Die tektonische Prägung des Vennsattels und seiner Umgebung

Zusammenfassung Strukturelle Untersuchungen im Vennsattel und seiner Umgebung ergeben, daß die Hauptfaltung, die die heute sichtbaren Strukturen sowohl des vordevonischen Sattelkerns als auch der devonisch-karbonischen Flanken prägte, varistisch ist. Die Entwicklung dieser Faltung wird beschrieben.Die kaledonische Faltung, die gewöhnlich in den vordevonischen Schichten vermutet wird, kann nur sehr schwach gewesen sein. Anzeichen für eine Faltung des Vennkerns vor dem Tremadoc sind vorhanden. Die Intrusion der Eruptivgesteine (u.a. Granit von Lammersdorf) fällt in die Zeit zwischen Tremadoc und Ende der varistischen Faltung. Es gibt Anhaltspunkte, daß die großen SE-NW-(Quer-)-Störungen schon vor der varistischen Hauptfaltung (Asturische Faltung) bestanden haben.     

Die Bestimmung einer Geoiderhebung aus Messungen mit der Drehwaage von Eötvös

Zusammenfassung Aus Drehwaagenmessungen des Bundesamtes für Eich- und Vermessungegswesen wird in einem Spezialfall die Geoidhebung eines fast isolierten Gebirgsstockes durch zweimalige Integration von bestimmt. Direkte Berechnung des Potentials führt zum gleichen Resultat.

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Résumé Au moyen de mesures faites avec la balance de torsion d'Eötvös effectuées par le Service Fédéral Autrichien de Géodésie, de Cartographie, du Cadastre et des Poids et Mesures, un cas particulier d'élévation du géoide produite par un massif de montagne presque isolé est déterminé par intégration réitérée de . Le calcul direct du potentiel a conduit au même résultat.

     

The record of impact cratering on the great volcanic shields of the Tharsis region of Mars

Mariner 9 images of the four great volcanic shields of the Tharsis region of Mars show many circular craters ranging in diameter from 100mm to 20 km. Previous attempts to date the volcanoes from their apparent impact crater densities yielded a range of results. The principal difficulty is sorting volcanic from impact craters for diameters $\text{?1}\text{km}$. Many of the observed craters are aligned in prominent linear and concentric patterns suggestive of volcanic origin. In this paper an attempt is made to date areas of shield surface, covered with high resolution images using only scattered small (?1 km) craters of probable impact origin. Craters of apparent volcanic origin are systematically excluded from the dating counts.The common measure of age, deduced for all surfaces studied, is a calculated “crater age” F′ defined as the number of craters equal to or larger than 1 km in diameter per 10⁶km². The conclusions reached from comparing surface ages and their geological settings are: (1) Lava flow terrain surfaces with ages, F′, from 180 to 490 are seen on the four great volcanoes. Summit surfaces of similar ages, F′ = 360 to 420, occur on the rims of calderas of Arsia Mons, Pavonis Mons, and Olympus Mons. The summit of Ascraeus Mons is possibly younger; F′ is calculated to be 180 for the single area which could be dated. (2) One considerably younger surface, F′ < 110, is seen on the floor of Arsia Mon's summit caldera. (3) Nearly crater free lava flow terrain surfaces seen on Olympus Mons are estimated to be less than half the age of a summit surface. The summit caldera floor is similarly young. (4) The pattern of surface ages on the volcanoes suggests that their eruption patterns are similar to those of Hawaiian basaltic shields. The youngest surfaces seem concentrated on the mid-to-lower flanks and within the summit calderas. (5) The presently imaged sample of shield surface, though incomplete, clearly shows a broad range of ages on three volcanoes—Olympus, Arsia, and Pavonis Mons.Estimated absolute ages of impact dated surfaces are obtained from two previously published estimates of the history of flux of impacting bodies on Mars. The estimated ranges of age for the observed crater populations are 0.5 to 1.2b.y. and 0.07 to 0.2b.y. Areas which are almost certainly younger, less than 0.5 or 0.07b.y., are also seen. The spans of surface age derived for the great shields are minimum estimates of their active lifetimes, apparently very long compared to those of terrestrial volcanoes.     

Zur Vergleichbarkeit der magmatischen Gesteine aus dem Adamello mit den Tonalitgraniten aus den Hohen Tauern

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 15 Textabbildungen     

The future of industrial cities and regions in central and eastern Europe

Economic transition in central and eastern Europe (CEE) has had a particularly strong impact on industrial cities and regions. Following their economic collapse, most of them are now confronted with serious problems such as high unemployment and vast ecological damage. The paper presents findings from a pan European research project that investigated the problems of these cities and regions as well as the strategies being adopted to cope with structural change. It examines the differences in approaches and addresses the question whether existing EU policy is suitable for supporting the redevelopment of old industrial cities and regions in CEE countries. The paper concludes with recommendations for future directions in policy making.     

Der Ssiwasch Ein großes Haff im semiariden Klimabereich

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Modeling and Fitting of Three-Dimensional Mineral Microstructures by Multinary Random Fields

Mathematical Geosciences - Modeling a mineral microstructure accurately in three dimensions can render realistic mineralogical patterns which can be used for three-dimensional processing...