4.9±0.3)×108 Pa, 543±30℃ for the first growth stage of the garnet and (5.8±0.3)±108 Pa, 534±29 ℃ for the second stage of garnet growth respectively. Anti-counter clockwise P-T paths were drawn using Gibbs method by NCMnKFMASH system for sample G98686 in the kyanite zone. The P-T-X-M modeling for the first mineral assemblages shows that the prediction is similar to the measured values in gossular, almandine and spessartine but mole fraction of pyrope and Fe/(Fe+Mg) deviated far from the contours; while that for the second mineral assemblages exhibits that the prediction is consistent with the measured value of pyrope, grossular content and Fe/(Fe+Mg) of garnet. A thermal tectonic model that there are at least three structure levels across the thrnst-decollement zones is presented according to the P-T paths, metamorphic grades and deformation styles for the staurolite-kyanite zone of the Barroviau type metamorphism, which will provide some constraints for the evolution of the nappe complex.     

中国桐柏大别构造带变质演化的岩石学证迹

桐柏大别构造带是秦岭造山带的东延部分，经历过多期次不同体制的构造运动，现今的桐柏大别山区是由一系列变质地体拼合而成，地体与地体之间为断层或韧性剪切带所围限各地体有自身变质变形史和PTt轨迹，但却有着碰撞造山带所共有的后造山抬升过程。本文揭示了随县群、红安岩群及大别杂岩中柯石英榴辉石、蓝晶铝直闪石片岩及紫苏石榴黑云母片麻岩的退变质再平衡结构特点。报道了大别山麻粒岩相变质年龄为1699Ma。各类岩石减压退变质再平衡结构，标志着后造山的隆升过程及其对桐柏大别构造带变质演化的启示。     

Lead isotope geochemical characteristics of Pb-Zn-Cu deposits on the southwestern margin of Tarim, and their significance

The polymetallic(Pb,Zn,Cu,etc) ore belt on the southwestern margin of Tarim is one of the major regions with the greatest prospecting potential in Xinjiang.Reported in this paper are the lead isotope data for 66 sulfide samples(including 50 galena samples,15 chalcopyrite samples and 1 pyrite sample) collected from such representative deposits as Tamu,Tiekelike,Kalangu,Abalieke,etc.in this ore belt.The Pb isotopic ratios of 206 Pb/204 Pb,207 Pb/204 Pb and 208 Pb/204 Pb in the galena samples range from 17.931 to 18.176,15.609 to 15.818 and 38.197 to 38.944,with the average values of 18.017,15.684 and 38.462,respectively.Those in the chalcopyrite samples range from 17.926 to 18.144,15.598 to 15.628 and 38.171 to 38.583,with the average values of 18.020,15.606 and 38.262,respectively.The pyrite sample has the Pb isotopic ratios of 206 Pb/204 Pb,207 Pb/204 Pb and 208 Pb/204 Pb to be 17.980,15.604 and 38.145,respectively.In combination with the previous Pb isotope data for sulfides,it is found that there is only a slight variation in the Pb isotopic composition of galena,chalcopyrite,sphalerite and pyrite in the ore belt.However,there is some difference in Pb isotopic characteristics between galena and chalcopyrite,especially the Pb isotopic composition of galena shows an obvious linear correlation with some other relevant parameters(e.g.β and γ).The comprehensive analysis suggested that lead in galena(maybe including sphalerite and pyrite) was derived principally from wall rocks and underlying basement,and that in chalcopyrite only originated from the basement.The single-stage model ages of these sulfides couldn’t indicate the time limit of metallogenesis(Pb,Zn,Cu,etc.),and the positive linear correlations for the Pb isotopic composition of galena are of no single-stage and two-stage Pb-Pb isochron significance.Furthermore,there are significant differences in Pb isotopic composition characteristics between the genetic type of deposits in this polymetallic ore belt and the Mississippi Valley type(MVT).In addition,the authors also pointed out that there is a phenomenon of differentiation(not paragenesis) for lead and copper elements during the process of metallogenesis in this ore belt.     

钛基柱撑累托石矿物材料的研究

在氮气环境中用TiCI4和HCI制成钛基柱撑液，采用离子交换法，用[Ti20O32(OH)12(OH2)18]^4 Dawson型Ti多核阳离子，交换累托石蒙皂石质晶层中的Na等阳离子，制成钛基柱撑累托石。通过电子探针定量分析、X射线衍射、红外光谱、热分析及魔角旋转核磁共振等方法，对钛基柱撑累托石的成分、结构和热稳定性进行了表征。钛基柱撑累托石具1．6nm的层孔隙，是一种很有应用前途的柱撑粘土矿物材料，有望在催化剂载体及环保材料领域中得到广泛的使用。     

Retrogressive Microstructures:A Key to Post Collisional Uplift and Extension Tectonics of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Rocks from Dabie Orogenic Belt,China

ThereisanunanimousunderstandingthattheUHPmetamorphisminDabie-SuluareaswasformedduringtheTri-assiccollisioneventbetweentheYangtzeandNorthChinacratons(Congetal.,l994$Zhouetal-,l996;Liouetal.,l994)-Eclogiteisthemostimportantrocktypeamongtheul-trahigh-pressure(UHP)metamorphicrocks.Accordingtotheiroccurrencethereare3typesofeclogites:typeIisen-clavesinultramaficintrusionsandasmembersinthelayeredmafic-ultramaficcomplex(Jahnl998);typeIispodsorlay-ersinthehighlymetamorphicsupracrustals(mainlying…     

全椒县范水洼金矿区控矿构造初步研究

研究区主要构造活动可分为3期：早期，发育以透入性的剪切劈理为特征的复式褶皱及倒转翼的逆冲剪切减薄拉断作用；中期，伸展作用；后期，脆性的挤压剪切破碎作用。通过详细地质构造剖面测制。建立了区内的主要构造格架：总体为一复式向斜一汪洼向斜，以杨柳岗组中上段为两翼，以琅琊山组为核，二级褶皱总体表现为向斜开阔，背斜紧闭，向南东倒伏的特征；二级褶皱的转折端为主要的控矿容矿构造，矿(化)体主要赋存于复式向斜的核部、背斜转折端。二级褶皱背斜转折端的拉张垮塌破碎角砾岩及翼部特别是近倒转翼的剪切破碎带是最重要的控矿容矿构造。     

塔里木盆地柯坪地区上寒武统表生溶蚀型藻格架白云岩的地球化学特征及意义*

采用野外观察、室内薄片鉴定及多项地球化学分析技术方法,对塔里木盆地柯坪地区上寒武统表生溶蚀型藻格架白云岩的特征及成因进行了研究。宏观上,藻格架白云岩呈丘状、透镜状夹于潮坪相白云岩层间,由于差异性溶蚀,发育了大量表生溶蚀孔。微观上,藻格架由富藻的泥粉晶白云石组成,而架间孔由浅色的亮晶白云石充填。藻格架泥粉晶白云石呈他形—半自形,镶嵌结构,具有暗红色—橙红色的阴极发光,较高的Na、K含量,较低的Fe含量;δ¹³C为-0.572‰～0.124‰、平均值-0.116‰,δ¹⁸O为-5.391‰～-4.983‰、平均值-5.240‰,表明其形成于准同生阶段盐度较高的相对氧化环境中。架间充填的亮晶白云石胶结物,呈半自形—自形中细晶,具有昏暗的阴极发光或者不发光,较低的Na、K含量,较高的Fe含量,δ¹³C值为-0.662‰～-0.251‰、平均值为-0.460‰;δ¹⁸O值为-6.639‰～-5.939‰、平均值-6.267‰,表明其形成于相对还原的埋藏环境。稀土元素分析结果表明,二者均具有LREE轻微富集、HREE亏损、Eu负异常特征,与海相泥晶灰岩稀土元素配分模式相似,揭示了其白云化流体均来自于原始的海水。在溶蚀作用方面,亮晶白云石胶结物相对泥粉晶白云石藻格架更易于溶蚀。前者在大气水表生溶蚀过程中,主量元素Ca、Mg丢失显著,Mg/Ca值由0.955降至0.007,微量元素Na、K丢失相对明显,Na/Ca值由原来的3.8×10^-4降为1.9×10^-4,K/Ca值由1.1×10^-3降至检测限以下,而不改变稀土元素的配分模式。这些特征表明,表生溶蚀过程在元素特征上是一个去白云化的盐度降低过程,而这一过程中基本无稀土元素的带入带出。     

火山—热液作用相关细粒沉积岩研究现状及前沿探索

陆相细粒沉积岩是中国含油气盆地中重要的烃源岩和致密油储集层。随着对烃源岩、致密油、页岩油-气勘探开发研究的不断深入,陆相细粒沉积岩取得了一系列重要进展并持续进行着前沿探索。作者论述了传统细粒沉积岩基本概念及演变,岩石、矿物组成特征、成因机制与分类方法。结合近年来在陆内裂谷盆地陆相细粒沉积岩中广泛分布的火山—热液物质的新报道及研究成果,认为火山物质、热液喷流物质不仅参与了陆相黑色细粒岩系的沉积和成岩作用,也与油气生成有密切关系。加强对陆相细粒沉积研究,探讨深源碎屑及热液流体的来源及其对细粒沉积过程的影响,既有利于丰富、完善沉积学和陆相含油气盆地生油理论,也有利于更好地指导致密油、页岩油-气的勘探开发。     

答“对秦岭奥长环斑花岗岩质疑”

环斑花岗岩是一种特殊结构的花岗岩类，并且多数产在元古宙克拉通中。笔者曾报道了在秦岭造山带中发育有印支期具有环斑结构的花岗质岩石。“对秦岭奥长环斑花岗岩质疑”一文认为它们不是环斑花岗岩，并引用Ramo的图表来说明自己的观点。本文将从以下几方面进行讨论：秦岭环斑花岗岩的研究历史；环斑花岗岩的定义；世界上环斑花岗岩的成因类型；秦岭环斑花岗岩的副矿物及铁镁含量和环斑钾长石特征；秦岭环斑花岗岩与基性岩共存等。本文还论证了秦岭环斑花岗岩不同于元古宙非造山环斑花岗岩，而是一种造山型的环斑花岗岩，其形成于后造山环境，是挤压（造山）向拉张（稳定）转折时期的产物。最后对研究秦岭环斑花岗岩的几个理论问题进行了探讨。     

PRECIS模式对内蒙古气候变化情景的模拟与分析

利用英国Hadley气候中心研制的区域气候模式系统PRECIS,嵌套全球环流模式HadCM3,模拟了气候基准时段1961-1990年内蒙古平均气温。通过模拟结果与实测值的对比分析。预测并分析了在B2温室气体排放情景（SRES）下．2071-2100年内蒙古气温的变化情景。结果表明：PRECIS模式较好的模拟出了内蒙古1961-1990年30年平均的气温分布,特别在模拟从东北向西南温度递增趋势上表现了良好的能力,尤其是在锡林浩特以东地区,模拟韵高低值中心位置和范围与实况比较吻合,且对夏季温度的模拟能力明显强于其他季节。在B2排放情景下,未来2071—2100年内蒙古气候继续向暖的方向发展,年平均气温、冬季和夏季平均气温均呈显著上升趋势,全区增温3．5～5℃。升幅最大的地区在阿拉善中西部。