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排序方式: 共有580条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
571.
Tennille E. Mares Andrzej P. Radliński Tim A. Moore David Cookson P. Thiyagarajan Jan Ilavsky Jürgen Klepp 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2009,77(1-2):54-68
Small angle scattering techniques (SAXS and SANS) have been used to investigate the microstructural properties of the subbituminous coals (Rmax 0.42–0.45%) from the Huntly Coalfield, New Zealand. Samples were collected from the two thick (> 5 m) coal seams in the coalfield and have been analysed for methane and carbon dioxide sorption capacity, petrography, pore size distribution, specific surface area and porosity.Specific surface area (SSA) available for carbon dioxide adsorption, extrapolated to a probe size of 4 Å, ranged from 1.25 × 106 cm? 1 to 4.26 × 106 cm? 1 with total porosity varying from 16% to 25%. Porosity was found to be predominantly composed of microporosity, which contributed the majority of the available SSA. Although considerable variation was seen between samples, the results fit well with published rank trends.Gas holding capacity at the reservoir pressure (approximately 4 MPa) ranged from 2.63 to 4.18 m3/t for methane on a dry, ash-free basis (daf) and from 22.00 to 23.72 m3/t daf for carbon dioxide. The resulting ratio of CO2:CH4 ranged from 5.7 to 8.6, with an average of 6.7:1.Holding capacities for both methane and carbon dioxide on a dry ash free basis (daf) were found to be correlated with sample microporosity. However, holding capacities for the two gases on an as analysed (aa) basis (that is including mineral matter and moisture), showed no such correlation. Carbon dioxide (aa) does show a negative correlation with both specific surface area and microporosity. As the coals have low inorganic matter content, the reversal is thought to be related to moisture which is likely concentrated in the pore size range 12.5–125 Å. Methane holding capacity, both daf and aa, correlates with macroporosity, thus suggesting that the holding capacity of micropores is diminished by the presence of moisture in the pores. 相似文献
572.
D. Gra R. Engel D. Heck P. Homola H. Klages J. Pekala M. Risse B. Wilczyska H. Wilczyski 《Astroparticle Physics》2006,24(6):484-494
The light intensity distribution in a shower image and its implications to the primary energy reconstructed by the fluorescence technique are studied. Based on detailed CORSIKA energy deposit simulations, a universal analytical formula is derived for the lateral distribution of light in the shower image and a correction factor is obtained to account for the fraction of shower light falling into outlying pixels in the detector. The expected light profiles and the corresponding correction of the primary shower energy are illustrated for several typical event geometries. This correction of the shower energy can exceed 10%, depending on shower geometry. 相似文献
573.
I. N. Garczyńska B. Rompolt A. O. Benz C. Slottje A. Tlamicha C. Zanelli 《Solar physics》1982,77(1-2):277-283
The 120 limb surges which have been observed by means of Wrocaw Observatory coronagraph from September 1966 to November 1977 are investigated. The evolution of surges was compared with the radio data during the surges. A correlation between radio bursts and the surges was found, particularly with chains of type I radio bursts, which is the first reliable correlation found of these bursts with non-radio events. The type I correlation only applied for surges without accompanying flare, of which 43% are correlated with this type of radio emission. In 23 of 30 associated events the start of a surge coincided within 5 minutes with the start or an enhancement of the type I storm. If flares were present, the association was not significant.We also compared the maximum height reached by a surge with the frequencies of the radio bursts emitted at the same time and the maximum velocity of the rising surge with the frequency drift of type I chains. No such a correlation was however found.We discuss the possibility that surges are the result of a sudden energy input into the chromosphere related to the type I source in the corona. 相似文献
574.
K. Jach J. Leliwa-Kopysty ski M. Mroczkowski R.
wierczy ski P. Wola ski 《Planetary and Space Science》1994,42(12):1123-1137
This paper presents a time-dependent two-dimensional numerical model of the impact phenomena. The model deals with formation and evolution of a crater, formation of an impact jet, and with global deformation and dynamical parameters of the impacted body. The model is applied to study the problem of deformation of the Earth when impacted by an asteroid. A hydrodynamical code of the free particle numerical method (HEFP) is applied to a silicate asteroid (impactor) and to the multilayered spherical Earth (target) described by the PREM model. The asteroids radii are within a range between 5 and 800 km. The velocity range is 20–30 km s−1. Calculations cover the time intervals up to 2000 s.
Each of the material points of the bodies under consideration (the Earth and an asteroid) is described by its time-dependent position, velocity, specific internal energy, pressure and density. The global results, among others, are as follows: (i) deformation of the Earth's surface; (ii) position of the shock wave within the Earth; (iii) deformation of consecutive layers within the Earth's interior, and (iv) morphology of the crater including behavior of the impact jet and deformation of the impactor. 相似文献
575.
Ray Macdonald Bogus?aw Bagiński Fiorenzo Ronga Piotr Dzier?anowski Michele Lustrino Andrea Marzoli Leone Melluso 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2012,104(3-4):163-175
Matrix glass and melt inclusions in phenocrysts from pantellerite lavas of the Boseti volcanic complex, Ethiopia, record extreme fractionation of peralkaline silicic magma, with Al2O3 contents as low as 2.3?wt.%, FeO* contents up to 17?wt.% and SiO2 contents ~65?wt.%. The new data, and published data for natural and experimental glasses, suggest that the effective minimum composition for peralkaline silicic magmas has ~5?wt.% Al2O3, 13?wt.% FeO* and 66?±?2?wt.% SiO2. The dominant fractionating assemblage is alkali feldspar?+?fayalite?+?hedenbergite?+?oxides?±?quartz. Feldspar – melt relationships indicate that the feldspar is close to the minimum on the albite-orthoclase solid solution loop through the entire crystallization history. There is petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical evidence that magma mixing may have been a common process in the Boseti rhyolites. 相似文献
576.
Microconchids are a group of tiny, encrusting tubeworms. They appeared in the Late Ordovician, some 450 Myr ago, flourished during the rest of Palaeozoic and Triassic, and became extinct in the Middle Jurassic. Their morphological resemblance to the sedentary polychaete genus Spirorbis, very common in marine environments, misled various authors for decades. This mistake originally gave the genus Spirorbis an enormous stratigraphical range, from Ordovician to Recent. Indeed, microconchids provide an excellent example of evolutionary convergence with respect to both their morphology and ecology. In the late 1970s these ‘spirorbids’ were interpreted as vermetid gastropods on the basis of the inner architecture and microstructure of their tubes. This idea, however, was challenged in the 1990s when detailed microstructural investigation showed them to be neither polychaetes nor gastropods, but closely related to an extinct Palaeozoic enigmatic group of organisms called tentaculitids. No thorough investigation of their origin, phylogeny and ecology has ever been conducted, but new data concerning their palaeobiology has come to the light during the last few years. 相似文献
577.
Jóźwiak Waldemar Nowożyński Krzysztof Mazur Stanisław Jeż Maciej 《Surveys in Geophysics》2022,43(5):1563-1586
Surveys in Geophysics - This paper presents a three-dimensional (3-D) model of the resistivity distribution in the European lithosphere at the junction between the East European Craton, the... 相似文献
578.
Ray?MacdonaldEmail author Mari?Sumita Hans-Ulrich?Schmincke Bogus?aw?Bagiński John?C.?White S?awomir?S.?Ilnicki 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2015,169(4):34
Nemrut volcano, adjacent to Lake Van (Turkey), is one of the most important peralkaline silicic centres in the world, where magmatism for ~570,000 years has been dominated by peralkaline trachytes and rhyolites. Using onshore and Lake Van drill site tephra samples, we document the phenocryst and glass matrix compositions, confirming a complete spectrum from very rare mafic to dominantly silicic magmas. Magma mixing has been common and, along with the multi-lineage nature of the magmas, indicates that Nemrut has been a very open system where, nevertheless, compositionally zoned caps developed during periods of relative eruptive quiescence. Geothermometry suggests that the intermediate-silicic magmas evolved in an upper crustal magma reservoir at temperatures between 1100 and 750 °C, at fO2 close to the FMQ buffer. The silicic magmas either were halogen poor or exsolved a halogen-rich phase prior to or during eruption. An unusual Pb-rich phase, with up to 98.78 wt% PbO, is interpreted as having exsolved from the intermediate-rhyolitic magmas. 相似文献
579.
Witold Szczuciński Przemysław Niedzielski Grzegorz Rachlewicz Tadeusz Sobczyński Anetta Zioła Artur Kowalski Stanisław Lorenc Jerzy Siepak 《Environmental Geology》2005,49(2):321-331
Tsunami sediments deposited in a coastal zone of Thailand by the 26 December 2004 tsunami wave were sampled within 50 days after the event. All surface and ground waters in tsunami- inundated zone revealed significant salinity at that time. The tsunami sediments, composed mainly of fine to medium sand, contain significantly elevated contents of salts (Na+, K+, Ca+2, Mg+2, Cl and SO
4
−2
) in water-soluble fraction, and of Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb in the bioavailable fraction and As in the exchangeable fraction in relation to the reference sample. The origin of contaminants is marine, as well as litho- and anthropogenic. The salts and Pb, Zn and Cu reveal high correlation to each other and to the mean grain size (pore size and porosity). Serious environmental hazard exists in that region because, due to gentle morphology, there is a risk of migration of the contaminants into ground waters and food chain. 相似文献
580.