3D Step-by-step inversion strategy for audio magnetotellurics data based on unstructured mesh

A three-dimensional (3D) step-by-step inversion strategy for audio magnetotellurics(AMT) is investigated in this study.The objective function is minimized by it...     

利用高铝粉煤灰制备莫来石微晶玻璃的实验研究

以高铝粉煤灰为主要原料,采用粉末烧结法制备出莫来石微晶玻璃。X射线衍射分析显示,经1350~1550℃热处理后,制得的微晶玻璃的主晶相均为莫来石。扫描电镜分析表明,较高的温度下热处理有利于晶体的生长。微晶玻璃的理化性能如吸水率、气孔率、体积密度、抗折强度和化学稳定性,随热处理温度的不同而发生相应的变化。1500℃热处理2 h制得的微晶玻璃具有优良的理化性能,在工程和结构领域具有潜在的应用前景。     

Quantitative Analysis of Paleoatmospheric CO2 Level Based on Stomatal Characters of Fossil Ginkgo from Jurassic to Cretaceous in China

A better theoretical and practical understanding of the linkage between paleo-CO2 and climate during geological history is important to enhance the sustainable development of modern human society. Development in plant physiology since the 1980s has led to the realization that fossil plants can serve as a proxy for paleoatmosphere and paleobiosphere. As a relict gymnosperm with evolutionary stasis, Ginkgo is well suited for paleoenvironmental reconstruction. This paper analyzes fossil Ginkgo species from integrated strata in the north of China using anatomic data of plant physiology. Using stomatal parameters, a trend for the paleo-CO2 level during the Early-Middle Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous was obtained, which is consistent with the estimates by GEOCARB. The trend is also similar to that of Mean Global Surface Temperature in geological time. Compared with three other atmospheric CO2 concentration parameters, the trend of paleo-CO2 level based on the stomatal parameter of the fossil Ginkgo specimens from three contiguous strata is more exact.     

浙江省衢州市上方镇重钙方解石矿工艺指标影响因素

重质碳酸钙的白度和色相值(Lab)是最重要的工业指标,但影响因素尚不清楚.本文通过扫描电镜、粉晶X射线衍射(XRD)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)等分析手段,对浙江衢州上方镇的重钙方解矿石进行了研究,以期阐明重质碳酸钙白度和色相的影响因素.结果表明,矿石随研磨粒度的减小白度逐渐增加,在100～400目,白...     

西藏申扎县甲岗雪山钨、钼、铋多金属矿床稳定同位素地球化学特征及矿床成因探讨

冈底斯成矿带是西藏重要的多金属成矿区之一,在该成矿带北部申扎县首次发现的甲岗雪山钨、钼、铋多金属矿床是不同于其南部斑岩型铜多金属矿床的成矿新类型,该矿床的发现是藏北地区内生金属矿找矿的重要突破.文章对该矿床矿石稳定同位素地球化学特征进行研究表明:成矿流体主要来源于岩浆岩,围岩(地层)可能只提供了少量成矿物质;该矿床硫的来源单一,属于岩浆硫范畴,矿石与围岩中的硫具有相同的来源;铅的来源以地壳铅为主,并混有少量地幔铅.根据上述研究,结合矿床地质特征及同国内外同类型矿床的对比,认为甲岗雪山多金属矿床是在大陆碰撞后陆内伸展构造背景下,形成于喜马拉雅中期中酸性岩浆活动阶段,矿质主要源自岩浆的石英大脉型钨、钼、铋多金属矿床.     

基于性能的地震工程研究的新进展及对结构非线性分析的要求

结合国际地震工程界提出的新一代基于性能的地震工程的框架方法,重点阐述了性能评估中涉及的主要问题。对性能评估使用的静力非线性分析、动力非线性分析方法进行了总结,在此基础上详细阐述了在基于概率的性能评估中有应用前景的增量动力分析方法的概念、相关问题及其应用,并简要介绍了基于增量动力分析思想提出的一些简化方法。最后提出了今后研究的建议,特别是结构非线性分析方面的研究重点。     

双偏振相控阵雷达与业务雷达的定量对比及观测精度研究

相控阵天气雷达突破了全机械驱动天线天气雷达的时空分辨率瓶颈,能够提供更加快速、精细的观测资料.但阵列天线存在性能参数随扫描角偏离法向而恶化的情况,使相控阵雷达定量测量存在困难.本文针对中国华南地区最新布网的双偏振相控阵天气雷达,通过与当地S波段业务雷达在相同区域内的定量对比,评估了反射率因子差分反射率因子的误差量级及其...     

Characterizing the hydraulic properties of unsaturated sand considering various porosities and drying‐wetting paths of the retention curve

Previous studies have shown that water retention curve (WRC) and the hydraulic conductivity vary because of changes of the void ratio or porosity of soil. However, limited documents pointed out the change of hydraulic properties of soil when compacted to different porosities while considering both of the drying and wetting processes of the WRC. This information is sometimes necessary for research like finger flow analysis or the occurrence of wetting and drying cycles as what would be seen in the field. Therefore, this study aims to examine the change of WRC characteristics with varied porosity considering both of the drying and wetting path in WRC by conducting a sand box experiment. Results show that the same type of sand compacted to various porosities have different hydraulic parameters. Hydraulic conductivities generally decrease with reduced porosities; shape parameter α of the van Genuchten equation (1980) linearly decreases with declining porosity and shape parameter n in a reversal manner for the sands of interest whether in the drying process or wetting process. The unsaturated properties of sand are further characterized by inspecting the variations of moisture content, matric suction and vertical displacement of soil body subject to periodic changes of the water level by another sand box experiment. The outcomes suggest that the saturated water content and residual water content are changing during the wetting–drying process, which can be an implication of the changed properties of WRC. The characteristics of volumetric deformation might be varied as well because of the observation of the dissimilar patterns of the changing vertical displacements among each wetting–drying process. Infiltration patterns of the sands also are identified through numerical modelling by introducing a constant infiltration flux from the surface followed by a no‐influx condition. Results indicate that less water accumulates in the sand near the surface for the sand compacted to higher porosity, but water can move deeper. Hydraulic conductivity is found as the prime factor dominating the evolvement of wetting fronts. However, shape parameters of water retention curves also affect the infiltration pattern to some extent. In addition, different sands with similar porosities can have quite different infiltrating characteristics. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

积云中去滴谱形成的数值模拟研究(一)——盐核谱和浓度的作用

本文利用一维非定常积云数值模式,详细地考虑云的微物理过程,模拟了积云发展前期云的宏微观结构,研究了盐核谱和浓度对积云中云滴谱形成的影响。结果表明,本模式模拟的云中上升气流和含水量等宏观特征与观测结果基本上一致,云滴谱分布和大云滴浓度以及它们随高度分布的特征等也与观测相符。在积云顶部附近还模拟出双峰云滴谱。结果还指出,大陆性积云云滴谱和海洋性积云云滴谱之间的差异,主要是由于两地空气中盐核总浓度不同所致,而不是由于巨核多少的缘故。     

区域化探资料在提高农作物产量上的应用成果

1991年,利用冀东地区已有1:20万区域化探资料,进行了在农业中的开发应用研究,在此基础上,选择区内微量营养元素和有益元素缺乏区,开展了增施微量元素Zn、Mn、Mo、B和Co肥料提高水稻、玉米、花生和苹果产量的应用研究。试验结果表明,增施微肥后,水稻、玉米、花生产量提高,平均增产10%以上,亩增收入平均40元以上,苹果增产30%以上,亩增收入大于1000元,增产效果和经济效益是明显的。这项成果如在整个冀东地区推广,其经济效益将是巨大的。