Pore-water geochemistry in methane-seep sediments of the Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan: Possible link to subsurface methane hydrate

Cold seeps are pervasive along the continental margin worldwide,and are recognized as hotspots for elemental cycling pathway on Earth.In this study,analyses of pore water geochemical compositions of one-400 cm piston core(S3) and the application of a mass balance model are conducted to assess methane-associated biogeochemical reactions and uncover the relationship of methane in shallow sediment with gas hydrate reservoir at the Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan.The results revealed that approximately 77% of sulfate is consumed by the predominant biogeochemical process of anaerobic oxidation of methane.However,the estimated sulfate-methane interface depth is-400 cm below sea floor with the methane diffusive flux of 0.039 mol/(m~2·a),suggesting the activity of methane seepage.Based on the δ~(13)C_(DIC) mass balance model combined with the contribution proportion of different dissolved inorganic carbon sources,this study calculated the δ~(13)C of the exogenous methane to be-57.9‰,indicating that the exogenous methane may be a mixture source,including thermogenic and biogenic methane.The study of pore water geochemistry at Makran accretionary wedge off Pakistan may have considerable implications for understanding the specific details on the dynamics of methane in cold seeps and provide important evidence for the potential occurrence of subsurface gas hydrate in this area.     

相变存储材料Ge1Sb2Te4和Ge2Sb2Te5薄膜的结构和电学特性研究

采用射频磁控溅射方法制备了两种用于相变存储器的Ge₁Sb₂Te₄和Ge₂Sb₂Te₅相变薄膜材料,对其结构、电学输运性质和恒温下电阻随时间的变化关系进行了比较和分析.X射线衍射(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)的结果表明:随着退火温度的升高,Ge₁Sb₂Te₄薄膜逐步晶化,由非晶态转变为多晶态,表面出现均匀的、     

Λ型三能级原子与对相干态光场共振作用中的非经典性质

研究了对相干态光场与一个Λ型三能级原子的共振相互作用中的各种非经典性质,例如光场的反群聚效应,Cauchy-Schwart不等式违背,光场的双模压缩性质等,并发现这些非经典性质在对原子态进行测量后将得到增强.     

第三次国土调查城镇村内部细化调查方法研究

基于第三次国土调查城镇村内部细化调查的工作要求和数据基础,梳理了城镇村调查边界划定、城镇村土地利用框架构建、城镇村土地利用图斑转绘、城镇村土地利用类型判定、外业补充调查等城镇村内部细化调查环节;归纳了1:2000基础地理信息数据、不动产登记数据、基础性地理国情监测数据等已有调查成果在各调查环节的数据转换利用方式,为城镇...     

区域数字地震台网实时速报系统研究

根据我国地震监测台网的发展趋势,提出了区域数字地震台网实时速报系统的发展目标,研究了实现这一目标应解决的实时数据流接收、震相自动识别、震相可靠性处理、实时地震定位、震相到时等值线实时绘制、地震震级的实时计算、地震动强度分布图的实时绘制等问题.我们编制了一套实时地震速报软件,实现了上述功能,并用福建数字地震台网记录的地震事件进行软件功能测试.测试结果表明:对于网内地震,软件处理结果基本达到中国地震局地震速报评比满分的要求,速报时间缩短至30～50 s.此外,通过实时仿真技术,系统可给出实际观测到的PGA、PGV、PGD等值线图,可以为应急救灾确定重灾区和有感范围提供帮助.     

中国大陆西部强震前超低频磁场时空变化特征

对2015年至2019年期间中国大陆西部的磁通门磁力仪秒采样观测资料开展了5—100 s频段的地磁垂直强度极化分析,并运用一些数学方法对分析结果进行了处理.结果显示,极化高值在经向和纬向均无明显的形态和幅值变化,且极化高值与地磁外源场扰动无关.在此基础上筛选出18次极化高值异常事件,利用插值方法得到了极化高值异常的空间...     

Asymptotic solutions of differential rotation driven by convection in rapidly rotating fluid spheres with the non-slip boundary condition

A strong Coriolis force in a rapidly rotating planet and star not only enforces two-dimensionality of fluid motion driven by thermal instabilities but also generates strong differential rotation even in the vicinity of the onset of instabilities. We derive an asymptotic solution describing convection-driven differential rotation in rotating, self-gravitating Boussinesq fluid spheres with the no-slip boundary condition, taking into account full spherical curvature and being valid for asymptotically small Ekman numbers. For the purpose of validating the asymptotic solution, the corresponding numerical analysis valid for large or small Ekman numbers is also carried out, showing a satisfactory agreement between the asymptotic and numerical solutions.     

Modeling the effects of riparian planting strategies on stream temperature: Increasing suitable habitat for endangered Formosan Landlocked Salmon in Shei‐Pa National Park,Taiwan

Reducing or stabilizing the stream temperature of ChiChiaWan Creek is a crucial work for Formosan Landlocked Salmon because ChiChiaWan Creek is the only one habitat for this endangered species. Planting trees in the riparian zone would be one of the alternatives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of several planting strategies on daily maximum stream temperature along the river. The results showed the effective vegetative shading angles should be more than 50° along ChiChiaWan Creek to reduce the direct solar radiation heating effectively. Upstream planting with 70° vegetative shading angle could be the most effective way among all the scenarios. However, this planting strategy could not improve the worst situations in summer because of the large solar elevation angles. The upstream planting in ChiChiaWan Creek was strongly recommended because the canopies could be easier to extend to totally cover the narrow width of river producing the most effective shades. Practicing the upstream planting with 90° vegetative shading angle can increase more than 1 km long suitable habitats for the endangered Salmon in summer. Alternatively, the west‐side planting scenario was the second effective way for temperature reduction. Our result provided a useful suggestion for the authorities in charge of saving the Formosan Landlocked Salmon, particularly under the stress of global warming. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mineral Chemistry of Clinopyroxenes in Mantle-Derived Inclusions in Cenozoic Basalts from Eastern China and Their Geological Significance

In this paper, 183 chemical analyses of clinopyroxenes are collected from mantle-derived inclusions inCenozoic basalts of eastern China. Through synthetic studies of the relevant data, their mineral chemistry andgeological significance are discussed. Based on the composition fo clinopyroxenes the authors conclude that theCenozoic upper mantle in eastern China is of the continental, primitive, metasomatic and high-temperaturetypes and is related to rift structural environment and variation in composition of basalts. The geobarometry ofclinopyroxenes indicates that Cenozoic basalts of eastern China are derived from the asthenosphere and thatthe average depth of faults progressively increases from south to north and from east to west.     

红粘土的微结构及其概化模型

本文论述红粘土的物质组成和微结构特征,在此基础上提出了红粘土微结构的概化模型,并根据这种模型对红粘土的工程特性进行了探讨。