冰雪区局地环流及气候特征探讨

本文以西昆仑山崇侧冰帽区为例,根据大量观测资料,讨论了冰川存在对其所在地区气候的影响。得出冰川风是影响冰雪区气候特征的重要因素,是冰-气作用中的一个主要因子。这里的冰川风是一种独成体系的局地环流,它既不同于山谷冰川上出现的冰川风,也不同于山谷风。其强度随着离开冰雪区距离的增长而减弱。在冰雪区前缘地带形成风向、温湿度急剧变化区,使温度梯度从非冰川区到冰川区发生大的变化。     

在乌鲁木齐天文站25米天线上进行的脉冲星观测

１９９６年１月，由北京天文台、北京大学、乌鲁木齐天文站组成的研究小组完成了乌鲁木齐天文站２５ｍ天线的脉冲星观测系统，取得了一些脉冲星的观测结果。共成功地观测了８颗脉冲星，得到４颗脉冲星的轮廓图；还观测到ＰＳ１１３３＋１６的反常模式。乌鲁木齐天文站将成为我国重要的脉冲星观测基地。     

西秦岭北缘活断层带断层气的基本特征

通过对西秦岭北缘活断层带断层气活动基本特征的研究认为：本活断层带是本区地球排气的主要通道;在走滑断层拉分区,地球排放气体活动的强度与地震活动有密切的关系;本带东段断层排气活动比较强,西段断层排气活动比较北,并讨论了两形成差异的原因。     

防空洞里地电阻率的现场实验

研究了防空洞里地电阻率产S的变化与压力、气温、地温和湿度的关系,得到户S法探测深度大的数据内在质量要比小的更好,岩石电阻车具有方向性和年变化,并在一定范围与气温、地温和湿度的变化相关性较好。     

运用原油吡咯类含氮化合物研究塔里木盆地塔中地区石油的二次运移

在塔里木盆地塔中地区的原油中分离和检测到咔唑类含氮化合物,并成功地将其应用于油气运移研究,烷基咔唑类化合物大量存在于所分析的样品中,苯并咔唑只在部分样品检测到且含量小,而二苯并卟唑则未发现,根据Ｃ２烷基咔唑的Ｇ１,Ｇ２和Ｇ３结构类型的分布,Ｃ３－咔唑／Ｃ２－咔唑比值以及烷基咔唑与苯并烷基咔唑的相对含量可知,塔中地区石炭系Ｃ３油组的石油分别从北西和南东两个方向向塔中４号构造的高点侧向运移,研究还表明     

北极夏季浮冰的物理特征及气-冰交换(英)

The flux of sensible heat (SH) and momentum (FM), drag coefficient of momentum (Cm), roughness length of momentum (Zom) and Richardson number (Ri) on the icefloe in Arctic(80°10. 8' N, 30°0. 5' E) were calculated by means of the gradient method of turbulent diffusion theory fromthe data of air/ice exchange on the icefloe with different area and different locations on a same ice floe in August, 1991, which were performed by the scientists from Institute of Geophysics, University of Bergen, Norway and Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.The results show that firstly the quantity of icefloes area is associated with the sensible heat flux and the roughness length of momentum, which seems the smaller area of icefloes, the bigger sensible heat flux and roughness length of momentum ; secondly, the location of measuring stations is also in relation to be exchange of air/ice on a same icefloe, which seems the nearer the boundary between sea water and icefloes, the stronger exchange of air/ice.As our measuring period was only one week and two different area icefloes were only selected, the above results can not be the final conclusions. However, while these results can be the final conclusions from longer period data on the more different area icefloes, they should provide some effective parameters for modeling experiment on the air-sea-ice exchange.     

东南极洲中山站附近1年生海冰的发育和结构特征及其对生物群落的影响(英)

Sea ice growth, characteristics and ice algal biomass were measured at four sites off Zhongshan Station (66°22, 24" S, 76°22, 40" E), East Antarctica in 1992. The ice formed in late March,grew stablely and reached its highest thickness of 174 cm in November and December. The difference　between measured ice thickness and the calculated values from the classical Stephen formula are small,suggesting that the heat flux from the ocean to the underside of the ice at this area is not obvious.The results of sea ice analysis show that the sea ice consists mainly of congelation ice, and the frazil　ice only occurs at the top of sea ice, no snow or platelet ice is found. When the ice thickness reached its　　highest values in late spring, congelation ice contained average 89. 5 % of the total column crystal 　structure, the remaining 10. 5% consisted of frazil ice, and the ice thicknesses above the congelation ice layers were mostly consistent throughout the year, suggesting that the sea ice developed in a relativelycalm environment after the top layer of ice had formed and grew downwards only.Congelation ice fabrics shows frequent moderate to strong alignments at almost all depths, and thedegree of preferred orientation mostly increased with depths. In the sub--structure of congelation ice,the plate width are in a range of 0. 55 to 1. 05 mm with an average value of 0. 76 mm. No apparent pattern occurs in its vertical profiles.Ice crystal composition is one of the major factors influencing the ice algal biomass, and the effectsof crystal alignments and ice plate width of congelation ice are not apparent.     

论油气成藏流体动力系统

提出了油气成藏流体动力系统的概念和重力驱动型、压实驱动型、流体封存及滞流型油气成藏流体动力学系统类型的划分方案。流体动力系统类型的确定从盆地演化史分析和流体动力特征分析两方面来进行。油气成藏主要驱动力的相对重要性在重力驱动型、压实驱动型、流体封存型系统中不同,浮力在３类系统中都重要,水动力只在前两类中重要,而热力仅在第三类中发挥重要作用,地应力在第一和第三类系统中重要。油气成藏流体动力系统研究对油