Hankel transform filters for dipole antenna radiation in a conductive medium

We discuss the Hankel transforms related to a particular application, i.e. the dipole antenna radiation in conductive media, such as the antenna radiation in sea-bed electromagnetic applications. In this application, the electromagnetic wavefields decay very rapidly with distance. A good filter means that it can be used to evaluate weak fields. Exponential sampling transforms a Hankel transform into a convolution equation, which must be solved to obtain the filter coefficients. Here, we use a direct matrix inversion method to solve the convolution equation in the sample domain, instead of the Fourier transform method and the Wiener–Hopf method, previously used to solve the convolution equation. This direct method is conceptually simple and is suitable for our optimization process: by using the Sommerfeld identity, we search for the optimum sampling interval, which corresponds to the minimum wavefield, evaluated for a given length filter. The performances of the new filters obtained are compared with some well-known filters. We find that our filters perform better for our application; that is, for the same length filters, our filters are able to calculate weaker fields. For users working in similar applications, three sets of filters with lengths 61, 121, 241 are available from the author.     

Erosion in northwest Tibet from in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al in bedrock

Concentrations of in‐situ‐produced cosmogenic nuclides ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al in quartz were measured by accelerator mass spectrometry for bedrock basalts and sandstones located in northwest Tibet. The effective exposure ages range between 23 and 134 ka (¹⁰Be) and erosion rates between 4·0 and 24 mm ka^?1. The erosion rates are significantly higher than those in similarly arid Antarctica and Australia, ranging between 0·1 and 1 mm ka^?1, suggesting that precipitation is not the major control of erosion of landforms. Comparison of erosion rates in arid regions with contrasting tectonic activities suggests that tectonic activity plays a more important role in controlling long‐term erosion rates. The obtained erosion rates are, however, significantly lower than the denudation rate of 3000–6000 mm ka^?1 beginning at c. 5‐3 Ma in the nearby Godwin Austen (K2) determined by apatite fission‐track thermochronology. It appears that the difference in erosion rates within different time intervals is indicative of increased tectonic activity at c. 5–3 Ma in northwest Tibet. We explain the low erosion rates determined in this study as reflecting reduced tectonic activity in the last million years. A model of localized thinning of the mantle beneath northwest Tibet may account for the sudden increased tectonic activity at c. 5–3 Ma and the later decrease. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

台风“麦莎”路径东折分析及NWP产品检验

本文利用气象常规资料、NCEP／NCAR再分析资料和数值预报产品（NWP）资料对0509台风“麦莎”路径两次明显东折（7日11时和8日23时）的原因进行了分析，并对NWP产品对麦莎路径的预报结果进行了检验。结果表明：麦莎路径主要受西太平洋副热带高压（副高，下同）与西风带环流的影响，两次明显东折与西风带环流的经、纬向调整及副高由块状变为带状有关；“副高南落”指标和广义李雅普诺夫稳定度判据中J22的符号分别对应了麦莎的两次明显东折；麦莎中心气压和风力变化与台风的两次明显东折有很好的对应关系。另外，T213资料的涡度和位温预报场对台风的两次明显东折有一定的指示意义。NWP产品24h内对台风路径的预报效果较好，但对台风的第二次东折预报较差。     

Spatial gradient analysis of urban green spaces combined with landscape metrics in Jinan City of China

1IN T R O D U C T IO NUrban green spaces can be consideredas the outdoorplacesintheurban covered with significanatmounts ofvegetation,naturalor manmade,as opposed to areasthatare paved or having buildingon them(JIM andC HEN,2003;SHIVANAND and SUZANA,2005)…     

山东省东西部地区差距衡量指标体系及测算分析

笔者认为 ,通常所说的地区差距应该是指经济、社会以及影响经济和社会发展的各方面要素的差距组成的“集合体” ,即区域间社会经济综合实力水平的差距。基于对地区差距的这一理解 ,在定性分析的基础上 ,提出一套以定量为主、定性与定量相结合的地区差距衡量指标体系及定量化测算方法 ,并运用它对山东省东西部地区之间的差距进行定量计算和分析比较。     

6710铀矿区火成岩的地球化学特征及其构造和成矿意义

火山岩型铀矿床通常与酸性至中性的火山岩类有关 ,而 6 710铀矿区的铀矿化与双峰式火山岩和基底花岗岩有紧密的空间关系。研究表明该套双峰式火山岩中玄武岩的Rb Sr等时线年龄为173± 9 7Ma ,流纹岩为 16 4 8± 0 57Ma。前者的不相容元素地球化学特征与板内拉斑玄武岩相一致 ;后者为准铝质 (ACNK =0 88- 0 96 ) ,稀土元素 (ΣREE :(2 50 33- 2 95 99)× 10 - 6 )和高场强元素 (Y ,Zr,Nb等 )的含量较高 ,与A型花岗岩的地球化学特征相似。基底花岗岩的Rb Sr等时线年龄为 2 4 9 9± 5 5Ma ,岩石为过铝质 (ANKC =1 18- 1 2 6 ) ,富集LREE((La/Lu) N=2 8 51-55 0 9)和大离子亲石元素 (Rb ,Th ,U等 ) ,与同造山S型花岗岩的地球化学特征一致。双峰式火山岩表明该区在燕山早期具有拉张裂解的地球动力学背景 ,基底花岗岩代表了海西晚期的挤压造山环境。它们分别为本区铀成矿提供了矿化剂 (CO2 - 3)和铀源。     

东营凹陷中生代火山岩地球化学初步研究

东营凹陷早白垩纪火山岩,沿青城断裂分布,是一套弱碱性-钙碱性、富钠的大陆玄武岩、玄武安山岩.其84Sr/86Sr=0.705197,K-Ar同位素年龄为116.8±2.4～121.6±2.5Ma,稀土含量在84.93×10-6～90.60×10-6,∑LREE/∑HREE=6.99～7.24.岩浆主要来自上地幔,并受地壳物质混染.研究表明,该套火山岩产出的大地构造背景是活动大陆边缘火山弧后,左旋压扭应力场中的Nww向展布的次级张性盆地.     

Effects of rice straw on the cell viability,photosynthesis, and growth of Microcystis aeruginosa

Rice straw is supposed to be an environment-friendly biomaterial for inhibiting the growth of harmful blooms of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. However, its potential mechanism is not well known. To explore this mechanism, the growth, cell viability （esterase activity, membrane potential, and membrane integrity）, photosynthesis, and cell size ofM. aeruginosa were determined using flow cytometry and Phyto-PAM after exposure to rice straw extracts （RSE）. The results show that doses from 2.0 to 10.0 g/L of RSE efficiently inhibited the alga for 15 days, while the physiologic and morphologic responses of the cyanobacteria were time-dependent. RSE interfered with the cell membrane potential, cell size, and in vivo chlorophyll-a fluorescence on the first day. After 7 days of exposure, RSE was transported into the cytosol, which disrupted enzyme activity and photosynthesis. The cyanobacteria then started to repair its physiology （enzyme activity, photosynthesis） and remained viable, suggesting that rice straw act as an algistatic agent.     

Secondary metabolites of a deep sea derived fungus Aspergillus versicolor CXCTD-06-6a and their bioactivity

In order to obtain novel secondary metabolites, a deep sea inhabiting fungus Aspergillus versicolor CXCTD-06-6a was investigated. One new diketopiperazine brevianamide W(1a), as well as five known diketopiperazine alkaloids, diketopiperazine V(1b), brevianamide Q(2), brevianamide R(3), brevianamide K(4), and brevianamide E(5), were isolated from the Et OAc extract of the fermentation broth. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopy techniques(NMR, MS). The six compounds exhibited moderate radical scavenging activity against DPPH with clearance ratio of 55.0%(1a and 1b), 53.7%(2), 46.2%(3), 61.4%(4) and 19.3%(5) at a concentration of 13.9 μmol L-1, respectively; while the positive control ascorbic acid showed a ratio of 70.3% at the concentration of 28.4 μmol L-1.