Disorder-induced enhancement of conductance in doped nanowires

A new mechanism is proposed to explain the enhancement of conductance in doped nanowires. It is shown that the anomalous enhancement of conductance is due to surface doping. The conductance in doped nanowires increases with dopant concentration, which is qualitatively consistent with the existing experimental results. In addition, the I-V curves are linear and thus suggest that the metal electrodes make ohmic contacts to the shell-doped nanowires. The electric current increases with wire diameter (D) and decreases exponentially with wire length (L). Therefore, the doped nanowires have potential application in nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices.     

青海湖盆地35万年来的植被演化及环境变迁

本文依据青海湖南岸二郎剑阶地QH-86孔(深155m)中200余个孢粉样品的分析资料,将该孔深78m以上的孢粉图式,从下至上划分出七个区域性孢粉带,并结合铀系法测年数据,论述了350ka B.P.来的湖区植被和环境演变。其气候曲线与毗邻的柴达木盆地,甚至与深海钻孔及洛川黄土,具有可对比性。     

新型紫外光致发光图像高速采集装置的研制及其在筛分天然钻石中的应用

为了提高批量小颗粒钻石的筛查效率和准确性,研制了一种新型紫外光致发光图像高速采集装置——珠宝首饰观察鉴定仪(DDO),通过对激发光波长、工业相机等的选用和结构设计技术突破,以及对发光现象采集方式进行创新,实现了批量观察不同宝石间的光致发光现象和发光延迟现象差异等,从而实现对宝石高效检测。对20 000粒以上无色天然钻石、合成钻石和钻石相似品进行的DDO测试结果表明,98%~99%的无色天然钻石在紫外光激发光停止后的0.1~10 ms内可观察到的碧蓝色磷光现象,为天然钻石典型特征,合成钻石和其他无色宝石的发光特征(发光颜色、强度、持续时间、结构分区)明显区别于天然钻石,由此建立了一种通过观测包括荧光、衰减时间在100 ms内的连续发光(磷光)特征差异性作为筛分条件快速、准确筛分无色天然钻石的新方法。本装置提高了钻石鉴定的准确度和检测效率,对天然钻石的筛查通过率可高达99%,对合成钻石和仿钻石的筛查准确性可达100%。     

中国对虾黄、渤海沿岸地理群的RAPD分析

采用随机扩增多态DNA(random amplified polymorphic DNA,简称RAPD)技术,对中国对虾的黄、渤海地理群的32个个体遗传多样性进行了检测,使用OPI系列的20个10bp的寡核苷酸随机引物,对每个个体的基因组DNA进行扩增,结果为:17个引物获得了谱带清晰且重复性好的产物,扩增片段的分子量在2000～2000bp之间,共检测106个位点,其中多态位点数为39个,占36.8%;平均遗传距离为0.0941+0.0206,有67个标记(占63.2%)在整个群体的32个个体间表观稳定的一致性.     

中国北方苹果干旱等级指标构建及危险性评价

以中国北方苹果主产区为研究对象,利用1981-2018年气象资料、1981-2017年苹果干旱灾情历史资料和发育期资料,在构建干旱指数(D1)的基础上,以历史灾情反演、灾害样本重建和历史灾害过程解析为主线,采用独立样本T检验、Kolmogorov-Smirnov(K-S)检验、累积概率反函数值等方法,构建适用于中国北方...     

滆湖人工放流技术的改进及其效益分析

本文研究了滆湖1986—1988年人工放流主要鱼类的年龄组成、生长速度、肥满度、回捕率及其经济效益。青鱼、草鱼和团头鲂等主要放流种类的回捕率为23.85％—39.88％;鲢鳙鱼为8.20％—19.63％;中华绒螫蟹苗和蟹种分别为2.69％和48.57％。人工放流的产量效益平均为14.3倍,经济效益早均为9.6倍。     

The queen conch fishery on Pedro Bank, Jamaica: discovery, development, management

The history, methods, problems and regulation of fishing of the last remaining large queen conch resource in the world, located on a Jamaican fishing bank, are examined. The fishery activities for the queen conch, Strombus gigas Linnaeus are briefly described with the main activities in the industrial sector which produce the bulk of the harvest, which is exported. There are a few large producers harvesting the single major fishing ground of Pedro Bank, southwest of Kingston. These fishers harvested at least 1500 t annually between 1992 and 1998. Management is by licensing, individual quotas and a close season from July to October. Regulations related to CITES are thought to greatly assist in making licensed harvesters provide catch data to the Fisheries Division. The industrial operators have provided funding to undertake stock assessment studies in 1994 and again in 1997. We highlight the focus on management on a participatory consensual approach with meetings with all players in the industry. The conch fishery is thought to be one of the few areas of the Jamaica fishery where there is close and successful collaboration between fishers and the Fisheries Division. It provides an example of how rapid, precautionary, participatory action can provide an adequate basis for management until more definitive scientific information becomes available. The status of the conch fishery is thought to be sustainable at present, once reductions are made to the annual quota.     

湘中锑矿带断裂构造信息维特征及其意义

运用信息维的原理与方法对湘中锑矿带断裂构造体系的二维平面分布特征进行了研究。结果表明,信息维较之容量维更能反映断裂体系的结构特征,各矿带信息维值的差异定量地刻画了断裂的相对发育程度及分布特点。结合各矿带内锑矿床的分布特征,可发现信息维值的大小对成矿流体的运移和矿床定位有一定的指示作用,锑矿（点）产出较多、矿床储量较大的地区,其信息维值较大。     

Nature and the Singapore resident

Singapore has witnessed rapid urban development in the last thirty years. Its landscape has changed from one of slums and squatters in the immediate post-war years to a city of gardens and high-rise high-density housing. The concept of a `garden city' was introduced to guide the development of a city-state with abundant greenery. In the process, many parks and gardens were created including park connectors which are green linkages between parks and other land uses. This paper presents the findings of an ongoing research into park connectors. It reports on that part of the survey results which examine the views of residents towards nature provision in park connectors and suggest some design options to enhance the planning of park connectors. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

一种色泽秀丽的绿色符山石

绿色秀丽的符山石块体在外形、密度、硬度等方面与上等翡翠相似,外观上极易混淆。绿色纯正艳丽,质地细腻,无绺裂、杂班等缺陷的符山石可同上等翡翠媲美,具有很高的工艺及收藏价值。符山石与翡翠的明显区别是：折射率大于翡翠,在红外光谱高频区有两个明显的吸收带,翡翠花高频区3400－3800cm-1没有吸收港带出现。