压裂液对油层伤害的若干机理研究

作者利用溶度积与离子积常数的关系讨论了压裂液中所含离子与地层流体之间的不配伍性；利用岩芯模型、微观砂岩模型等实验手段，就压裂液中的固形物对储集层渗流能力的影响和水锁效应的影响做了初步研究。     

某铀矿床成矿物理化学条件的研究

某铀矿床位于L花岗岩体外接触带,成矿围岩为中泥盆统碳酸盐岩,为多阶段中低温热液型铀矿化。本文详细地讨论了该矿床的成矿物理化学条件:成矿温度为100—300℃,沥青铀矿形成温变为150—200℃;矿前期热液压力为(1—2)×10~8SPa,矿期为(5—10)×10~7pa,矿后期为(3—5)×10~7Pa。从矿前期至矿后期,矿液fo_2和fs_2皆有降低的趋势fo_2为10~(-31.81)—10~(43.58),fs_2为10~(-6.67)—10~(-16.56);矿液pH为7.12—7.59,Eh为-0.2702—-0.2848V;铀以K_4[UO_2(CO_3)_3]形式迁移,随着物理化学条件的改变,铀络合物解体,形成沥青铀矿。     

论L花岗岩体与3701铀矿床的成因联系

矿床赋存于L花岗岩体外接触带(0—120m)的碳酸盐岩中,矿化围岩为中泥盆统应堂组泥质灰岩。矿体呈透镜状或似层状,属细脉浸染型矿化。矿化可分为四个阶段。工业矿物为沥青铀矿,呈显微浸染状、显微脉状分布于方解石中,或充填、交代伴生矿物。脉石和金属矿物主要有方解石、黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿和砷黝铜矿等。矿脉两侧的围岩呈现面型和线型弱热蚀变。L花岗岩体出露面积238km~2,为一个单阶段侵入岩基,其岩性主要是粗-中粒黑云母花岗岩。鉴于铀矿化年龄(65.0一30.7 Ma)较L花岗岩体成岩年龄(318一202 Ma)小得多,因此可认为矿化与花岗岩浆活动无成因上的联系。但花岗岩在下列方面对3701铀矿床的形成起重要作用:提供铀源和错:为矿化提供少量硫、碳和微量元素;形成有利于含铀溶液集聚的隔水底板;为加热含矿溶液和促使其对流循环提供部分热源.     

一些地区的地声特征及其作为地震前兆的可能性

本文收集了河北卢龙、昌黎,辽宁营口,四川成都,山东莒县和山西介休等地的地声观测资料。对这些资料进行分析处理,得到了它们的频谱特性和其他特性。最后对声源的机制及其作为地震前兆的可能性作了扼要的讨论。     

金刚石钻进微钻法岩石可钻性分级的探讨

岩石可钻性的分级是确定生产定额、设计钻头和选择最佳参数的依据。本文论述了作者在实验台上用微钻法进行岩石分级的研究成果。该实验台是自行设计并可以同时自动记录9个钻进参数的一种装置,微钻法可以很好地表示在两向力同时作用下,岩石破碎过程的主要力学特征。岩石抗破碎阻力是岩石机械性质的综合反映,因此,以往用单一的性质来进行分级并不完善,用微钻法进行分级、经野外实践,符合率可达85％以上。     

An experimental study on absorption properties of NO,NO2, NH3, CO2 and H2O by using line-tunable co laser

Measurements of absorption properties of some gases in the atmosphere were made by using CO line-tunable laser. Experimental equipment and method are briefly described. Absorption coefficients of NO, NO2, NH3, CO2 and H2O at some definite laser wavelengths are given, and variations of absorption properties with both partial and total pressures are discussed.     

Photochemistry of the Martian atmosphere

A variety of models are explored to study the photochemistry of CO₂ in the Martian atmosphere with emphasis on reactions involving compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Acceptable models are constrained to account for measured concentrations of CO and O above 90 km, with an additional requirement that they should be in accord with observations of CO, O₂, and O₃ in the lower atmosphere. Dynamical mixing must be exceedingly rapid at altitudes above 90 km, with effective eddy diffusion coefficients in excess of 10⁷ cm² sec^?1. If recombination of CO₂ is to occur mainly by gas phase chemistry, catalyzed by trace quantities of H, OH, and HO₂, mixing must be rapid over the altitude interval 30 to 40 km. The value implied for the diffusion coefficient in this region is a function of assumptions made regarding the rates for reaction of OH with HO₂ to form H₂O and of the rate for reaction of HO₂ with itself to form H₂O₂. If rates for these reactions are taken to have values similar to rates used in current models for the Earth's stratosphere, the eddy diffusion coefficient at 40 km on Mars should be about 5 × 10⁷ cm² sec^?1, consistent with Zurek's (1976) estimate for this parameter inferred from tidal theory. Surface chemistry could have an influence on the abundances of atmospheric CO and O₂, but a major effect would imply sluggish mixing at all altitudes below 50 km and in addition would carry implications for the magnitude of the rates for reaction of OH with HO₂ and HO₂ with itself.     

The global distribution of O3 on mars

Models are developed to describe the photochemistry of ozone on Mars. Catalytic reactions involving H, OH and HO₂ play a major role at low latitudes where they ensure a vertical column density for O₃ of less than 2 × 10^?4 cm atm. The source for odd hydrogen (H + OH + HO₂) is relatively smaller at high latitudes in winter due to the small concentrations of H₂O present there at that time. Odd hydrogen is also efficiently removed from the high-latitude winter atmosphere by condensation of H₂O₂. The role of catalytic chemistry is reduced accordingly and the vertical column density of O₃ may be as large as 5.7 × 10^?3 cm atm in accord with earlier observations carried out by Barth and co-workers with instruments on Mariner 9.     

山前冲积平原地下水开发利用及保护探讨

本文以山东省宁阳县城东区地下水开发利用情况为例。科学分析了山前冲积平原大量开采地下水引起的区域地下水环境变化，并提出了遏制地下水环境恶化的措施，采取节流与补源并举，严格控制地下水超采。     

卫星热红外观测进行地震预报的可能性分析

阐述了低空大气卫星热红外增温的理论基础，及与其他异常的关系。简述了地震前低空大气卫星热红外增温的普遍性，卫星热红外观测技术的特点和问题，及利用低空大气卫星热红外增温预报地震的可能性。