内蒙古固阳下湿壕-武川酒馆韧性剪切带的大地构造意义探讨

固阳-武川韧性剪切带的大地构造意义及金的含矿性一直倍受科研和勘查部门的关注,许多学者曾从不同角度或以不同研究方法对其进行过论述。作者通过附近部分地区的详细地质填图研究,对其大地构造意义赋予新的内涵,认为该剪切带是相互分离的两个古陆块在晚太古代末一早元古代初碰撞拼贴的基础上,经早元古代中晚期近东西向左旋剪切改造的接触界线,色尔腾山岩群和乌拉山岩群是晚太古代不同大地构造环境的产物。     

非开挖可控冲击矛轨迹变化的试验研究

冲击矛技术作为非开挖技术的一个重要手段,由于其自身所具有的一些优势而被广泛采用。但是,冲击矛从其形成产品到现在,在施工时方向是不可控的,而可控冲击矛目前国内外还没有成形产品。欲使冲击矛的钻进方向可控,可以改变冲击矛的方向,使钻头轴线与冲击器轴线存在一定夹角是一个有效的办法。影响可控冲击矛轨迹变化的因素很多,由于目前没有成形冲击矛,因此,制做可控冲击矛的模型来进行模拟试验。通过试验去发现可控冲击矛轨迹的曲率半径变化与上述各种影响因素之间的关系,并通过建立数学模型来说明。     

受污染湖泊沉积物中氮素转化对有机污染物降解的促进效应与机制

目前有关硝化反应动力学及其共代谢降解有机污染物的研究多为实验室微生物纯培养体系,来源于野外环境样品的很少.以受污染湖泊严家湖1号塘沉积物为研究对象,野外钻探采样,并选取不同深度沉积物进行室内外加氮源的硝化实验.结果表明:表层土和钻井一处50～100 cm沉积物发生明显的硝化反应,同时有机污染物中六氯苯含量降低最多,分别...     

近50 年华南地区极端强降水频次的时空变化特征

利用华南地区110 个台站1961—2008 年逐日降水资料,采用百分位法定义各站极端强降水事件的阈值,运用线性回归、M-K 突变检验、正交函数分解(EOF)、旋转经验正交函数分解(REOF)等方法,对华南地区年极端强降水频次的时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明:在空间分布上,年极端强降水频次在华南中部较大、广东沿海和广西西部内陆较小;华南极端强降水频次有3 个主要的空间异常模态,一致性异常特征是华南极端强降水频次分布的最主要空间模态,而东、西反向和南、北反向变化模态也是比较重要的异常模态。在时间分布上,华南的极端强降水事件主要发生在夏半年,夏半年极端强降水频次占全年总频次的83.7%;1960 年代和1980 年代极端强降水频次较少,从1980 年代中后期起,极端强降水频次有由少变多的趋势。华南区域各站极端强降水频次气候倾向率不一致,除中部呈减少趋势外,其余大部呈上升趋势,华南区域各站极端强降水频次的平均序列也呈上升趋势,但上升趋势不显著。华南极端强降水频次从区域变化特征上可分为6 个主要区域,分别具有不同的年际变化趋势,其中有3 个区域的代表站先后发生了显著增多的突变现象。      

最优子集的神经网络预报建模研究

作者尝试用最优子集方法进行神经网络长期预报模型的建模方法研究。结果表明,在很多情况下,由于最优子集方法比逐步回归方法能选取更好的预报因子,因此所构造的神经网络预报模型具有更好的拟合和预报效果,这为神经网络在长期预报的应用研究提供了新的思路和方法。     

鄂尔多斯盆地早侏罗世富县期沉积演化: 大洋缺氧事件前后陆地气候变化的响应*

托阿尔期早期早侏罗世大洋缺氧事件(T-OAE,~183.8 Ma)是一次全球性的地质事件,鄂尔多斯盆地下侏罗统富县组记录了此次地质事件的陆地响应过程。主要基于盆地东缘野外地质调查、扫描电镜及薄片分析,本次研究描述了盆地东北部富县组岩性、颜色和沉积序列,利用前人研究成果总结了富县期岩相古地理变化规律及沉积模式,认为富县期经历了由干旱到湿润的古气候变化: 富县组下部含植物化石较为丰富的白色砂砾岩及黑色、灰色泥页岩沉积于湿润气候时期,对应着盆地下切河谷发育期和填平补齐期; 而上覆的罕见植物化石的杂色、红色泥页岩为(富县期晚期)相对平坦地形条件下的沉积,对应着早、中侏罗世湿润气候背景下的一次干旱气候脉动,为托阿尔期大洋缺氧事件在陆相环境的气候响应,可由此进行富县组区域等时性对比。研究认为“粗富县”为下切谷内河流充填沉积, “细富县”形成于湖泊环境或河漫环境, “黑富县”和“白富县”是湿润气候条件下沉积产物,而“红富县”和“杂富县”为T-OAE期后干旱条件下形成。     

Coupling between metallogenesis of the Cryogenian Datangpo-type manganese deposit in South China and major geological events

The exploration of the Cryogenian manganese deposits in the Datangpo Formation of South China has achieved great progress in recent years. It is concern in the long term there are many studies on this manganese deposits due to its particularity in the temporal and spatial distribution and the mineralization background. In this paper,we systematically summarize the previous achievements on the Datangpo-type manganese deposits. Besides,we also review current findings of Neoproterozoic global geotectonics,palaeoclimate evolution,ancient marine chemistry,and microbial evolution etc. The possible linkage between the massive metallogenesis of the Cryogenian Datangpo manganese deposits in the South China and Neoproterozoic major geological events is established. The break-up of Rodinia supercontinent led to the widespread rift basin systems in the world since the Middle Neoproterozoic. The Nanhua Basin in South China,which is a manganese-forming sedimentary basin,developed from the rift basin. The rift basin provided space for manganese deposits and controlled the distribution of manganese deposit. The hydrothermal activities at the bottom of the basin provided favorable manganese source. During the Neoproterozoic ice period(“Snowball Earth”event),global ice-sheets cut off or hindered exchanges of mass and energy between different spheres of Earth,which may lead to the widespread anoxic condition in the ice age ocean. The palaeoclimate changes during the glacial-interglacial period led to the disappearance of ice-sheets and the triggering of mass and energy exchanges between different sub-systems of Earth,followed by the variation of redox condition of the ancient sea. For the Nanhua Basin,the oxidation of surface water and the oxygen-bearing base flow provided the oxidation environment for the precipitation of manganese. Besides,new evidence indicated that manganese microbiological mineralization was the potential mechanism for manganese deposit under the microbial resuscitation condition during the interglacial period. All these major geological events have complicated connections and they provided essential metallogenic conditions for the sedimentary mineralization of “Datangpo”manganese deposit. It is believed that there is a coupling between the sedimentary metallogenesis of the Cryogenian Datangpo-type manganese deposit in South China and Neoproterozoic major geological events.     

海沟金矿区脉岩特征及其与金矿成矿关系

海沟金矿区脉岩发育,主要类型有闪长玢岩、次安山岩、徨绿岩、正长闪长玢岩,按其与矿脉穿切关系划分为矿脉就位前脉岩、就位后脉岩,它们的地球化学特征表明这些脉岩具有良好的同源演化关系,它们不仅与成矿具有密切的时空关系,而且为金矿成矿带来成矿流体和部分成矿物质.     

APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUES WITH NWP PRODUCTS FOR OBJECTIVE FORECASTING OF TROPICAL CYCLONE MOTION

Statistical study is first performed of the efficiency of the technique of statistical interpretation using the products of NWP. The result shows that the application of the technique has improved the predictabilily of predictors in objective forecasting of tropical cyclone motion, increased the forecasting skill of models and extended the valid period of forecast. Then a discussion is made of some technical problems in the application in the motion forecasting, suggesting: a large sample of data and perfect forecast method be employed in constructing objective forecast models for tropical cyclone motion, predictors be included that are so finely built that they reflect all synoptic features and physical quantity fields and NWP products be used and corrected that are available at multiple times. It is one of the effective ways to improve the skill and stability of the forecast by composite use of outcomes from various forecasting models.     

白银小铁山矿区含矿岩系中的糜棱岩类

白银小铁山矿区含矿岩系,前人定为细碧角斑岩系。其中含矿的直接围岩为石英角斑质凝灰岩（π３）,经我们研究,该含矿围岩应是分布在韧性剪切带中的一套糜棱岩类,具有明显的变形特征,其原岩为早中寒武世酸性火山岩类。